管片衬砌可靠度分析实用方法研究

由于盾构隧道管片衬砌结构形式的特殊性,可靠度分析中仅采用截面承载力极限状态方程作为功能函数不够全面,故文中提出管片可靠度分析应采用双功能函数,即增选管片裂缝宽度控制方程作为第二功能函数.考虑到随机变量的非正态分布和功能函数的高度非线性,常规一次二阶矩法精度较低,提出采用映射变换和二次二阶矩相结合的方法进行管片衬砌可靠度分析.实例表明:双功能函数相互补充,可保证结构的安全可靠,映射变换和二次二阶矩结合分析法清晰简便,能较好地解决功能函数高度非线性、随机变量非正态分布等问题.     

化工设备失效概率JC修正模型研究

由数据库统计所得的设备通用失效概率,是在设备各失效模式下的参数变量均达到各自均值时所对应的失效概率.本文针对基于风险的检测技术(RBI)设备修正因子的应用缺陷,结合结构可靠度理论,分析均值一次二阶矩法在实际应用过程中的局限性,建立了基于当量正态化(JC)法的通用失效概率修正模型.实例分析表明,JC法考虑了随机变量的实际分布类型,能较准确地预测设备的失效情况.     

岩土体结构失稳概率的二次二阶矩评估方法

常规二次二阶矩可靠性方法只适用于功能函数偏导数(一阶和二阶)能够简便地由解析法求解的工程,使得其难以解决复杂岩土体结构的稳定可靠度问题.针对这一局限,基于数值差分原理,导出功能函数在验算点处各阶导数近似表达式,结合随机变量在X空间和Y空间的变换,构建了基于差分方法的梯度矢量数值求解工具;以该工具置换Breitung二次二阶矩方法中的梯度计算准则,形成一种适用于任意形式功能函数的二次二阶矩可靠度算法,消除了经典方法的局限;利用所提方法解决了功能函数为隐式和未知形式的边坡可靠度问题,展示了该方法解决复杂岩土体结构概率稳定性问题的能力,并同时在基准Y空间内建议了具有普遍意义的合适步长系数值0.01.     

基于双判据失效准则的结构可靠度计算方法

根据结构可靠指标的几何意义,建立了基于R6双判据失效准则下正态随机变量和非正态随机变量的结构可靠度计算的优化模型,并利用基于最优化原理的Monte Carlo法对其求解,无需对非线性功能函数作线性化近似处理,也减少了迭代次数,在概率断裂失效判据上进行改进,从而提高了结构可靠度的计算精度,扩大了其适用范围,为结构可靠度分析提供了一种思路.     

可靠度指标的等步长求法及其收敛性证明

针对现有一次二阶矩法进行可靠性指标求解不能保证收敛的情况,提出一个等步长迭代模式进行修正,克服了传统方法的不足,从而增大了二阶矩法求解可靠性指标的应用范围.给出了该方法的通用迭代过程,利用可靠度指标在标准正态空间中的几何意义,分别对极限状态面为凸、凹、平坦的情况,进行了该方法收敛性的证明,并提出了确定迭代步长的建议算法.通过实例,分析验证了该迭代方法的可行性.     

结构可靠度的一种计算方法

提出一种推广一次二阶矩法的算法,解决了关于相关正态随机向量的非线性极限状态方程下结构可靠度计算问题,在理论上论证了方法的可行性,实例计算表明了方法的有效性。     

含随机-区间耦合变量的结构可靠性分析方法

分析了随机-区间耦合不确定性结构的可靠性问题.根据变量耦合性质的不同,将问题划为4类,并建立了相应的可靠度指标.第1类为含有随机-区间相关变量的结构且随机变量概型受区间变量实现值影响;第2类为含有随机-区间相关变量的结构且区间变量特征参数受随机变量实现值影响;第3类为含有随机变量的结构且分布参数包含不确定性参数(如随机参数或区间参数);第4类为含有区间变量的结构且区间变量特征参数(如均值或离差)具有随机性的情形.最后通过算例,对所提4类模型和指标进行了应用示例和合理性验证.     

考虑失效模式相关性的机械系统可靠性分析

考虑失效模式相关性对机械系统可靠性的影响,提出了一种基于FORM(first order reliability methods)近似的系统可靠性分析方法及其实施流程.采用FORM计算系统各失效模式的可靠度和灵敏度,在此基础上,获得用于衡量失效模式相关性的相关系数矩阵.将系统可靠性模型求解转化为多维正态积分计算,进而采用高效的近似方法获得系统可靠度.给出失效模式灵敏度和随机变量灵敏度的定义及其相应的计算方法.算例结果表明:该方法能够获得较为准确的系统可靠度,且具有较高的计算效率,能够有效识别关键失效模式和随机影响因素.     

深层搅拌桩复合地基沉降可靠性分析

在深层搅拌桩复合地基传统沉降分析的基础上,考虑影响复合地基沉降的众多不确定性因素,建立了复合地基沉降可靠度分析模型;将任意分布的随机变量映射为标准正态随机变量,从正态空间中可靠度指标的几何意义出发,建立了可靠度指标求解的优化模型,并利用Matlab优化工具箱的优化功能求解,得到可靠度指标及验算点坐标;结合具体工程实例分析了各随机变量的变异性对复合地基沉降可靠度的影响。     

基于模糊可靠度的机械零件设计

依据模糊数学原理将模糊可靠性问题转化为常规可靠性问题来计算机械零件的模糊可靠性。将模糊集合理论应用机械零件的可靠性设计中,对隶属函数的选择进行了分析。推导了模糊可靠度的计算模型。通过将非正态分布变量在设计点做当量正态变换来求解结构的安全指标和失效概率。通过算例对模型进行了验证。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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