植物修复:重金属污染土壤治理的现代生物技术

介绍了重金属污染土壤植物修复的含义以及重金属超积累植物的特性的基础上,探讨了控制植物修复技术的关键因素,提出了某些提高植物修复污染土壤效率的途径,并对未来的研究方向作了展望。     

重金属污染土壤的植物修复技术的研究进展

土壤重金属污染的植物修复是治理污染土壤的重要手段之一。本文对重金属污染土壤的植物修复的原理、类型与技术以及植物修复的特点进行了综合评价,并对该研究领域存在的问题和今后的研究与应用进行了简要的讨论。     

化学方法强化园林植物修复镉污染土壤的研究进展

植物修复技术以其修复的彻底性和环境友好性逐渐成为污染土壤修复的有效方法之一。在总结当前园林植物修复研究现状的基础上,结合园林植物自身的特性,阐述了园林植物在修复重金属污染土壤中的技术优势,建议通过采用不同化学方法改善重金属在土壤中的存在形态,提高园林植物对重金属离子的富集和转运作用,同时强化园林植物的耐性,以进一步提高园林植物对重金属污染土壤的修复效果,为大规模治理重金属污染土壤和商业化应用提供技术途径和科学依据。     

矿区土壤重金属污染修复技术研究进展

本文分析了土壤重金属污染较严重的几种典型矿区的污染来源及污染现状,发现金属矿区的重金属污染较煤矿区污染更为严重,往往为多金属复合污染,修复较为困难,土壤重金属污染的治理已刻不容缓。并重点评述了应用于矿区重金属污染土壤主要修复技术的国内外研究现状,了解到土壤淋洗技术、土壤固定化技术、植物修复技术和多种修复技术相结合的复合修复技术为现今国内外研究的重点。在此基础上指出了我国在今后的矿区土壤重金属修复方向的研究重点为高效环保的土壤添加剂的研究,超累积植物或大生物量重金属富集植物的筛选和培育以及土壤修复技术的高效联合使用。     

论土壤重金属污染修复技术研究进展

本文主要简述重金属在土壤中的存在形态以及对动植物和人的危害机理,分别从植物修复,微生物修复,化学修复和物理修复几方面介绍进年来重金属污染土壤的修复技术和最新研究进展,对这些修复技术的原理,实例和优缺点进行阐述和对比,以求为重金属污染土壤修复工作的实施提供一些理论依据。     

浅论植物修复技术对土壤重金属污染的清除

分析了土壤重金属的来源及污染现状,简要介绍了植物修复技术的概念并从植物萃取技术、植物挥发技术、植物固化技术3方面阐述了植物修复技术在清除土壤重金属污染方面的应用,且进一步提出了植物修复技术的发展建议。     

木霉属真菌在重金属污染土壤生物修复中的应用潜力分析

微生物强化植物修复成为目前重金属污染土壤生物修复安全有效的手段之一,但目前尚待寻找新的耐重金属的多功能真菌用于修复研究。本文分析了微生物强化植物修复重金属污染土壤的原理及木霉与重金属污染修复相关的功能,并初步阐明了木霉属真菌在重金属污染生物修复中的应用潜力,以期为开发新的安全高效的重金属修复剂提供参考。     

土壤重金属污染及其植物修复研究

土壤污染是当今世界面临的主要环境问题之一.传统的污染土壤的物理化学治理技术具有技术要求和经济成本高,严重破坏土壤结构等缺点,不适于低浓度、大范围污染土壤的治理及应用.与之相比较,植物修复以其修复成本低、无二次污染等独特的优势正受到全世界的普遍关注和重视,并成为环境污染治理研究领域的一个前沿性课题.就我国土壤重金属污染现状与危害、植物修复的原理与优缺点及其研究展望作一简述.     

重金属污染土壤的电动-植物联合修复技术研究进展

土壤电动修复是一种高效的原位修复技术。笔者就电场对植物富集重金属的作用、电场配置方式及其与添加剂的协同影响研究现状进行了分析。多数研究表明:选用合适的电场配置和电场强度,不仅能够提高土壤中重金属的有效性,进而促进植物对污染土壤中重金属的富集,而且对植物生物量具有一定的促进作用。总体来说,选用交流电场或是低强度的直流电场不仅能够提高重金属的生物有效性,还能够避免电场给植物造成的不利影响,是针对重金属污染土壤修复较好的选择。笔者认为,在重金属污染土壤植物修复领域,未来的研究重点在于加强超富集植物与电场联合修复机理研究,研发高效低廉环境友好型强化剂,最终形成针对一种或多种重金属污染土壤的植物-电动联合修复关键技术。     

土壤重金属污染生物修复技术研究进展

从生物修复的概念和重金属污染土壤的方式出发,对重金属污染土壤植物修复和微生物修复两个方面的一般原理、方法和研究动态进行了综述,指出:重金属污染土壤生物修复基本上处于试验开发阶段,其今后研究的重点为探索超积累植物修复的机理,开发土壤改良剂和生物吸附剂以增加效益,超积累植物生物学性状的改善和微生物基因工程菌的构建,以生物修复为核心的联合修复作用的发挥及生物修复指标体系的建立.可以预料,重金属污染土壤生物修复具有很大的发展前景.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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