小鼠单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型心肌炎与心肌细胞凋亡和c-Myc蛋白表达的关系

为了探讨小鼠单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型心肌炎与心肌细胞凋亡和cMyc蛋白的表达的关系,给BALB/C小鼠腹腔接种单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型以诱发其急性病毒性心肌炎(VMC),感染病毒3～35天后,VMC检出率为91.67%。应用电镜、原位末端标记法(TUNEL)及免疫组化技术检测发现,感染鼠心肌中有细胞凋亡和cMyc蛋白的表达,二者阳性率分别为78.33%和81.67%,凋亡细胞阳性指数(AI)范围在34.14±11.56～26.41±10.2之间。细胞凋亡和cMyc蛋白可能参与VMC的发生与发展。     

醋制泥鳅对游泳训练并力竭小鼠心肌HGF和MHC基因表达的影响

本文探讨了醋制泥鳅对小鼠运动耐力的影响机制.将24只健康雄性ICR小鼠分为安静对照组(A组)、运动训练组(T组)、泥鳅运动组(V组).T组与V组小鼠游泳训练三周后进行力竭游泳,24 h后取材计算心系数,HE染色光镜下观察心肌组织,RT-PCR法检测心肌肝细胞生长因子(HGF)和肌球蛋白重链(MHC)基因的表达.结果表明:V组小鼠的力竭游泳时间非常显著地长于T组(P0.01);T组的心系数显著高于A组和V组(P0.05),并可见心肌细胞界限模糊、心肌纤维断裂和间质水肿,而A组与V组无明显病理表现;与A组比较,T组的HGF、β-MHC mRNA表达显著增高(P0.05)和α/β-MHC mRNA比值显著降低(P0.05),V组的HGF、MHC mRNA和α/β-MHC mRNA值差异不显著(P0.05);V组的α/β-MHC mRNA值显著高于T组(P0.05).总之,醋制泥鳅能明显提高负荷游泳训练小鼠的运动耐力,与减轻心肌损害和促进心肌MHC mRNA表达比值的稳定关系密切.     

中国恒河猴MHC Ⅰ型部分等位基因的分析

目的对中国恒河猴主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）I型部分基因进行携带情况调查与分析。方法采用序列特异性引物（PCR-SSP）分型方法对华南灵长类动物研究中心繁殖的30只谱系清晰的中国恒河猴（Macacamulatta）的32个MHC I型分子位点进行检测。结果采用的32对引物中,中国恒河猴可检出携带23个MHC I等位基因,但基因携带频率存在很大的差异,由3.57%至82.14%不等。结合遗传谱系分析,判断A1＊21和A2＊05之间以及B＊04和B＊30之间可能就是连锁的。结论中国恒河猴携带能控制病毒复制的MHC I型基因位点的频率较高,其基因携带频率与已发表的印度恒河猴携带频率存在明显差异。本研究为促进中国恒河猴在AIDS研究中的应用,以及为建立携带特定MHC I基因实验猴小种群提供了依据。     

IL-6-174G/C及CRP+1059G/C基因多态性与新疆哈萨克族代谢综合征及其组分的相关性研究

为探讨IL-6-174G/C及CRP+1059G/C基因多态性与新疆哈萨克族代谢综合征(MS)及其组分的相关性。应用PCR-RFLP方法对新疆哈萨克族MS病例组200例及对照组201例的白细胞介素6基因-174G/C位点及CRP基因+1059G/C位点进行检测。IL-6-174G/C位点MS组与对照组均以GG基因型为主,其频率分别为94%和98.5%,GC基因型频率分别为6.0%和1.5%,CC型在MS组有1例,占0.5%,在对照组未发现。G和C等位基因频率在MS组分别为97.0%和3.0%,两组基因型差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.66,P0.05)两组间等位基因频率差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.43,P0.05);CRP+1059G/C位点MS组与对照组以GG基因型为主,其频率分别为93.0%和99.0%,GC基因型频率在两组分别为7.0%和1.0%,CC纯合子基因型在两组中均未检出。G和C等位基因频率在MS组分别为96.5%和3.5%,两组基因型差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.43,P0.05),两组等位基因频率差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.24,P0.05)。IL-6-174G/C和CRP+1059G/C基因多态性与哈萨克族代谢综合征及组分有一定关联。     

血清cTnI变化对小儿病毒性心肌炎诊断价值的探讨

目的探讨病毒性心肌炎患儿血清肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）水平的动态变化及诊断价值。方法对近5年来收治的病毒性心肌炎患儿60例分别于入院后2h、24h、72h、7d抽取肘静脉血对其血清中cTnI和肌酸肌酶一肌酸肌酶同工酶（ck-MB）浓度进行测定，同时观察其动态水平变化。结果血清中cTnI和ck-MB均升高。但cTnI较ck-MB有出现时间早，诊断时间窗更宽等特点，在评价心肌损伤敏感度方面：cTnI优于ck-MB（P＜0.01）。结论血清cTnI水平可反映病毒性心肌炎患儿心肌损伤程度，是一个较理想的反映心肌损伤的标志物，可作为诊断小儿病毒性心肌炎的主要诊断指标。     

病毒性心肌炎患者血清三种特异性蛋白临床应用分析

探讨肌钙蛋白 (cTnl)、肌红蛋白 (Mb)、肌酸激酶同工酶 (CKMB)在病毒性心肌炎 (VMC)患者血清中的变化及诊断价值。甘肃省中医学院对 5 8例VMC患者血清的三种特异性蛋白质进行动态检测 ,并与CK、CKMB比较。发现VMC组入院初采集的血样中CTn1、Mb、CK、CKMB显著高于对照组 (P 相似文献   

黑米花青素对高脂膳食小鼠的空间学习记忆能力的影响

探讨高脂膳食对C57BL/6小鼠以及黑米花青素对高脂膳食小鼠的空间学习记忆能力的影响。将48只小鼠随机分成对照组(正常膳食),高脂对照组(膳食中含w=15%猪油),高脂低剂量黑米花青素组(膳食中含w=15%猪油、w=40mg/kg黑米花青素)和高脂高剂量黑米花青素组(膳食中含w=15%猪油、w=200mg/kg黑米花青素)。12周后通过Morris水迷宫实验评价小鼠的空间学习记忆能力,检测小鼠血清总胆固醇和总甘油三酯,小鼠海马体中氧化应激指标、单胺类神经递质含量以及炎症相关因子基因的mRNA表达水平。研究发现,高脂膳食的小鼠空间学习记忆能力显著下降(P<0.05),血清总胆固醇和总甘油三酯含量显著增加(P<0.05),海马组织中的SOD(superoxide dismutase)和GSH-Px(glutathione peroxidase)活力显著降低(P<0.05),MDA(malondialdehyde)含量显著升高(P<0.05),炎症因子TNFα、COX-2、IL-1β基因表达水平均显著提高(P<0.05)。通过黑米花青素干预后小鼠的空间学习记忆能力显著提升(P<0.05),海马体的氧化应激状况得到显著改善(P<0.05),炎症相关因子基因的表达均显著下调(P<0.05)。结果表明,高脂饮食能够导致慢性氧化应激,损伤小鼠海马依赖的空间学习记忆等认知能力。黑米花青素可以改善海马体的氧化应激状态,提高SOD和GSH-Px活力,降低MDA的生成,下调炎症相关因子基因的表达水平,从而改善了小鼠的空间学习记忆能力。     

Smyd2基因敲除加重压力超负荷诱导的病理性心肌肥厚

目的 探讨组蛋白甲基转移酶Smyd2基因敲除对压力超负荷诱导的病理性心肌肥厚发生发展的影响。方法 将10只野生型小鼠和10只Smyd2基因敲除小鼠采取主动脉弓结扎术建立小鼠病理性心肌肥厚模型,术后4周超声检测心脏结构和功能,并通过组织学病理染色评价心肌肥厚和纤维化的程度。结果 主动脉弓结扎术4周后,与野生型小鼠相比,Smyd2基因敲除小鼠的心肌肥厚和心脏纤维化程度加重,超声结果显示,Smyd2敲除加重了压力负荷导致的心脏功能受损。结论 Smyd2敲除加重压力负荷导致的病理性心肌肥厚和心肌纤维化,导致心脏功能受损。     

SLC30A8基因rs13266634多态性与中国东乡族2型糖尿病的关系

明确溶质载体家族30成员8(SLC30A8)基因rs13266634单核苷酸多态性(SNP)在中国东乡族的分布及其与2型糖尿病的关系。应用聚合酶链反应–限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法对中国东乡族人群rs13266634的基因型进行分析。2型糖尿病组(T2DM组)rs13266634的CC基因型频率、C等位基因的频率均显著高于正常对照组(NC组)(P0.05),C等位基因携带者患2型糖尿病的风险是T等位基因的1.62倍(OR=1.62,95%CI为1.13~2.31)。中国东乡族人群存在SLC30A8基因rs13266634位点变异,其C等位基因是2型糖尿病的风险等位基因,SLC30A8基因是中国东乡族人群2型糖尿病的易感基因之一。     

白鹭MHCⅡDABⅠ基因第二外显子的多态性与进化

克隆测序白鹭(Egretta garzetta)5个种群138份个体组织样本的主要组织相容性复合体Ⅱ类B基因(MHCⅡDABⅠ)第二外显子(exon2)序列,分析探讨exon2的多态性、进化选择、系统关系和种群遗传结构.主要结果如下:白鹭MHCⅡDABⅠexon2序列长度为270bp,共计定义了139个等位基因;序列分析显示exon2有101个核苷酸变异位点(37.4%)和31个氨基酸变异位点(34.4%);基于贝叶斯法构建的系统树显示白鹭MHCⅡDABⅠexon2有5个高支持率的谱系;肽结合位点(PBR)、非肽结合位点(non-PBR)的非同义替换率(dN)和同义替换率(dS)比值计算显示,PBR的dN/dS为1.99(p0.05),而non-PBR的dN/dS则略小于1(p0.05),表明白鹭MHCⅡDABⅠexon2受到正选择作用;根据等位基因在群体中的分布频率作分子方差分析(AMOVA),得到群体间分化指数(FST)为0.194 1(p0.000 1),提示白鹭MHCⅡDABⅠexon2存在显著的种群遗传结构分化.     

Susceptibility to murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis maps to class I MHC genes--a model for MHC/disease associations

Susceptibility to some human diseases is linked, albeit weakly, to major transplantation antigens (HLA) encoded by the major histocompatibility gene complex (MHC). Here we have studied MHC/disease association in inbred strains of mice after intracerebral (i.c.) injection of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). This route of infection leads to a lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) which is not the result of direct cytopathic effects of the virus but is caused by the induced T-cell immune response: immunocompetent mice die whereas T-cell-deficient mice survive. By using two plaque variants of LCMV strain UBC (refs 7,8), we found that susceptibility to LCM was dependent on the LCMV strain used ('aggressive' versus 'docile' UBC-LCMV) and on the various genes of the host mouse strains. In addition, susceptibility to LCM caused by docile UBC-LCMV was clearly linked to the murine major histocompatibility locus H-2D: in MHC-congeneic C57BL/10 mice, susceptibility correlated with early onset and high activity of measurable LCMV-specific cytotoxic T cells in meninges and spleens and could be mapped to H-2D. This model shows that a severe immunopathologically mediated clinical disease in mice can be regulated directly by MHC genes of class I type and supports the notion that many MHC/disease associations directly reflect MHC-restricted and MHC-regulated T-cell reactivity.     

GRTH基因SNPrs551373与严重少精症的相关性

目的：研究GRTH基因的单核苷酸多态位点（SNP）rs551373（G〉T）的多态性与严重少精症的关系。方法：用PCR—RFLP技术,在119例严重少精症患者和252个正常生育男性中,对SNPrs551373的基因频率和基因型频率的分布进行调查。结果：严重少精症患者中基因型GG的频率明显低于正常男性（72．3％vs．83．3％,降0．013,OR=0．503,95％CI0．299～0．848）;而等位基因T（13．7％vs．8．7％,P=0．021,OR=1．742,95％CI1．082～2．807）和基因型GT（26．9％vs．15．9％,P=0．012,OR=1．949,95％CI1．150～3．304）的频率则显著高于正常男性。结论：GRTH基因的SNPrS551373的多态性与严重少精症的易感性相关。     

近交系小鼠微卫星DNA引物的筛选和Tm值优化研究

目的通过对近交系小鼠微卫星引物的筛选和Tm值优化研究,以探索小鼠DNA多态性检测方法。方法随机选用32对位于小鼠不同染色体的微卫星引物,用PCR扩增方法对常用C57BL/6、C3H、BALB/c、DBA/2、129、FVB及SCID近交系小鼠DNA多态性进行扩增和电泳分析,并对其中25对引物的Tm值进行优化。结果 25对引物可稳定扩增,2对引物在不同品系小鼠间表现为单态性,23对引物在不同品系间呈多态性,10对引物呈显著多态性(3～4个态性)。结论所筛选和优化的25对微卫星引物,对不同品系小鼠DNA可稳定扩增,其电泳结果具有较高的DNA多态性,可反映不同品系小鼠的遗传概貌。     

鱼类MHC基因的研究进展

MHC是高度多态的基因群，广泛分布于各种脊椎动物体内，其除了具有免疫功能外，还在其它许多方面起作用．由于MHC基因的多态性，使其在脊椎动物的遗传、进化、行为、保护及生态等许多方面的研究倍受关注．综述了自鱼类MHC基因的研究起步以来，国内外有关该基因的研究报道，包括其结构、功能和遗传特性等，并对其在鱼类种群遗传学及遗传育种中的应用前景做了展望．     

中国南方汉族人群Clara细胞蛋白基因38A/G多态性和COPD易感性的关系

目的:研究C lara细胞蛋白(CC16)基因的38A/G多态性与中国南方汉族人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的相关性。方法:在广州城区和韶关农村流行病学调查人群中经严格配对选取COPD患者与非COPD受试者共332例作为研究对象,采用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)方法,检测两组CC16的各种基因型和等位基因频率。结果:COPD与非COPD组CC16基因第1外显子第38位点的基因型频率和等位基因频率分布差异无显著性(AA基因型频率:17.5%vs 17.5%;GG基因型频率:34.9%vs 42.8%;AG基因型频率:47.6%vs 39.7%;等位基因A频率:41.3%vs 37.3%;等位基因G频率:58.7%vs 62.7%)。结论:CC16基因第1外显子38A/G多态性可能与我国南方汉族人群COPD的易感性无关。     

An explanation for the protective effect of the MHC class II I-E molecule in murine diabetes

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is widely believed to be an autoimmune disease. Recent onset diabetics show destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cells associated with a lymphocytic infiltrate (insulitis), with autoantibodies to beta-cells being found even before the onset of symptoms. Susceptibility to the disease is strongly influenced by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II polymorphism in both man and experimental animal models such as the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse. As MHC class II molecules are usually associated with dominant immune responsiveness, it was surprising that introduction of a transgenic class II molecule, I-E, protected NOD mice from insulitis and diabetes. This could be explained by a change either in the target tissue or in the T cells presumed to be involved in beta-cell destruction. Recently, several studies have shown that I-E molecules are associated with ontogenetic deletion of T cells bearing antigen/MHC receptors encoded in part by certain T-cell receptor V beta gene segments. To determine the mechanism of the protective effect of I-E, we have produced cloned CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell lines from islets of recently diabetic NOD mice. These cloned lines are islet-specific and pathogenic in both I-E- and I-E+ mice. Both CD4+ and CD8+ cloned T cells bear receptors encoded by a V beta 5 gene segment, known to be deleted during development in I-E expressing mice. Our data provide, therefore, an explanation for the puzzling effect of I-E on susceptibility to diabetes in NOD mice.     

Localization of type 1 diabetes susceptibility to the MHC class I genes HLA-B and HLA-A

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6 is associated with susceptibility to more common diseases than any other region of the human genome, including almost all disorders classified as autoimmune. In type 1 diabetes the major genetic susceptibility determinants have been mapped to the MHC class II genes HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 (refs 1-3), but these genes cannot completely explain the association between type 1 diabetes and the MHC region. Owing to the region's extreme gene density, the multiplicity of disease-associated alleles, strong associations between alleles, limited genotyping capability, and inadequate statistical approaches and sample sizes, which, and how many, loci within the MHC determine susceptibility remains unclear. Here, in several large type 1 diabetes data sets, we analyse a combined total of 1,729 polymorphisms, and apply statistical methods-recursive partitioning and regression-to pinpoint disease susceptibility to the MHC class I genes HLA-B and HLA-A (risk ratios >1.5; P(combined) = 2.01 x 10(-19) and 2.35 x 10(-13), respectively) in addition to the established associations of the MHC class II genes. Other loci with smaller and/or rarer effects might also be involved, but to find these, future searches must take into account both the HLA class II and class I genes and use even larger samples. Taken together with previous studies, we conclude that MHC-class-I-mediated events, principally involving HLA-B*39, contribute to the aetiology of type 1 diabetes.     

HBK - SPF 鸭 MHC I 区域微卫星标记分析

摘要: 禽主要组织相容性复合体是一组紧密连锁高度多态的基因群,与免疫反应或敏感性密切相关,鸭 MHC I 区域全长 36. 8 kb,由 TAP1、TAP2 和 5 个 MHC I 拷贝基因( UAA-UEA) 组成。HBK-SPF 鸭是中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所培育的无特定病原体种鸭,分为 B 和 Q 2 个品系,已封闭繁育了 7 个世代。本文在鸭 MHC I 区域筛选了 4个微卫星位点,通过单链构象多态性分析和聚合酶链式反应直接测序,发现 A 位点具有多态性,为( GT) n 的重复结构,第 6 代 HBK-B 和 HBK-Q 的31 个个体和第 7 代 的140 个个体进行聚合酶链式反应,结果直接测序,在重复结构之前的 108bp 中,发现了 4 种纯合单倍型和 6 种杂合单倍型; B 位点未得到目的产物; C 位点位于 MHC I 拷贝基因UDA 和 UEA 之间,扩增结果与 UAA 和 UBA 之间序列高度同源,无法判断基因型; D 位点表现为单态,为( ATA) 15的固定重复结构。本研究为进一步研究鸭 MHC I 基因结构和建立家系提供了依据。     

CYP1A1基因Ile-Val和Msp1位点多态性与结直肠癌易感性研究

目的探讨细胞色素P450(CYP1A1)基因异亮氨酸(Ile)-缬氨酸(Val)位点和Msp1位点多态性和结直肠癌的相关关系.方法以病例对照的研究方法,采用PCR-RFLP和AS-PCR技术检测79例结直肠癌和110例对照者的CYP1A1基因Ile-val位点和Msp1位点多态性.结果 Ile-Va三种多态基因型在结直肠癌组和对照组分布差异有显著性(P<0.05),Ile/Val,Val/Val基因型在结直肠癌组的分布频率明显高于对照组;Ile/Val,Val/Val基因型患结直肠癌的危险分别是Ile/Ile基因型的2.113倍和4.203倍;当按吸烟分层后(将Ile/Val,Val/Val基因型合并分析),吸烟组中Ile/Val、Val/Val合并基因型患结直肠癌的危险是Ile/Ile基因型的2.98倍(P<0.05);Msp1位点多态性在结直肠癌和对照组差异无统计学意义.结论 CYP1A1第7外显子的Ile/Val,Val/Val基因型与结直肠癌的易感性有关,突变基因型增加了结直肠癌的患病风险;尚不能认为Msp1多态性与结直肠癌的易感性有关.     

Susceptibility of beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mice to Trypanosoma cruzi infection.

The beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) protein associates with the products of the class I major histocompatibility (MHC) loci; this combination functions in the thymic development of and antigen presentation to CD8+ T cells. Mice in which the beta 2m gene has been disrupted by homologous recombination fail to express class I MHC gene products, and therefore lack CD8+ T cells and measurable cytotoxic T-cell responses. However, beta 2m- mice appear to have normal development of both CD4+ alpha/beta T-cell receptor (TCR+) and gamma/delta TCR+ T cells and are not overtly more susceptible than beta 2m+ mice to potential environmental agents of infection or to experimental viral infection. Here we show that beta 2m- mice suffer high parasitaemias and early death when infected with the obligate cytoplasmic protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Despite this increased susceptibility, the beta 2m- mice are more responsive than their beta 2m+ littermates in terms of lymphokine production, making higher levels of both interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma in response to mitogen stimulation. In addition, the beta 2m- mice show essentially no inflammatory response in parasite-infected tissues. These results confirm previous experiments on mice depleted of CD8+ cells using antibody treatment in demonstrating the importance of CD8+ T cells in immune protection in T. cruzi infection. They also implicate CD8+ T cells and/or class I MHC molecules in regulation of lymphokine production and recruitment of inflammatory cells.