非牛顿流体在分离旋流器内流场特性研究

运用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法分别对旋流器内非牛顿流体与牛顿流体的流场分别进行数值模拟.分析采用RSM(SSG)雷诺应力模型,得到非牛顿流体与牛顿流体的速度场、压力场以及表观粘度分布规律.研究结果揭示了非牛顿流体在分离旋流器内的流场特性:由于受非牛顿流体表现粘度随剪切速率变化的影响,在同一位置处,非牛顿流体的静压力、...     

水力旋流器内部流场模拟分析与PIV验证

以直径为140mm水力旋流器作为研究对象,采用计算流体力学(CFD)技术对旋流器内部流场进行数值模拟,并对所建立的模型进行激光粒子图像测速(PIV)实验验证。基于数值模拟和实验结果,分析了旋流器内部压力、切向速度、轴向速度和径向速度的分布。利用PIV技术对旋流器内部流场进行测量,考察了不同入口速度下旋流器圆柱段区域瞬态速度场。通过对比数值计算与测试结果表明:CFD模拟可以有效预测水力旋流器内部流场分布,帮助探索旋流器内的流动状态和分离机理;利用PIV技术测量旋流器内部流动特性和速度分布,其测量结果与CFD计算结果吻合良好,验证了数值模型的准确性。     

旋流分离器油水分离机理的数值分析

采用计算流体动力学(CFD)的数值方法研究旋流分离器内的速度场分布,空气柱的产生、发展过程以及油滴粒子的运动轨道,探讨油水旋流分离器的分离机理.模拟结果表明:油水旋流分离器内的流场是三维非对称分布的;空气柱的产生和发展是负压和对流传输共同作用的结果;油滴粒子在径向力、轴向力以及周围湍流脉动流场的共同作用下作随机运动,部分粒子由溢流管排出而得到分离;通过计算溢流管排出的油滴粒子数与进入旋流分离器的油滴粒子总数之比可得到油水旋流分离器的分离效率.模拟结果为进一步研究旋流器特性参数对分离效率的影响和旋流器的结构优化提供了参考.     

液-固(气)旋流器分离性能分析及环保工程应用

 阐述环保工程和化学工业中的广泛使用的液-固（气）旋流分离器结构特性,并分析液-固（气）旋流分离器的流场结构,观察旋流器的流线和流动现象。根据实验数据,采用圆柱室内二维轴对称涡流模型,计算涡室内准自由涡区压力分布,得准自由涡区的速度函数;按旋流器液-固（气）流体运动规律,计算分离的颗粒直径和分离效率。通过实验方法揭示液-固（气）旋流器流体运动的规律,最后给出废气治理工程的实例,并讨论其在环境保护领域中的应用前景。     

不同入口流速下新型水力旋流器内部流场分析

水力旋流器较多地应用在选矿、采矿、化工、石油、生物工程、食品、医药、纺织等多个部门,属于工业行业应用中的分离设备之一,近些年又较多应用在环保领域的工业污水分离处理作业中。本文以一种新型水力旋流分离结构为目标载体,主要分析入口流速度对其内部流场特性的影响。本文首先通过Meshing软件对新型水力旋流器流体域模型进行网格划分,再采用fluent软件在入口流速不同的情况下对旋流器内流场进行数值模拟,最后得到结论为:该水力旋流器油相出口的油相分布呈单峰分布,油相体积分数与入口流速呈正比关系,由于水力旋流器内存有轴向零速过渡区,因此随着入口流速的不断增加,轴向速度值也在不断地增高。但是轴向零速过渡区大小和位置基本不发生变化。     

可伸缩旋流器流场特性及分离性能研究

通过构建可伸缩旋流器计算流体动力学(CFD)数值模型,分析等效锥角和套筒层数对流场的影响,确定颗粒在流场中的分布情况以及分离效率的变化.结果表明:当固相体积分数为5%时,可伸缩旋流器对粗颗粒的分离效率达到95%,与常规旋流器持平,溢流提取的细颗粒数量高出常规旋流器5%以上;当固相体积分数增加至20%时,可伸缩旋流器中粗颗粒的分离效率比常规旋流器下降得更为明显,而细颗粒的分离效率则无显著变化.结果表明:改变等效锥角可以实现可伸缩旋流器分离性能的调节;在较低体积分数条件下,可伸缩旋流器具有更好的分离性能;在较高体积分数条件下,可伸缩旋流器须进一步优化.     

切流式旋流器内两相流场的模拟

将雷诺应力模型与欧拉分析方法相结合,对切流式单、双入口旋流器内的单相和两相流场进行模拟.模拟结果表明:与双入口旋流器比较,单入口旋流器内流场存在明显偏心现象,并且速度分布和湍流参数均存在偏差,流场很不稳定;对于油水两相流场,双入口旋流器的油相和水相体积分数径向变化梯度更大,油相更倾向于向轴心移动形成油核;双入口旋流器的工作性能优于单入口旋流器;试验结果验证了模拟结果的正确性.     

旋流器结构对内流场影响的数值研究

用有限差分法对旋流器内流场进行了数值模拟,采用各向异性的湍流模型能够正确模拟旋流湍流流场。通过对速度场、压力场的分析发现,径向压力梯度是由切向速度的作用产生的,而径向压力梯度正是驱使油滴向轴心方向运移的动力。提出了根据管中心的压力和轴向速度的变化决定旋流器长度的方法。旋流器小锥角的角度越大,分离段越长,越有利于提高分离效率     

假塑性流体液滴撞击壁面上的铺展的格子Boltzmann模拟

流体液滴在壁面上的铺展与沉积在工业应用中存在广泛应用,研究非牛顿流体特性对液滴铺展的影响具有重要的实际意义。基于相场法建立了非牛顿幂律流体与牛顿流体的两相流格子Boltzmann模型,引入包括接触角影响的边界条件,模拟了假塑性流体在幂律指数（n）0.5~1.0以及韦伯数（We）5~45时液滴撞击壁面的铺展过程。结果表明：相对于牛顿流体,幂律流体的非牛顿特性会抑制液滴的铺展,且n越小,越有利于液滴沉积。此外,韦伯数越大,液滴越快地达到稳定。     

旋流器结构对内流场影响的数值研究

用有限差分法对旋流器内流场进行了数值模拟,采用各向异性的湍流模型能够正确模拟旋流湍流流场。通过对速度场、压力场的分析发现,径向压力梯度是由切向速度的作用生产的,而径向压力梯度正是驱使油滴向轴心方向运移的动力。提出了根据管中心的压力和轴向速度的变化决定旋流器长度的方法。旋流器小锥角的角度越大,分离段越长,越有利于提高分离效率。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-