甚低频电磁波穿透地层无线通信系统天线装置的研究

根据甚低频电磁波在半导电媒质中的传播特点，简要介绍几种常用的甚低频天线主要电性能，分析比较其优缺点及适用场合，研究其输入阻抗、电流分布、方向特性，设计出适合本课题要求的天线装置。     

甚低频远程遥控信号传输特性分析及接收方法

分析甚低频电磁波传播路径与方式,给出场强的计算公式。推导了海水中的基本电磁波方程,分析了电磁波的入水深度和入水后相位的变化,特别是电场和磁场分量从水面传播到水下时场强的衰减,并初步估算了甚低频遥控信号的入水深度。采用正交天线,不论信号来自任何方向,它接收到的都是最大值。     

甚低频电磁波方法预报地磁暴

通过观察甚低频电磁波的相位变化,预测太阳耀斑的级别.当太阳耀斑爆发时,太阳表面首先会发出大量电磁辐射(主要是X射线),甚低频电磁波能很好地感应到此辐射;其次还喷射出大量带电低能粒子流,这会引起地磁暴,且通常在耀斑爆发1~2d之后到达地球.给出了一个预报地磁暴的实例.两事件的时间间隔约为28h,太阳风的速度约为1 484.1km/s.     

套管井井间电阻率测井的原理及数值计算

本以电磁场理论为基础，导出了过套管进行井间地层电阻率测井问题的理论公式，并用低频电磁波进行了数值计算，分析了套管对井间电阻率测井的影响。结果表明：用低频电磁波过套管测量地层电阻率的井间测井方法是可行的。该理论可为套管井井间地层电阻率测井仪器的研制、测井解释及井间电阻率层析成像技术提供重要的理论依据。     

北京地区哨声和VLF发射的观测

一、引言闪电所激发的连续谱电磁波,其声频部分有时可以沿地球磁埸力线传播,这样接收到的声音就是哨声。哨声有时在磁共轭点之间可来回反射多次,形成回波列。因为它带回了有关外空大气电离分布、磁埸强度等大量信息,因而成为研究磁层和外电离层的一种简便而有力的手段。甚低频(VLF)发射是由大气外层高能电离粒子流和粒子束激发的声频电磁波。它们也以哨声方式沿地磁力线传播。     

基于软件无线电的甚低频法探矿接收机

对隐伏矿体的定位预测,已成为当今社会找矿实践与勘察分析的当务之急.基于软件无线电的甚低频法探矿接收机的研制设计,为我国探矿事业的顺利发展提供了良好的催化剂.此接收机可以接收3个台、每个台3个不同的频率共9路甚低频(VLF)信号.这些信号导入地下后是一些强大的电磁波信号,经过抗混叠滤波器,A/D转换器等,最后有信号分析仪分析计算出感应电磁场的垂直分量和水平分量并判断出零交点的准确位置,最后做出相应的仿真,验证了该方法的可行性.     

水平井随钻电磁波电阻率数值模拟

随钻电磁波电阻率随着钻井技术进步市场和份额逐渐增加,由于水平井测量环境与直井存在较大差别,仪器受到影响因素也与直井不同,明确水平井中随钻电磁波电阻率的测井响应规律有助于水平井测井资料解释。依据电磁波电阻率测量原理,根据Chew理论,推导了TI介质中电磁场的波场分解,进而建立三维空间电磁波电阻率数值模拟正演方法。模拟了不同工作频率、不同相对井斜角、不同围岩电阻率以及地层界面情况下电磁波电阻率的测井响应规律。结果表明:幅度比和相位差随着地层电阻率的增大而减小,表现出与地层电阻率呈单调递减的函数关系;相位差对地层电阻率的敏感程度明显优于幅度比,适用的地层范围更大;井斜角越大,地层界面上下地层电阻率对比度越高,越容易在层界面附近产生"极化角",有助于识别地层界面;相同工作频率,围岩对幅度衰减电阻率的影响要大于相位差电阻率的影响;相同测量方式,围岩对低频工作模式的影响要大于对高频工作模式的影响;随井斜角的增大,幅度衰减电阻率与相位电阻率出现分离;工作频率越高,不同源距的电阻率值分离程度大。     

一种电磁波电阻率测井仪的设计实现

本文介绍了一种电磁波电阻率测井仪的电路实现.电磁波电阻率测井仪周期地发射特定频率的电磁波并接收回波,通过检测不同接收天线接收同一频率信号的相位差来判断地层介质的电导率.继而可以由不同地层的电阻率得到该地层的石油含量.本文讨论的电磁波电阻率测井仪经过近两年的研制,已成功制成实验样机,在同一实验井与进口测相仪器进行了测井曲线对比,得到了满意的结果.     

南海表层水温甚低频振荡的动力学机制

用一个简单的海洋模式，研究了东亚季风异常对南海表层水温（ＳＳＴ）的影响，发现南海表层水温的甚低频振荡是东亚季风异常风应力强迫所致。这种甚低频振荡主要反映在深水区，其空间分布呈椭圆形，几乎与南海海盆形状一致。从海盆中央到边缘振幅逐渐减少，ＳＳＴ的甚低频振荡是非行进波，无明显传播特征。     

水下无人潜航器远程遥控磁传感器设计

基于超/甚低频电磁波的传播特性,提出陆上发射控制指令以实现水下无人潜航器远程遥控的设想;对比分析几种水下接收天线的优缺点,提出小型化高灵敏度感应式磁传感器水下接收遥控信号的方法;为提高小型化磁传感器的灵敏度,采用纳米晶叠片磁芯降低损耗噪声,使用低噪声电子对管降低放大器电压噪声与电流噪声,通过斩波放大技术减小放大模块的1/f噪声,并优化感应线圈的设计以降低热噪声;确定了一组500mm长度磁传感器的设计参数,并仿真该参数下传感器的灵敏度,结果表明该小型化磁传感器的灵敏度满足超/甚低频段水下遥控信号接收的需求.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.