含二茂铁基团的芴-苯共轭化合物的合成及其性能研究

通过Suzuki偶联反应合成了二茂铁基团存在于侧链、主链和端基的苯-芴共轭化合物6、7和8,并通过 NMR和MS等表征手段对其结构进行了确认.共轭化合物中的二茂铁基团通过分子内的光致电子转移过程使6、7和8在溶液状态下的荧光猝灭.当向其溶液中加入氧化剂KMnO₄后,溶液的荧光强度显著增强,最大可增至75倍.荧光增强的幅度、对氧化剂的响应时间等性质受二茂铁在共轭化合物中的位置以及个数的影响.实验结果表明, 分子中含有一个二茂铁基团其荧光增强是线型增长的,响应时间也较短;当共轭分子中含有两个二茂铁基团时,其荧光强度的增长成二次函数关系,且其响应时间也较长.      

α-二茂铁烷基碳正离子与乙酰乙酸乙酯的反应

7种α-二茂铁烷基醇FcCR1R2OH(R1=H,R2=CH3,C2H5,n-C3H7;R1=C6H5,R2=H,CH3,C2H5,n-C3H7;Fc=C5H5FeC5H4)与BF3在CH2Cl2中作用,形成相应的α-二茂铁烷基碳正离子.无需分离,直接与乙酰乙酸乙酯钠盐反应,得到7种相应的取代产物.研究了碳正离子结构和反应物质的量对反应的影响,通过元素分析,IR和1HNMR确证了化合物的结构.     

二茂铁的合成与应用

二茂铁系一种有机金属化合物,学名为二聚环戊二烯铁(C_5H_5)_2Fe,是由二个分子的环戊二烯与亚铁组成的络合物,1950年首先在美国被开发和制备,目前已经在燃料、催化、生物等许多领域得到了广泛的应用.二茂铁的化学性质比较稳定,其结构特殊,亚铁处于激化状态,具有多种催化特性.在二茂铁的环上能进行亲电取代反应,如汞化、烷基化、酰基化等;二茂铁和正丁基锂反应,可生成单二茂铁和双锂二茂铁;苯环在二茂铁分子中能相互影响,若一个环上致钝,可使另一个环也不同程度的致钝,由于二茂铁的这些特殊性质,其衍生物多达100余种,可制备许多的有机化工原料,使它的用途也越来越广泛.     

室温离子液[DMIM]Me2PO4中二茂铁甲酸的酯化反应研究

在二环己基碳二亚胺-4-二甲氨基吡啶(DCC-DMAP)体系催化下,以二茂铁甲酸和酚类化合物为原料,室温离子液体1,3-二甲基咪唑磷酸二甲酯盐(1,3-dimethylimidazolium dimethylphosphate,[DMIM]Me2PO4)为溶剂,室温反应6 h,高产率地合成了一组二茂铁甲酸酯化合物(86-90%).所使用离子液经简单纯化、干燥后可以重复使用至少5次,对酯化反应的收率无明显的影响.通过IR、1H NMR、13C NMR和元素分析对所合成化合物进行了结构表征.     

两个新二茂铁酰基硫脲衍生物的合成与表征

以二茂铁为原料,首先分别合成了1-二茂铁甲酸和1,1-’二茂铁二甲酸,然后通过酰化、缩合等一系列反应,得到了二个新的二茂铁酰基硫脲衍生物,并通过元素分析I、R1、HNMR等手段对其进行了表征,另外,初步试验证实二者具有良好的配位性能和植物调节活性.     

羟甲基-双(二茂铁基)丙烷的合成方法研究

双二茂铁丙烷通过Vilsmeier反应得到了一元和二元的甲酰基-双(二茂铁)丙烷.并通过正交实验法获得了较好的产率(一元醛产率约70%～75%)和转化率(80%～86%).一元和二元的甲酰基-双(二茂铁)丙烷经KBH4/CH3CH2OH还原得到了两个新的化合物,即一元和二元的羟甲基-双(二茂铁)丙烷.     

含硫(氮)二茂铁衍生物的合成与表征

正戊醛、异戊醛、对氯苯甲醛、胡椒醛、环已酮与二茂铁在浓H_2SO_4(-10℃)中缩合,产物用碳酸氢钠水溶液水解,水解产物在F_3CCO_2H催化下发生巯基化反应,合成了五种含硫二茂铁衍生物,(C_5H_5)Fe(C_5H_4CR′R~2SCH_2CO_2H)(I,R′=H,R~2=n-C_4H_9;Ⅱ,R′=H,R~2=i-C_4H_9;Ⅲ,R′=H,R~2=C_6H_4Cl-4;Ⅳ,R′=H,R~2=C_6H_3O_2CH_2-3.4;V,R′R~2=-(CH_2)-_5);再由Ⅲ和V与氨和羟胺反应,合成两种含氮二茂铁化合物,(C_5H_5)Fe(C_5H_4CH(NH_2)(C_6H_4Cl-4))(Ⅵ)和(C_5H_5)Fe(C_5H_4C(NH)H)(CH_2)_5)(Ⅶ)。     

3,5-双二茂铁基二氢吡唑衍生物的合成及晶体结构

将具有生物活性的吡唑杂环和磺酰基与茂铁基结合在同一分子中,以二茂铁为起始原料,设计合成了一种双二茂铁基取代的4,5-二氢吡唑化合物,用IR、MS、1 H-NMR等对化合物的结构进行了表征,并采用X射线单晶衍射方法测定了化合物的晶体结构.该化合物(C29H26Fe2N2O2S)属于单斜晶系(monoclinic),空间群P2(1)/c,晶胞参数:a=(1.958 6±0.000 4)nm,b=(1.093 6±0.000 2)nm,c=(1.164 9±0.000 2)nm,α=90.00°,β=(92.71±0.03)°,γ=90.00°,Z=4,F(000)=1 472,DC=1.541g/cm3,μ=1.278nm-1.该化合物以氢键作用沿c轴连接成链状结构,相邻的链状结构再通过氢键作用连接,以此延伸形成一个空间网格结构,得到结构稳定的超分子化合物.     

几种有机锡二茂铁衍生物的合成

单锂化Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲氨甲基二茂铁与二丁基二氯化锡反应生成一个锡原子桥连两个二茂的基的有机锡化合物。此化合物与过量的碘甲烷作用生成其季铵盐，使此盐分别与亲核试剂甲醇钠，苄主六氢吡啶反应是到相应的三个新有机锡二茂铁衍生物，其结构通过核磁共振变，质谱，元素分析和红外光谱得到了确证。     

二茂铁基邻,间位氯苯基(间位溴苯基)甲醇的晶体和分子结构

二茂铁基邻位和间位氯苯基甲醇(O.m-ClC_6H_4CHOHC_5H_4FeC_5H_5)皆为橙黄色晶体。二茂铁基间位溴苯基甲醇(m-BrC_5H_4CHOHC_5H_4FeC_5H_5)为金黄色晶体(以下为晶体(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)和(Ⅲ))。三种晶体的空间群分别为P_1~2/c,P_1~1/n,P_1~2/n,晶胞中都含有四个分子。它们的晶胞参数分别为:在室温下晶体用Enraf-Nonius CAD-4衍射仪收集衍射强度数据(M_cK_a),用Patterson函数法解出Fe,x(x=Cl,Br)原子坐标,其他非氢原子坐际用差值Fourier合成得出,各原子坐标及热参数经全矩阵最小二乘修正,对2124,2026和2019个独立衍射点[1≥3σ(Ⅰ_0)],偏离因子分别为R(Ⅰ)=0.033,R(Ⅱ)=0.040,R(Ⅲ)=0.027,文中给出了这三个晶体的特征数据,并作了简要对比和讨论。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.