基于视频图像序列的动态物体跟踪定位算法的研究

视频图像动态物体跟踪的算法是计算机视觉的核心课题之一,具有重要的理论意义和广泛的实用价值。本文提出了一种改进的三帧差分的运动目标实时检测算法,对3帧连续的边缘图像进行3帧差分运算,最后通过阈值分割和形态学处理完成对目标的提取。该方法计算简单,实验结果表明该方法能对运动目标进行准确检测,且具有很好的鲁棒性。此外,利用基于物体特征的轨迹记录算法清晰的记录了物体的行进轨迹。实验证明,该算法在运动物体实时检测和跟踪方面有效可行。     

自适应Kalman滤波的运动物体跟踪算法研究

针对实时视频中的运动物体跟踪问题,提出了一种基于自适应Kalman滤波的运动物体跟踪新算法。首先利用基于∑-△背景估计算法检测运动物体,并提取主要颜色特征。然后构建物体运动模型,并生成自适应Kalman滤波的系统状态模型。最后利用主要颜色特征进行物体跟踪,其结果反馈给自适应Kalman滤波器,并通过遮挡率自动调整参数达到正确跟踪。实验结果表明,所提出的自适应Kalman滤波算法在运动物体被遮挡等复杂条件下的鲁棒性好,还具有跟踪准确性高和数据计算量小等优点,可用于实时运动物体的检测与跟踪。     

基于随机森林的长期目标跟踪方法

结合正负样本相互作用思想和随机森林算法构建检测器,融合基于LK光流法的跟踪器,提出一种基于TLD(Tracking Learning Detecting)的随机森林长期目标跟踪方法。将该方法与Mean-Shift算法、TLD算法进行对比,结果表明该算法能很好应对目标丢失、遮挡情况,准确率在93%以上。在多种情况下对该方法进行实验验证,可实现刚性物体和非刚性物体在复杂背景下的长时间精确跟踪。     

基于改进卷积神经网络的在线视觉目标跟踪方法

针对基于神经网络的在线目标跟踪方法容易丢失历史信息的问题,提出了一种基于改进卷积神经网络的在线视觉目标跟踪方法.首先利用卷积神经网络来表示物体的外观,基于树结构用多个卷积神经网络协作来估计目标物体的状态,并且为在线模型的更新设定理想路径.其次,通过维护树结构中不同分支的多个卷积神经网络来有效处理物体外观的多模态,并通过树路径的平滑更新来维持模型的可靠性,同时在卷积层共享所有的参数,从而以最小的额外代价充分发挥多模型的优势.最后在多模型状态附近进行抽样,依据加权平均确定最佳样本估计值.仿真实验表明,与现有算法相比,该算法具有更好的在线跟踪性能.     

Mean-Shift跟踪算法研究及LabVIEW实现

介绍了Mean-Shift目标跟踪算法的基本原理,针对核函数带宽在跟踪过程中固定不变的问题,给出了改进的Camshift方法,同时,讨论了基于Kalman滤波的目标模型更新算法。利用LabVIEW实现了Mean-Shift目标跟踪算法,实验表明该方法可以对室外场景单个物体和多个物体进行跟踪,可以应用于视频监控领域。     

一种基于综合特征评估的运动目标跟踪算法

提出一种基于在线综合直方图特征评估的运动目标跟踪算法.首先,通过融合颜色直方图和梯度方向直方图,形成一种新的综合直方图特征集,在物体的表达过程中有效融合和强化物体的颜色和轮廓描述;其次,为了实现长时间的稳定跟踪以及适应跟踪过程中物体和背景的连续变化,提出了一种新的跟踪物体权值评估算法,使可信特征在跟踪中起到更大的作用.复杂背景下的实验验证了该算法的有效性.     

飞行器航迹角系统有限时间跟踪自适应迭代学习控制

针对不确定飞行器航迹角系统航迹倾角的跟踪控制问题，给出了有限时间跟踪控制的自适应迭代学习控制(AILC)方法。通过控制输入量舵面偏角来控制飞行器航迹倾角，使得飞行器航迹倾角的跟踪误差在有限时间内收敛于零，其中引入了典型的收敛级数来处理模型中的不确定部分，并利用李雅普诺夫(Lyapunov)稳定性定理给出了严格的稳定性分析。最后通过数值仿真验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于Camshift的目标跟踪和游戏控制器的设计与实现

以Mean-Shift算法思想为基础,通过对连续的图像序列做Mean-Shift处理,并以前一帧的输出结果作为后一帧的输入,即Camshift,实现对运动物体的跟踪并监测被跟踪物体的运动状态.根据该状态发送相应的键盘按键消息,以达到模拟键盘控制游戏的目的.程序实现了对单个物体、两个物体的跟踪控制,其中对两个物体的同时跟踪,可以根据被跟踪物体的运动状态进行组合,模拟更丰富的消息.实验表明,Camshift算法可以较好地工作,得到满意的跟踪结果.     

一种改进的基于统计的阴影检测方法

阴影检测与抑制是视频处理系统不可或缺的环节。该环节将直接影响目标跟踪、物体识别等的精确性。常用的阴影检测算法很难同时解决好阴影的误检和漏检这一对矛盾问题。本文根据Gabor滤波器在空间域上可选带宽和方向的特性,并结合基于统计的方法来实现阴影检测。这种方法的优点是综合考虑了亮度、色差和纹理特性,从而能优化阴影检测效果。     

一种改进的Camshift算法及其ARM实现

基于视频序列的运动目标跟踪在安防、军事等领域用途广泛,针对传统Camshift算法易受颜色相近物体的干扰、丢失目标的情况,提出了一种改进的Camshift算法;该算法检测SIFT特征点,并进行FREAK特征匹配,通过判断每一帧跟踪结果的跟踪精度修正跟踪矩形框,从而改善跟踪精度。为便于工程应用,在Linux系统上进行了算法移植,实现了基于ARM的运动目标跟踪系统。实验结果证实改进算法对部分遮挡、颜色相近干扰等情况具有稳定性,能够实现对运动目标的准确跟踪。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with