单缸熄火时发动机曲轴系统扭振特性研究

利用系统矩阵法求解了发动机曲轴扭振系统的强迫振动特性,并对发动机单缸熄火时扭振系统的激励力矩进行了简谐分析.以某直列6缸发动机曲轴系统为例,分析比较了该系统在发动机正常发火和单缸熄火时额定转速下和工作转速范围内的扭振特性.结果表明,单缸熄火时,系统扭振以低谐次为主.扭转角位移显著加大,而附加扭转应力变化不明显.     

发火间隔角和连杆质量对船用柴油机轴系扭振的影响

为取得最佳的船舶轴系振动,采用不同发火间隔角和不同连杆质量的设计方案,对船舶轴系扭振计算中的平均指示压力、气体力所产生的干扰力矩、外阻尼等进行分析和修正,提出单缸熄火时其他缸平均指示压力保持不变的轴系扭振计算方法．MAN B＆W 10L90MC型柴油机实验结果表明,与理论计算结果相比,该法的平均指示压力降低了5．3％,气体力所产生的干扰力矩降低了3．1％,外阻尼降低了8．29％．相应地船舶轴系扭振应力的计算精度也提高了3．23％。     

船舶内燃动力装置—缸熄火时扭转振动特性

内燃动力装置一缸熄火时扭转振动特性,是部分气缸运行下扭转振动问题的最特殊情况,然而,却是最常见和最重要的情况.本文根据可能出现的三种熄火状况进行分析讨论.所谓三种熄火状况,即《第一类型熄火状况》简称“停缸”:当发动机某一气缸运动部件损坏,拆卸活塞连杆机构,采用发动机减缸运行的情况;《第二类型熄火状况》指发动机某一缸由于严重漏气,而使气缸内气体压缩过程建立不起气缸压力的情况,使气缸熄火;《第三类型熄火状况》为发动机某一气缸因供油系统损坏,造成气缸熄火的情况.或者是人为地将一个气缸改为压气机缸的情况.现在分析一缸“熄火”时下述动力装置扭转振动的特性.主机均采用同一型号六缸四冲程中速柴油机.三种熄火状况采用的动力装置如图1所示.它们是:第一种装置形式(简称“装置I”)是柴油机通过高弹性联轴节与推力轴联接的船舶内燃动力装置,当量系统如图1a所示.     

混合动力汽车传动系扭振力学参数的试验获取方法

混合动力汽车传动系统的扭振不仅涉及整车安全性,同样影响乘客的舒适性。针对扭振研究仿真建模的需要,该文提出了一种动力学参数识别和发动机激励转矩修正的方法。首先介绍了系统中主要部件常用动力学模型及适用性,依据发动机单缸模型分析激振力矩的构成与特性,并给出修正的理论公式;其次分析了系统主要参数可能的获取方式和可信度,并针对混合动力系统的特点,提出了一种利用试验与仿真手段识别上述参数的方法和步骤;最后以某混联式客车动力传动系统为例,运用典型工况下台架试验,验证了上述参数识别方法以及所搭建仿真模型的可行性。     

水流激励对水轮机主轴系统扭振固有频率的影响

以混流式水轮发电机组主轴系统为研究对象,针对主轴系统存在扭振的情形,应用有限元法建立主轴系统动力学方程,利用理论力学和流体力学知识推导转轮内的水流对主轴系统所产生的作用力矩,得到水轮机转轮内水流激励向量,应用振动知识建立主轴系统的扭振频率方程,并根据扭振频率方程研究转轮内水流激励对主轴系统扭振固有频率的影响.研究表明:水轮机转轮内的水流激励不仅与水力参数有关,而且还和主轴系统的扭振有关,在水流激励的作用下,主轴系统扭振固有频率将比其未受到水流激励作用时的扭振固有频率有所降低,其中第一阶扭振固有频率降低幅度最大.最后通过实例对理论分析结果进行验证.     

混合动力汽车发动机启停工况扭振自适应模糊控制

混合动力汽车(hybrid electric vehicle, HEV)发动机启停过程伴随的转矩脉动,易诱发车辆传动系扭振,导致车辆动力不平顺。为解决上述问题,提出并验证基于电磁阻尼自适应模糊控制的传动系扭振主动控制方法。建立行星混联式混合动力汽车发动机启停工况动力学仿真模型和发动机启停控制逻辑,提出发动机启停扭振自适应模糊控制策略,开展2种运行状态下发动机启停工况仿真,对比分析无控制和自适应模糊控制下传动系扭转振动响应曲线。结果表明,自适应模糊控制相比无控制状态：定置停车时发动机启动和停机工况扭振平均衰减率分别为23.8%和30.1%,车辆行进间发动机启动和停机工况扭振平均衰减率分别为12.1%和23.6%。该方法可有效衰减发动机启停工况传动系扭转振动,提升混合动力汽车发动机启停工况NVH(noise, vibration, and harshness)性能。     

湿式双离合变速器动力学特性与失效机理

针对某6挡变速湿式双离合变速箱失效问题展开分析,发现扭转减振器中的树脂滑块碎裂是导致车辆失去动力的主要原因。为分析失效原因,首先进行了车辆启动及全油门加速试验,发现冷冻启动（发动机温度-2~5 ℃）时扭转减振器承受的冲击力矩值最大为928 N·m,加速工况下最大冲击力矩多发生在换挡和低档位全油门加速过程中;其次,建立了驱传动系统扭振动力学模型,进行动力学特性分析,发现系统一档未接合状态的第二阶固有频率（11.51 Hz）与试验中启动工况峰值频率（8~13 Hz）较为接近,系统产生共振,滑块容易损坏。研究表明,车辆启动过程中较大的瞬时冲击力矩以及行驶过程中产生的系统共振,是导致滑块疲劳失效的主要原因。     

基于多体动力学的发动机稳态工况动态转矩计算

理论分析发动机转矩波动产生机理,通过有限元分析得到离散化曲轴模型,建立了滑动轴承动态接触数学模型;协同各子部件间动力学关系,考虑燃气压力、变惯性力等激励载荷,在ADAMS中建立发动机曲轴连杆机构多体动力学模型,仿真计算发动机不同稳态工况下动态转矩,研究曲轴弹性、滑动轴承弹性支承、输出转速等对发动机输出动态转矩的影响.通过试验对比和简谐分析,表明了仿真方法的可行性和准确性,为车辆动力传动系统的扭振分析提供激励条件.     

磁流变液双质量飞轮扭振减振特性研究

为检验设计的磁流变液双质量飞轮对传动系扭振的减振特性,基于AMESim建立了磁流变液双质量飞轮的仿真模型,获得其在不同扭转激励幅值、不同激励频率以及不同电流下的动刚度和滞后角曲线,并通过扭转试验台架验证了模型的准确性。进而结合其动态特性可由电流控制的特性搭建了控制模型,对其进行发动机台架试验,分别获得怠速、匀速、加速、减速、点火及熄火工况时磁流变液双质量飞轮对传动系扭振的衰减情况,并与普通双质量飞轮进行了对比。结果表明:磁流变液双质量飞轮在各个工况下对传动系扭振的衰减性能都优于普通双质量飞轮。     

履带车辆动力传动系复杂轴系扭振计算研究

建立了履带车辆动力传动系复杂轴系的扭振模型,对车辆动力传动系扭振计算进行了深入研究,为履带车辆动力传动系关键部件的设计及深入研究提供理论依据.针对固有振动和强迫振动计算的特点,利用系统矩阵法,借助Matlab语言及其GUI工具编制了交互式计算程序,并进行了实验验证和整车计算分析.开发程序也可用于船舶等其他复杂动力传动系轴系的扭振研究.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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