场协同下板翅式换热器效率的研究

在对板翅式换热器的传热与流动进行分析的基础上,对Prasad的模型进行了改进,通过数值计算得到了温度场分布.在错流情况下与试验结果进行了比较,二者比较相符.利用场协同原理,研究了不同的流道布置下板翅式换热器的温差均匀性因子,结果表明:不同的流体组织结构的变化,使得换热器的速度场和温差场的协同性不同,直接带来温差均匀性因子不同,从而导致换热器的换热性能的改善或恶化.     

纵向涡强化换热的数值研究及场协同原理分析

用三维数值模拟的方法研究了纵向涡发生器用于管-翅表面的流动换热特征.计算了Re(为800~2 000)、三角形小翼型涡发生器的冲角(分别为30°和45°)对管-翅表面平均Nu、压降的影响,并利用场协同原理进行了分析.结果发现纵向涡强化管-翅表面换热的内在机理可以用场协同原理进行解释,即纵向涡发生器使全场速度和温度梯度之间的平均夹角减小.另外计算还发现:三角形小翼对顺排换热器的强化换热效果好于对叉排换热器的强化;冲角为45°的三角形小翼强化换热效果好于冲角为30°的三角形小翼;冲角为45°的三角形小翼导致空气压降提高,而冲角为30°的三角形小翼则可使压降有所减小.无论传热管是叉排还是顺排,冲角为30°的三角形小翼比冲角为45°的三角形小翼在消耗单位泵功条件下带来的强化换热效果更大.     

不同倾斜角新型板式换热器特性及场协同原理分析

通过三维CFD数值模拟软件ANSYS-CFX模拟分析一种新型波纹板式换热器——复合人字形板式换热器,分析其倾斜角β为20°～70°的传热和阻力特性,并对不同倾斜角的复合人字形板片进行场协同理论分析。数值计算结果表明:在β=60°时复合人字形板式换热器比普通人字形板式换热器的摩擦阻力系数低8%左右,综合性能提高25%左右;β=20°时速度场、温度场和压力场协同最好。     

换热器壳侧紊流流动特性的数值研究

根据体积多孔度、表面渗透度的概念 ,采用分布阻力方法建立了换热器壳侧紊流流动的三维数值模型 ,用修正的 κ- ε模型考虑管束对紊流的产生和耗散的影响 ,用壁面函数法处理壳壁和折流板的壁面效应 .对一管壳式换热器模型的壳侧流动特性进行了数值模拟 ,计算的压力分布与试验值进行了对比 ,并研究了不同紊流模型对计算结果的影响 .结果表明 ,计算的压力分布和试验值吻合良好 ,该模型能有效地模拟管壳式换热器壳侧流动特性 .     

翅片管式换热器空气侧流动及换热性能的数值模拟

借助CFD软件对3种不同类型的翅片管式换热器(平直翅片、均匀波纹翅片和倾角渐增波纹翅片)的流动传热性能进行了三维数值模拟计算,得出了在不同入口风速下各流域中心面的温度场、压力场和速度场分布图,计算出各翅片表面在不同风速下的平均传热系数和阻力系数,并与相关实验数据对比,证明该数值模拟的正确性.研究结果表明,倾角渐增波纹翅片的平均努谢尔数比平直翅片的高13.8%~29.3%,比均匀波纹翅片的高5.5%~10.3%,其强化传热效果显著.     

微肋角度对开缝翅片流动与传热性能影响的三维数值模拟

利用数值模拟的方法,结合计算流动与传热软件研究了空调系统用的翅片管式换热器开缝型翅片的开缝微肋结构对翅片整体的流动与传热特性的影响.将模拟结果与实验测值进行了比较,两者基本吻合.结合场协同理论分析了计算结果,得出了翅片开缝微肋在既定工况下存在最佳倾斜角度等结论,为改进翅片结构提供参考.     

螺旋隔板三维翅片管传热实验研究与数值模拟

文章对冷却水在换热器管程流动并与壳程的热油逆流换热条件下,对螺旋隔板三维翅片管换热器的传热与压降性能进行了实验研究,并与光滑管进行了对比.在相同壳程Reynolds数下,三维翅片管的壳程Nusselt数是光滑管的2.2-2.9倍,而压降是光滑管的2.3倍左右.采用计算流体力学软件Fluent 6.0对螺旋隔板三维翅片管和光滑管换热器进行了数值模拟.结果表明,螺旋流条件下光滑管表面速度矢量均匀、稳定,而三维翅片表面的速度矢量因翅片激发流体而产生湍动和不规则的二次流,从而强化了流体的对流传热.对于螺旋隔板三维翅片管换热器,壳程Nusselt数和压降的数值模拟结果与实验计算值吻合良好,最大偏差分别为6.3%和9.8%.     

自然循环熔盐球床堆中间换热器的优化设计

核热泉堆是一种熔盐球床概念设计堆,具有满功率自然循环特性,中间换热器一次侧是一回路中除堆芯外主要的阻力来源。为降低中间换热器的阻力,提高换热效率,采用计算流体力学方法(CFD)对中间换热器单元流道的流动及其传热特性进行数值模拟,并构建换热器翅片阻力因子、Colburn因子和综合评价因子的响应面,利用多目标遗传算法对翅片的尺寸进行优化设计,并根据优化后的翅片尺寸基于Aspen软件进行换热器优化设计。优化后的换热器体积减小了30%。     

折流板结构对管壳式换热器壳程流动与传热的影响

利用F luent软件,对弓形折流板换热器和连续螺旋折流板换热器壳程的流场、流动阻力和换热进行了数值模拟分析,并对计算结果进行了实验验证.结果表明,弓形折流板换热器壳程存在明显的流动滞流区,螺旋折流板换热器中的流场分布则比较均匀.在相同的流量条件下,螺旋折流板换热器壳程的流动压降大约只有弓形折流板换热器的32%,换热能力则略低于弓形折流板换热器,但单位压降下的换热系数有很大的提高,大约是弓形折流板换热器的1.3倍.数值计算结果与实验值符合良好,说明采用的数学模型是合理的,较真实地反映了换热器的实际情况.     

同轴换热器内流动与换热的实验研究

采用实验的方法以水为介质研究了同轴换热器内的流动与传热,Re为3×104～10×104.对具有不同螺距两根内管管内的摩擦阻力及同轴换热器整体换热性能进行了实验研究,研究表明:管内摩擦自力系数是相同情况下圆管的3～3.5倍.采用数值计算的方法揭示了同轴换热器管内外流场特征.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with