刻槽法拾取岩样横波波速的试验方法

在小尺寸试件拾取横波难度高的情况下,根据波的传播规律,通过试件底部界面刻槽的方法,对反射纵波形成绕射,消除了反射纵波对横波初至的干扰,成功地实现了利用纵波探头拾取小尺寸岩样横波速度的测试.通过试验,利用纵波探头获得了岩样的横波速度参数,计算了横波速度各向异性系数.研究表明,层状结构岩石横波速度变化规律与纵波速度变化规律相似,即遵循椭圆方程的规律.通过顺层方向纵、横波速度的比值分析,证明试件底部界面刻槽测试横波的测试方法是合理的.     

横波震源的设计及激发效果

针对横波地震勘探方法是一项有前途、应用范围广的技术,浅层横波勘探的关键问题是震源问题,如何制造出适合野外工作特点的低噪声、大能量、易于操作、经济实用的横波震源是推广横波地震勘探技术的关键;结合横波地震勘探技术在伊敏煤田一露天矿横波地震勘探中的应用,对横波震源的特性进行了分析,对不同特性的横波震源在不同介质中的激发效果进行了试验分析,分析了影响激发效果的因素及采取的各种措施,得出如下结论:在野外采集时,注意提高资料的信噪比和分辨率非常重要,不能只靠数据处理来提高资料的分辨率,另外,要想取得好的激发效果,震源与地表耦合的好坏很重要.     

用正交偶极阵列声波测井研究地层地应力场

提出了一种利用正交偶极子声波测井资料计算地层主应力的新方法。该方法利用了当地层地应力不均衡时,横波发生双折射形成快横波和慢横波的物理特征,在应力不均衡井段建立快、慢横波应力一速度方程。通过岩心实验确定了快、慢横波应力一速度方程的耦合系数,从而计算地层最大、最小水平主应力数值,并从理论上证明了快横波传播方向与最大水平主应力方向一致。应用该方法,对大港油田碳酸盐岩地层进行了地应力评价,并用成像测井对评价结果进行验证,结果证明该方法有效。     

浅层横波地震勘探方法研究

本文通过对横波传播规律及运动形式的理论模型及实测数据研究了横波的波场特征。通过对横波波场的研究得出了观测浅层横波的最佳观测窗口,在野外成功地观测到了高质量的浅层横波地震资料。浅层横波野外观测与实际应用表明,利用浅层横波资料可以解释埋于地下5～100m深度范围内的地质问题,同时能对地层进行精确地分层。该方法可以应用于小煤窑采空区的探测。     

横波地震勘探的分辨率探讨

横波地震勘探是一种抗干扰能力强、分辨率高的地震勘探方法，被广泛用于地质灾害调查、工程地质勘探、露天煤矿勘探等方面。由于横波衰减快，加之受激发方式制约，一般勘探深度均较浅，常被用于100米以上浅层地震勘探。浅层地震勘探需要查明的多为较小的地质体，对精度要求高，分辨率问题显得尤其重要。本文就横波勘探中影响分辨率的几个问题及如何提高横波勘探分辨率进行分析和探讨。     

微裂缝对横波衰减影响的实验研究及其在致密砂岩裂缝评价中的应用

针对致密砂岩储层微裂缝评价问题,采用物理实验手段研究孔隙度不同的3组岩心样品在不同裂缝宽度条件下横波的衰减情况,分析微米级裂缝宽度对横波衰减的影响规律,并将其应用于致密砂岩储层裂缝张开度测井评价。根据实验研究结果,建立微裂缝等效宽度与裂缝横波衰减系数之间的关系式。结果表明:横波衰减系数随裂缝宽度的增加有规律地增大;另外,同等裂缝条件下孔隙度较小的岩心样品对应的裂缝横波衰减系数相对更大,且随裂缝宽度变化更快,说明横波衰减系数对微裂缝宽度变化更敏感;由裂缝横波衰减计算的微裂缝等效宽度与电成像解释成果图中显示的裂缝发育程度吻合较好,证实了方法的可行性和正确性。     

基于近似流体替代的快速无迭代横波速度预测方法

 横波速度对于储层表征、流体识别具有重要意义。实际测井数据中横波速度信息缺乏,因而横波速度预测已成为岩石物理研究的重要内容。经验回归公式法横波速度预测都是建立在水饱和岩石的基础之上,油气饱和储层横波速度预测需要先对流体进行替代。利用无需横波速度的流体替代方法预测油气储层饱含水时的纵波速度,克服了传统流体替代方法需要横波速度的局限。再借助水饱和岩石纵波速度-横波速度回归关系式实现储层完全饱含水时的横波速度预测。进而通过密度校正,获得储层含油气时的横波速度,建立了一种快速无迭代的横波速度预测方法。将该方法成功地应用于实际测井资料的横波速度预测,预测结果表明,预测精度相对未进行流体替代的预测结果,有较大的提高,说明快速无迭代横波速度预测方法是行之有效的。     

三个实验数据证明光是介质波

光电效应的能量与频率成正比、光速与介质有关、光速与光源速度无关这三个实验数据均可以证明光不可能是物质波,只可能是介质波,光介质以太肯定存在。由于光电效应源于电磁感应,故光电效应实验反而可以证明光是波,不具备粒子性,故波粒二象性不成立。光的横波源于原子对光的反射形成的横波分量,光的本质是纵波,横波只有光在物体中传播时才产生,光在真空中传播时没有横波分量,以太是流质而非固体,迈克耳孙-莫雷实验的前提条件不成立。     

基于支持向量机的页岩储层横波速度预测

为解决目前油气田现场缺少储层横波速度信息的问题,以常规测井数据为基础,基于支持向量机映射页岩横波速度与自然伽马、密度和电阻率等测井数据的相关性,提出了一种准确预测储层横波速度的方法。通过四川盆地威远页岩气区块的11 500个样本数据对所建立的模型进行训练与测试,支持向量机的预测准确性达到97.2%。     

工程岩体横波频率及振幅的衰减特性

横波频率和横波振幅的衰减对不同质量的工程岩体有着极好的响应,但是有关工程岩体质量与横波频率和横波振幅的衰减规律的研究成果尚少见,相关参数在工程岩体评价中亦没有得到应用。文中对不同质量岩体的横波频率特性、振幅衰减特性进行了研究,研究结果表明:岩体质量较差时横波有低频、高衰减的特点。横波频率约为200Hz甚至更低;波的振幅衰减很快,衰减系数大。当岩体较好时频率对速度的响应非常敏感,速度增加时频率随之增大,近于直线关系。当横波速度大于2000m/s时,衰减系数突降变小。在对上述关系研究的基础上,给出了利用横波频率及衰减系数进行工程岩体质量分级评价的建议值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has