断裂问题的插值型无单元伽辽金比例边界法与有限元法的耦合研究

插值型无单元伽辽金比例边界法是一种只需在计算域的边界上采用插值型无单元伽辽金法离散且无需基本解的半解析数值方法,特别适用于求解包含无限域和奇异物理场的问题.本文提出了一种用于断裂分析的插值型无单元伽辽金比例边界法与有限元法的耦合分析方法,更好地发挥插值型无单元伽辽金比例边界法和有限元法各自的优势.裂尖周边一定范围的计算域采用插值型无单元伽辽金比例边界法模拟,而其余区域则采用有限元法模拟.在这两个区域内,分别采用各自相应的位移模式,两者相互独立.利用交界面两侧位移的连续条件,可以方便地建立耦合求解方程,简明有效,易于编程计算.最后给出了两个数值算例验证本文方法的有效性.     

无网格伽辽金-有限元耦合方法在温度场中的应用

为了充分利用无网格法和有限元法的优点,将无网格伽辽金-有限元耦合方法用于分析温度场问题.根据无网格伽辽金-有限元耦合计算原理得出了耦合区域的形函数,从能量泛函弱变分形式中得到控制方程,从而求出数值解.EFGM-FE耦合法克服了单纯使用无网格法带来的边界条件难处理及计算效率较低的缺点.数值算例表明了这种方法是可行的,有效的.     

基函数的阶数对无单元伽辽金方法精度的影响

无单元伽辽金(Element-Free Galerkin)方法是无网格方法中很重要的一种数值计算方法,利用无单元伽辽金方法求解二维稳态热传导方程,当选取基函数为线性基、二次基时,分别将数值解和解析解对比,分析了基函数的阶数对无单元伽辽金方法精度的影响,并说明无单元伽辽金方法是一种高精度的数值计算方法 .     

弹性地基梁问题的无网格伽辽金分析

移动最小二乘近似具有计算稳定,全局相容,求解精度高的特性。采用最小势能原理推导了Winkler地基梁的无网格伽辽金离散系统方程,使用Lagerange乘子法对离散系统方程施加本质边界条件。算例表明:使用无网格伽辽金法处理弹性地基梁问题,具有精度高和易于实现的优点。     

轴对称几何非线性问题中的无网格算法

应用无网格伽辽金法对轴对称几何非线性问题进行了分析。在小变形假设的条件下，利用几何非线性的应变-位移关系，基于线性弹性本构关系，推导了无网格法的计算控制方程，并采用Newton—Raphson迭代法来求解非线性方程，初步计算了压力管道的几何非线性问题。由于无网格方法中的形函数不具备Kroneckerdelta性质，采用罚方法来实现本质边界条件。数值实例表明．无网格伽辽金法在处理轴对称几何非线性问题时，具有较高的计算精度，是一种有效的数值计算方法。     

地基极限承载力的无网格分析

在无网格伽辽金法的基础上,利用应力应变增量形式表征了基于Drucker-Prager屈服准则的土体弹塑性本构关系;在小变形假设的前提下,实现了基于增量本构关系的弹塑性分析的无网格伽辽金法;采用罚参数修正了能量变分方程式,方便地实现了无网格伽辽金法的本质边界条件;并采用Newton-Raphson增量迭代法计算地基土体的极限荷载,其分析结果与静载试验结果吻合较好,验证了本文方法的合理性,进一步拓展了无网格伽辽金法的应用范围.同时与有限元计算结果作了对比研究,体现了无网格法的优越性.     

加权最小二乘无网格法求解亥姆霍兹方程

在移动最小二乘近似的基础上,直接使用最小二乘法建立系统的变分公式,导出了亥姆霍兹方程的加权最小二乘无网格(MWLS)法公式.MWLS法兼有伽辽金型无网格法和配点型无网格法精度高、收敛快的优点,并且克服了伽辽金法计算量大、配点法不稳定的缺陷.通过一维算例讨论了MWLS法应用于亥姆霍兹方程时各种参数的影响以及最佳参数的选择,通过二维算例证明该方法计算效率高于无单元伽辽金法(EFGM).数值结果表明MWLS法求解亥姆霍兹方程具有效率高、精度高和稳定性好的优点.对高波数波动问题给出了精确的模拟.     

无单元伽辽金法求解不可压Navier-Stokes方程

用无单元伽辽金法(EFGM)求解了不可压的Navier-Stokes方程,由加权残值法推导了系统无单元伽辽金法离散的Navier-Stokes方程,在时间域上采用分步格式计算,使速度和压力采用同阶线性插值并由相互独立的方程以解耦的形式求解,在每一时间步中,对压力解和速度解采用了Newton-Raphson迭代法进行修正、最后将所得到的方法应用到Couette流中,验证了本文方法的有效性。     

正交各向异性弹性力学的准凸重构核粒子法

结合控制方程的伽辽金弱式,将准凸重构核近似应用于正交各向异性弹性力学问题,推导了相关公式,建立了正交各向异性弹性力学问题的准凸重构核粒子法.编制了相应计算程序,并通过数值算例对本文方法的数值精度和计算效率进行了对比分析.数值结果表明:相较于无单元伽辽金方法和传统重构核粒子法,本文方法的形函数正性略好、数值精度更高;形函数计算时间是传统重构核粒子法的1.01倍.     

次弹性材料的无网格分析方法研究

次弹性材料在实际工程中是常见的,传统计算中大多数采用有限元方法。利用无网格伽辽金法对次弹性材料进行数值计算,并通过罚参数来实现本质边界条件,推导了求解此类问题的无网格伽辽金法离散格式。算例结果表明,无网格伽辽金法处理次弹性材料时,具有较高的计算精度,是一种有效的数值计算方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the