冲激噪声背景下基于虚拟阵列变换的DOA估计

目前,大多数的DOA(direction of arrival)估计算法是应用在高斯噪声环境下的.随着冲激噪声的应用越来越广泛,利用虚拟阵列变换的方法,解决了在冲激噪声背景下对任意阵列进行DOA估计的问题.该方法将任意阵列虚拟成等距均匀线阵,使其阵列流型具有Vandermonde矩阵形式.然后结合分数低阶矩的特点,利用FLOM-MUSIC算法对来波方向进行有效的估计.经计算机仿真,证明了该方法的有效性.     

冲击噪声背景下的虚拟空间平滑算法

为解决在冲击噪声背景和相干信源条件下,高斯白噪声的相干信源DOA(Direction-Of-Arrival)估计算法失效的问题,提出了基于虚拟空间平滑共变系数矩阵(ROC-VSS:RObust Covariation-Based Virtual Spatial Smoothing)的DOA估计算法.该算法以虚拟空间平滑...     

SαS噪声环境下的宽带信号二维波达方向估计算法

为克服在SαS噪声环境下的DOA估计方法没有考虑宽带信号的情况,在分析SαS噪声环境下宽带信号阵列输出矩阵性质的基础上,将时域方法与频域方法有机结合起来,通过构造L型阵列的各频带的分数阶累计量,将一维宽带信号阵列模型拓展到二维,并利用CSM聚焦算法,通过k个聚焦矩阵T(fk)把不同频率处的方向矩阵变换到同一参考频率f0下的矩阵,采用改进的分数低阶矩阵(MFLOM)来作为共变矩阵的估计子.实现了SαS噪声环境下的宽带信号的二维波达角估计,通过仿真分析证明了该算法的有效性.     

基于子空间辨识的DOA和频率联合估计算法

针对阵列信号波达方向(DOA)和频率联合估计计算量大、参数配对较困难等问题,提出了一种基于子空间辨识方法的DOA和频率联合估计算法.该算法构造了一个特殊的状态空间模型,并通过选取辅助矩阵来抑制噪声.由子空间辨识方法得到广义可观测矩阵的估计值,再利用总体最小二乘(TLS)方法得到系统矩阵的估计值,由系统矩阵得到DOA和频率的估计值.该方法具有参数自动配对和计算量小的特点.计算机仿真验证了该算法的有效性.     

α稳定噪声下最小均方Sigmoid误差自适应时间延迟估计

为解决脉冲噪声下最小均方误差自适应时间延迟估计算法估计性能的退化问题,以对称α稳定分布模型描述脉冲噪声,提出最小均方Sigmoid误差自适应时间延迟估计算法.该算法通过对误差信号求取Sigmoid变换,抑制了较大误差对估计结果的影响.以最小均方Sigmoid误差代替最小均方误差作为优化准则,迭代模拟信道延迟效应的滤波器权系数,其收敛时峰值的位置就是所要估计的时间延迟.仿真结果验证了该算法在高斯和非高斯对称α稳定分布噪声条件下的优良估计性能,说明最小均方Sigmoid误差是一种韧性的最优准则.     

面向多声源的压缩感知麦克风阵列的波达方向估计

在语音识别、说话人识别等语音交互应用领域中,麦克风阵列常常工作于多声源工作场景,因而需要更高的波达方向(DOA)估计分辨性能.压缩感知(CS)的DOA估计算法可将声源定位的问题转化成稀疏信号的重构问题,进而提高在高混响、低信噪比环境下的DOA估计性能.基于这一思想,将CS方法应用于多声源方位估计.考虑到传统的基于CS的DOA估计算法利用实测声源传输响应作为混合矩阵时,会因噪声的存在而导致多声源条件下的匹配程度下降,提出了利用基于阵列各阵元之间时延关系所生成的不同方位的声源传输响应来构造CS混合矩阵,即构造房间冲激响应CS(CRR-CS)的DOA估计算法,从而实现多声源的DOA稀疏恢复.通过实验验证了该方法优于传统方法,能更好地实现定位.     

基于四阶累积量虚拟阵列扩展的DOA估计

针对Music-like方法能很好地扩展阵列孔径,但计算量较大的问题,提出了一种虚拟阵列扩展的新方法。该方法基于四阶累积量孔径扩展的性质,由实际阵元的坐标与方向矢量直接计算出虚拟阵元的坐标与方向矢量,利用两种阵元坐标之间的关系构造四阶协方差矩阵,运用MUSIC(Mu ltip le S ignal C lassification)算法对非高斯独立信号源进行DOA(D irection of Arrival)估计。该方法在任意阵列的情况下,对非高斯独立信号源进行一维与二维DOA估计,均能准确估计出多于实际阵元数目的方向角与仰角。实验表明,对一N元阵列,该方法最多能够扩展N2-N 1个虚拟阵元,能够估计出N2-N个非高斯独立信源,提高了阵列的空间分辨能力,有效抑制了高斯噪声的干扰,减少了高阶累积量协方差矩阵的计算量。     

基于重构噪声子空间的相干信号DOA估计

传统DOA(direction of arrival)估计算法无法处理相干信号,因此提出一种基于重构噪声子空间的高精度DOA估计算法.该算法利用阵元接收数据的自协方差与互协方差信息构造成增广矩阵作为新的协方差矩阵,对该矩阵进行奇异值分解得到相应的噪声子空间和特征值矩阵.为了获得更精确的信号向量,重构一个由新特征值矩阵对应的特征向量所组成的噪声子空间.最后通过谱峰搜索得到DOA估计值.算法不影响对非相干信号估计的效果,并且比IMMUSIC(improved multiple signal classification)算法具有更高的估计精度,在低信噪比及信号入射间隔较小的情况下也有良好的准确性.仿真结果表明,提出的改进算法在低信噪比及低采样快拍数的条件下,能有效估计出相干信号的波达方向.     

一种改进的最大熵方法在船舶辐射噪声盲分离中的应用

对于船舶辐射噪声信号的盲信号分离(BSS)问题，由于常用的最小互信息(MMI)方法需要估计输出信号的高阶累积量，这对于非高斯、非平稳的船舶辐射噪声来说信号估计的精度将会降低．为此，本文验证了最大熵(ME)方法在处理此类复杂信号时能作为最佳对比函数的条件，并在此基础上用高斯混合模型来估计信号的概率分布，提高了信号概率密度估计的精度；同时在算法的迭代过程中使用自然梯度下降法代替随机梯度下降法，提高了算法的收敛速度．通过对船舶辐射噪声信号的盲分离实验，证明了此分离算法是有效的．     

基于四阶累积量的MIMO雷达空间平滑角度估计算法

针对MIMO雷达系统的多目标DOA估计问题,本文提出了一种基于四阶累积量的双向空间平滑算法。当目标数多于发射阵元数,接收信号发生相干现象使普通子空间类算法可估计DOA数受到限制。本文提出的算法通过对接收信号构造四阶累积量矩阵,并对构造的矩阵做子阵空间平滑处理,在接收阵元足够多的情况下,可估计比发射阵元数更多的目标,并且在高斯白噪声下和高斯色噪声背景下均具有有良好的DOA估计性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with