β—glucuronidase基因在水稻植株中的表达

采用花粉管通道法，将带β－ｇｌｕｃｕｒｏｎｉｄａｓｅ（ＧＵＳ）基因的ｐＢＩ１２１质粒ＤＮＡ导入栽培稻农垦５８。用荧光法检测ＧＵＳ活性，证明ＧＵＳ基因在水稻转基因植株中得到表达。Ｄｏｔ ｂｌｏｔ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ的结果表明经花粉管通道途径导入的外源ＤＮＡ整合到了转基因植株的基因组中，本文还对转基因植株后代的各种变异进行了讨论。     

苜蓿花叶病毒复制酶基因全长cDNA植物表达载体的构建和对烟草的转化

将苜蓿花叶病毒中国分离株(Alfalfa mosaic virus Chinese isolate，A1MV-Ch)的复制酶P2亚基(90 kD蛋白)基因的全长cDNA构建到植物表达载体pROKⅡ中，得到重组植物表达载体pAIMV-FL．用三亲融合法导入农杆菌LBA4404，并转化烟草，经PCR检测，获得了含全长cDNA的转基因烟草植抹．     

经大豆DNA溶液处理后选育的变异水稻基因组RAPD分析

利用花粉管通道法和浸种及苗期浇灌法,将供体大豆DNA直接导入受体水稻,获得两种水稻变异株系。采用RAPD技术对供体大豆、受体水稻和两种水稻变异株系的基因组进行了多态性分析。所用31种10碱基随机引物中有24种扩增出清晰的DNA条带。分析比较了4个样品DNA扩增条带的相似率。根据试验结果分析,外源大豆DNA导入受体水稻能引起后代基因DNA序列变化,扩大水稻的遗传组成;作者还分析了由外源大豆DNA导入引起受体水稻产生变异现象的原因。     

利用目的基因转化技术培育棉花抗病新品种

用花粉管通道法将菜豆几丁质酶基因与烟草β－1、3葡聚糖酶基因双价植物表达载体pBLGC导入新疆棉花主栽品种（系）系550、822、1304、石远321。通过卡那霉素检测、PCR－Southern验证、抗黄萎病、枯萎病性筛选，得到抗病性良好且遗传性稳定的转基因棉花。经过6年10个世代的选育，育成抗枯萎病、抗（耐）黄萎病的转基因抗病新品系。     

外源基因1Dx5在转基因小麦后代中的表达

采用PCR和SDS-PAGE技术,分析研究了转基因小麦后代外源品质基因1Dx5的遗传分离及表达规律,结果显示:转基因小麦后代的遗传分离完全符合孟得尔遗传分离规律,转基因植株都达到了纯合状态,1Dx5基因在转基因植株中已经稳定整合并稳定遗传,并发现了超表达的差异表达现象,在转基因植株中没有发现基因沉默现象.     

菠萝DNA导入黄瓜的初步研究

以菠萝为供体,黄瓜为受体,应用花粉管通道导入外源ＤＮＡ技术,在黄瓜自花授粉后直接导入菠萝ＤＮＡ,导入后代在产量、糖分含量等性状上产生了变异。结果表明：利用花粉管通道直接导入外源ＤＮＡ是改良黄瓜品种的有效技术,这一技术将在作物品种改良及远缘杂交方面起着非常重要的作用。     

利用人内皮抑素基因构建植物表达载体及对烟草的遗传转化

将人内皮抑素(endostatin)基因重组于植物双元表达载体pGA 643,得到重组质粒pGE.用三亲融合法将其导入农杆菌LBA 4404中,采用叶盘法转化烟草,经诱导与筛选,获得了卡那霉素抗性植株.提取抗性植株总DNA,通过PCR扩增和Sou thern杂交检测,筛选出了整合有外源基因的转化植株.为进一步研究人内皮抑素在烟草中的表达及生物学功能奠定了基础.     

苜蓿花叶病毒RNA23''''端cDNA转基因烟草的研究

将克隆的苜蓿花叶病毒中国分离株(AIMV—Ch)RNA23′端cDNA重组到植物表达载体pROKⅡ中，用三亲融合法导入农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)LBA4404，采用叶圆片法转化普通烟草，诱导再生小植株．经卡那霉素抗性筛选和PCR检测，证明AIMV RNA23′端基因已整合到转基因烟草的基因组DNA中．     

导入野生大豆DNA小麦后代的农艺性状研究

用花粉管通道法将野生大豆总DNA导入小麦，获得了转基因小麦，其后代的农艺性状有较大的变化。田间实验分析了变异系小麦植株与对照植株在叶片的光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶面积及株高、穗粒、穗重等性状上的差异。t检验结果显示，变异系小麦在叶面性状及产量性状上的差异是显著的，外源DNA的导入改善了植物的农艺性状，并在后代中表达，为选育高产、优质的新小麦品种提供了依据。     

草莓多聚半乳糖醛酸酶基因RNAi植物表达载体的构建及表达鉴定

从草莓叶片中克隆到多聚半乳糖醛酸酶基因的1个281bp片断,构建含该正、反向互补重复序列DNA片段的中间载体,经测序证实连接正确后,克隆到植物表达载体p2300121中的GUS基因位置并经双酶切证实,得到RNAi表达载体。采用直接转化法将PG2300121导入根癌农杆菌菌株EHA105,并用新构建的工程菌对普通烟草进行了遗传转化研究。在Kanamycin选择压力下获得的烟草转化不定芽和完整植株,经PCR方法鉴定,证实了该基因已导入烟草基因组中。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has