超声波对菊糖酶催化作用的影响

频率为２０ｋＨｚ、功率为２０Ｗ的超声波可促进固定化菊糖酶的催化作用，对促进经超声波作用发酵后生产的菊糖酶的作用更为明显，以蔗糖为底物的酶活力提高了６０％。，在超声波作用下，研究固定化菊糖酶动力学结果表明：其酶反应最适ｐＨ和温度基本不变，但Ｌｉｎｅｗｅａｖｅｒ＿Ｂｕｒｋ曲线产生偏移。在探讨超声波对促进固定化菊糖酶催化作用的机理时，初步探明超声波对促进反应体系的扩散和传输起主导作用。     

木糖对马克斯克鲁维酵母菊糖酶合成的诱导作用

马克斯克鲁维酵母可利用木糖、菊糖等多种碳源。利用木糖为碳源时菊糖酶产量最高,酶活力可达30．4U／mg菌体（干重）,菊糖次之;利用葡萄糖、乳糖等酶活力均很低。用洗涤菌体进行诱导试验也表明,木糖能诱导该酵母菌菊糖酶的合成,蛋白质合成抑制剂环已亚胺可抑制木糖对该 酶的诱导作用。在以木糖为碳源的生长培养基中添加葡萄糖能明显地阻遏菊糖酶的形成。试验结果表明,该菌株菊糖酶的合成受诱导和分解产物阻遏机制的双重调节,木糖是酵母菊糖酶合成的一种良好的天然诱导剂。     

克鲁维酵母Y－85菊粉酶的研究

菊粉酶产生菌株─—克鲁维酵母Ｙ－８５在１５Ｌ罐中进行产酶发酵，培养２４ｈ，发酵液中菊粉酶的总活力可达１０３２ｕ／ｍｌ，其中胞壁酶活７６８ｕ／ｍｌ，占总酶活的７４％。用含半胱氨酸的缓冲液提取胞壁酶，酶的回收率达８８％，比活力可达１００８ｕ／ｍｇ．酶作用于菊糖的最适ｐＨ为４．５，最适温度为５０℃，在５０℃以下和ｐＨ４～８稳定，金属离子Ａｇ￣＋、Ｈｇ￣（２＋）对酶有强烈的抑制作用，ＰＣＭＢ对酶也有明显的抑制作用。该酶可水解菊糖，棉子糖和蔗糖等多种底物，能快速将菊芋抽提液中的菊糖水解成果糖，适合用于以菊芋为原料的高果糖浆生产。     

利用牛蒡菊糖筛选产菊糖酶菌株的研究

筛选出一株能分解牛蒡菊糖并产生低聚糖的菌株，经鉴定为黑曲霉AC1．正交设计法优化摇瓶发酵产菊糖酶的条件，实验结果表明：最佳发酵条件为基质菊糖质量浓度为0．03g／mL，pH为6．0，磷酸氢二钾质量浓度为0．006g／mL，酶活力可达26．41U／mL．利用高效液相色谱检测AC1产生的菊糖酶粗酶液分解牛蒡菊糖后的产物，结果表明：经分解后检测出低聚糖的存在．对AC1产生的菊糖酶粗酶液的酶学性质分析，结果表明：pH5．5，50℃反应温度下表现出最大且稳定的酶活力．     

菊糖酶的膜滤式酶解反应动力学常数的测定

通过在动态膜滤式酶解反应装置上用团假丝酵母（Ｃａｎｄｉａｇｌａｅｂｏｓａ）产生的菊糖酶降解洋姜中菊糖实验，确定了间歇与连续操作的反应动力学常数，分别为１３．８９ｍＭ和９．３７ｍＭ，最适反应条件为温度在（５０±２）℃，ｐＨ值为５．５～６．     

信号肽对木聚糖酶在马克斯克鲁维酵母中分泌表达的影响

马克斯克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces marxianus)是一种新型的非常规酵母,具有生长快、分泌能力强、安全性高等优势.在酵母表达系统中,分泌信号肽不仅介导了外源蛋白沿着正确途径分泌到胞外,也在蛋白质翻译后加工等方面发挥了重要作用.本文分别研究了酿酒酵母α-Factor信号肽和克鲁维酵母菊粉酶信号肽对耐热木聚糖酶在马克斯克鲁维酵母中的分泌表达影响.工程菌摇瓶发酵72h后,在含有菊粉酶信号肽和α-Factor信号肽的工程菌株的发酵上清中,木聚糖酶酶活分别为318.91U/mL和117.90U/mL,表明马克斯克鲁维酵母表达木聚糖酶时,菊粉酶信号肽介导的蛋白分泌表达效果优于α-Factor信号肽.重组表达木聚糖酶最适反应条件是pH5.5和65℃,在75℃处理1h后,该酶的剩余酶活保留73%以上.在5L发酵罐中,重组菌高密度发酵72h,木聚糖酶酶活高达157 757U/mL,结果表明,马克斯克鲁维酵母表达系统在工业酶领域中应用具有非常广阔的前景.     

脉冲磁场对Kluyveromces fragilis生长及菊糖酶合成的 …

研究了脉冲电磁场对ｋｌｕｙｖｅｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ ｆｒａｇｉｌｉｓ细胞生长和菊糖酶生物合成的影响,结果发现：９４Ｈｚ,１４ｍＴ,脉宽为１３００μｓ,间歇时间为８７００μｓ,上升和下降时间为２００μｓ的矩形脉冲磁场的作用使菊糖酶活力提高了２３％,这种脉冲电磁场对酶的诱导合成作用使菊糖酶的合成总量是对照样的１３６％,同时发现这种作用使对应菊糖酶ｍＲＮＡ合成量增大,而且菊糖酶ｍＲＮＡ合成量增大与菊糖酶生成量     

一株土曲霉金色变种产生菊糖酶的研究

一株土曲霉金色变种(Aspergillus terreus var.aureus Fx-2),从土壤中分离出该菌株在培养基中添加 1.0％玉米浆,5.0％菊糖、发酵6d,可产生活性达55.3units/ml的菊糖酶(Inulinase)。这种酶能被菊糖(Inulin)所诱导,而不被蔗糖、棉子糖、纤维素、葡萄糖或果糖所诱导。酶对菊糖水解反应的最适pH4.5,最适温度55℃。在pH4.5～5.5内,30℃保持24h;或pH5.0,60℃保持 10 min,酶的活性均能维持稳定。2.0％菊糖溶液,在适宜条件下,7 h内底物几乎100％被酶水解。产物的总糖中,果糖占93.0％、葡萄糖占5.8％。这株土曲霉合成菊糖酶时,最适pH为4.0,生成的酶具有较满意的水解性能和对热稳定性能。     

假丝酵母Candida sp.木糖发酵生产乙醇

研究了供氧水平、培养基初始pH值、木糖质量浓度等条件对假丝酵母1779A木糖发酵生产乙醇的影响．结果表明：在温度（30℃）、转速（150r／min）恒定的条件下,假丝酵母木糖发酵生产乙醇适宜在半好氧务件下进行,乙醇产生的最适初始pH值为5．0,最适木糖质量浓度为60g／L,最大乙醇转化率为62．1％．假丝酵母木糖发酵生产乙醇存在葡萄糖效应,以葡萄糖与木糖的质量比3：1混合发酵生产乙醇时的产量比单独木糖发酵生产时的高57．6％．     

脉冲磁场对Kluyveromyces fragilis生长及菊糖酶合成的影响

研究了脉冲电磁场对Kluyveromycesfragilis细胞生长和菊糖酶生物合成的影响.结果发现:94Hz,14mT,脉宽为1300μs,间歇时间为8700μs,上升和下降时间为200μs的矩形脉冲磁场的作用使菊糖酶活力提高了23%.这种脉冲电磁场对酶的诱导合成作用使菊糖酶的合成总量是对照样的136%.同时发现这种作用使对应菊糖酶mRNA合成量增大,而且菊糖酶mRNA合成量增大与菊糖酶生成量的增加相关.可以认为脉冲电磁场促进了Kluyveromycesfragilis菊糖酶基因的转录与表达.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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