成吉思汗的世界之最

创建了世界上版图最大的帝国铁木真历经二十几年的浴血备战,先后有40多个国家,700多个民族部落归附于大蒙古帝国。其版图之大真可谓前无古人,后无来者。据有关史料记载,当时的版     

浅谈一代天骄成吉思汗

人类历史上版图最大的国家,不是罗马帝国,不是大英帝国,也不是俄罗斯帝国,而是由一代天骄成吉思汗建立的蒙古帝国。蒙吉时代是人类历史上一个令人热血沸腾的时代。成吉思汗及其后继者在50多年的时间里,以总数不到40万人的军队,先后灭亡了40多个国家,征服了720多个民族,消灭各国军队人数超过千万,征服各族人口数目达6亿人。全盛时期的蒙古帝国版图面积超过3500万平方千米,从中国东海到西方地中海,从幼发拉底河到鄂霍次克海,从西伯利亚的冰冻的土地到印度河酷热的平原,从越南到匈牙利,从朝鲜到巴尔干,从太平洋到大西洋,从北冰洋到印度洋,建立了一个地跨亚非欧三大洲的庞大帝国。     

罟罟冠形制考

蒙古族服饰是中国少数民族社会生活文化的重要组成部分。蒙古人曾于13世纪建立过横跨欧亚的大帝国。作为这一时期社会生活史重要组成部分的蒙古人服饰，其发展和变化都达到了相当高的水平，具有丰富的历史文化内涵。“罟罟冠”是蒙元时期蒙古人服饰的典型代表，成为贵妇们的普通帽冠。罟罟冠的形制随地区不同而异，也随贫富不同而有别。     

国际新形势与国际反法西斯阵线

“法西斯就是战争。”因此,我们在没有讨论本文以前,先要谈一谈: 一法西斯德国的世界战略自一九三三年希特勒在德国登台以後,他处心积虑的要建立一个第三帝国,整个世界上凡是有德国人足迹的地方,都得包括到这个帝国的版图以内。所以第三帝国在事实上就是一个世界帝国(统治世界),无论在国社党的党纲或希特勒的‘我的奋斗’一书上,都可以看出第三帝国的轮廓,假使有人以为这个帝国的范围仅仅限于欧洲或欧非两洲以内     

蒙古帝国和现代世界

美国著名的蒙古历史研究学者杰克·韦瑟福德去年出版了研究著作《成吉思汗和现代世界的形成》。这本畅销书改变了从前西方人对成吉思汗和蒙古帝国的误解。下面是他对蒙古帝国的一部分评价。     

蒙古西征后与欧洲的关系

编者按：蒙古帝国与欧洲的关系是中亚历史的一个重要内客，本刊于1998年第二期发表了马骏骐先生的《蒙古帝国与西欧关系述论》一文，本期再发表李一新先生的《蒙古西征后与欧洲的关系》，以继续开展讨论。一、欧洲各首领对蒙古西征的反应13世纪上半叶，蒙古人两度冲击斡罗思和东欧，欧洲大为震惊。斡罗思人将蒙古人的冲击看成是上帝的惩罚。《诺夫哥罗德编年史》作者说：“由于我们的罪恶，我们不知道的部落来到了，没有人知道他们是什么人，他们是从哪里来的──也不知道他们的语言是什么，他们是什么种族，他们信仰的宗教是什么──只有上…     

“美国世纪”里的国家安全权势集团

<正>谁造就美国世纪?20世纪是"美国世纪",美国在20世纪里将自己造就为世界帝国。美国世纪之来临,固然与19世纪后期以来世界经济格局的大变化有关——世界经济的中心由西欧向北美转移,美国在19世纪末已成为头号经济强国。     

蒙古贵田汗时期对外战争简析

蒙古帝国前期，有成吉思汗（1206－1227年）、窝阔台（1229－1241年）时期的对外扩张和远征，也有蒙哥（1251－1259年）、忽必烈（1260－1294年）时期的对外扩张和远征．唯有贵由（1246－1248年）时期没有发动大规模的对外战争．贵由时期的蒙古帝国对外战争情况如何？为什么没有发动大规模对外战争？下面作一简要分析．一、征服和统治世界的野心贵由汗统治时期，蒙古贵族要征服全世界、统治全世界的野心已暴自无遗．加集尼（1245—Iw年曾到达蒙古）在其亲身游历蒙古帝国后所著的《蒙古史》中多次提到这点．他在讲蒙古布区帝国兴起及皇帝、…     

臆想中的“鞑靼之轭”：蒙古帝国对俄影响再考

2020年的春节是不寻常的日子,因抗击新型冠状病毒疫情而延长的假期让人多了些静心读书的时光,日本讲谈社出版的《兴亡的世界史》丛书成了我这个假期里最好的读物。这套丛书的最大特点就是试图突破长期以来禁锢人们思想的"欧洲中心主义"世界史观,以全球史观的视角还原世界历史的多重结构和复杂历程。这套丛书里我最感兴趣的是土肥恒之的《俄罗斯:罗曼诺夫王朝的大地》和杉山正明的《蒙古帝国与其漫长的后世》。两本书都涉及了蒙古帝国对俄罗斯的强烈影响,也对"鞑靼之轭"(蒙古之轭)说提出了强烈质疑。     

试析公元前3─2世纪罗马对外扩张的政治经济动因

试析公元前３─２世纪罗马对外扩张的政治经济动因汪诗明世界古代史上最有影响的帝国之一──西罗马帝国，是在前后不足二百年的时间内形成的。促使帝国形成的原因很多，但最重要的是政治和经济因素。世界帝国是罗马对外扩张的政治目标，经济利益则是对外征战的动力。一．...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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