基于综合加权评分法的钒钛磁铁矿高炉渣系优化

在实验室条件下,以国内某钢铁企业提供的钒钛磁铁矿现场高炉渣为基础,利用纯化学试剂调整炉渣成分,采用RTW熔体物性测定仪进行了5因素4水平的正交试验研究,检测了炉渣冶金性能;然后运用综合加权评分法对试验结果进行分析,探索得出高炉冶炼钒钛磁铁矿的适宜渣系:二元碱度R2115,MgO质量分数14%,Al2O3质量分数13%,TiO2质量分数7%,V2O5质量分数020%.对渣系综合指标影响从大到小依次为:V2O5含量,MgO含量,二元碱度R2,TiO2含量,Al2O3含量.     

莱钢高炉合理渣系的研究

为使莱钢高炉冶炼中具有合理渣系,保障高炉长期稳定运行,对其炉渣二元碱度及MgO、Al2O3、FeO含量对炉渣黏度的影响进行研究。结果表明,为保证较低的黏度,高炉渣保持二元碱度约为1.15、w(MgO)为8%~10%较适宜;当高炉渣Al2O3含量达到一定值时,其黏度会明显提高,高炉渣中Al2O3含量最好应控制在15%以内;高炉渣黏度随着FeO含量的增加而显著降低,初渣中较高FeO含量可改善其流动性能。     

高钛型高炉渣中钛、钒资源潜在价值分析

高钛型高炉渣(以下称高炉渣)是高炉冶炼钒钛磁铁矿的产物,与一般高炉渣不同,它是钛、钒资源,不是废渣。一、高炉渣中钛、钒资源概况攀枝花高炉渣中钛、钒资源,来源于钒钛磁铁矿采、选、冶过程。钒钛磁铁矿中约53%的Ti O2和20%的V2O5,经过选矿后以钛磁铁矿物为主转入铁精矿;再经烧结、高炉冶炼富集于高炉渣中。二、高炉渣中Ti O2、V2O5品位高炉渣成分表成分Ti O2V2O5Si O2Al2O3CaO MgO MnO2!~230.23~0.3917.1~19.414.2~15.820~308.0~8.90.3~0.5成分FeO Fe2O3MFe C SC Cr2O3Ca2O3%2.4~2.62.7~2.61~30.4~5.20.00380.0150.00151…     

CaO、SiO_2、Al_2O_3和MgO四元渣系脱硫

根据石钢生产条件 ,研究了 Ca O、Si O2 、Al2 O3和 Mg O四元渣系脱硫性能 ,实验结果表明 :炉渣碱度在 1 .1 0～ 1 .2 0之间 ,Mg O≯ 1 0 % ,Al2 O3≯ 1 5%时能获得最佳的脱硫效果     

CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2渣系熔化性能实验

含钛炉渣的研究往往关注于其对炼铁的影响,较少涉及精炼渣应用.为完善前人研究,确定TiO2对精炼渣系熔点的影响和促进合钛废渣的资源化再利用,通过实验和Factsage理论计算对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2渣系的熔化性能进行了研究.实验以炉渣熔点为指标,考察了二元碱度、Al2O3和TiO2含量对渣系熔点的影响.3个因素的变化范围分别为:二元碱度4～7.9,Al2O3含量30％～45％和TiO2含量1％～7％.研究结果表明:二元碱度对渣系熔点的影响显著,其他因素的影响不显著;试验条件下该渣系最低熔点炉渣的二元碱度为6.6,Al2O3为35％和TiO2为5％,对应熔点为1 354℃;TiO2含量低于3％时,渣系液相区面积变化很小可以忽略,TiO2含量在3％～10％的范围,TiO2含量越高液相区面积越大.实验条件下该渣系的熔化性能能够满足炼钢精炼渣要求.     

Al2 O3和二元碱度对炼钢炉渣中磷酸盐富集机理的综合影响

以六元CaO-SiO2-FeO-P2 O5-Fe2 O3-Al2 O3炼钢渣系为研究对象,结合热力学计算和实验检测,分析( Al2 O3)和二元碱度B综合变化对该六元渣系中磷酸盐富集行为的影响.结果表明：炼钢炉渣中生成游离C2 S含量对磷酸盐富集相nC2 S-C3 P内的( P2 O5)至关重要.该渣系中增加SiO2会降低总的C2 S生成量,增加Al2 O3可促进钙铝黄长石C2 AS相生成,降低游离C2 S ( f-C2 S)的量,进而影响磷酸盐的富集.六元CaO-SiO2-FeO-P2 O5-Fe2 O3-Al2 O3炼钢炉渣获得较好磷酸盐富集程度,渣中二元碱度B和Al2O3含量需满足的耦合关系为：(%Al2O3)=-27.70+21.62B,(Al2O3)<20.0%,B>1.3.     

MgO对高铝高炉渣脱硫的影响及其动力学分析

随着廉价高铝铁矿石的不断使用,高炉炉渣内Al2O3含量也随之升高,这势必会影响高炉炉渣的各项冶金性能。为深入研究高铝高炉渣脱硫性能,明确MgO含量对高铝渣脱硫性能的影响,笔者通过改变高铝渣中MgO的含量,分别设定渣中MgO含量为5%、9%、13%MgO,研究不同MgO含量高炉高铝渣的脱硫性能及其脱硫动力学。结果表明:MgO含量不仅对高铝渣的黏度、脱硫能力有不同的影响,还使炉渣的脱硫速率发生了很大的改变。MgO含量越高对应的黏度越低,脱硫能力越大;但脱硫速率却表现出了不同规律,9%MgO的脱硫速率表现为最大;经过综合比较,当碱度固定为1.1、Al2O3含量固定为17%时,MgO含量为9%的炉渣同时具有较好的粘度和脱硫性能。     

湘钢高Al2O3高炉渣粘度研究

对湘钢高AlO3高炉渣的粘度进行了测试。通过改变二元碱度R和MgO的含量，探讨在高Al2O3情况下高炉渣的最优配比。实验表明，在高Al2O3下，保持高MgO，较低碱度是可行的。实验中，R=0．95，WMgO=12％的炉渣流动性最好。     

含碱高炉渣的氧化铁活度

为了研究高炉渣化学成分与FetO活度、钾容量、硫容量间的规律,采用氧化锆固体电解质电池测定了气-渣-金平衡时的含碱高炉渣中FetO活度.结果表明:二元碱度增加,FetO活度增加,钾容量减小,硫容量增大;MgO,Al2O3含量增加,FetO活度降低,钾容量增大,硫容量先增大后减小;当高炉的碱负荷较高时,控制炉渣的化学成分,使FetO活度保持在0074~0078之间,可以使炉渣具有适宜的脱硫能力和较大的排碱能力,有助于降低碱金属的危害.     

煤灰渣流动性的试验研究

以神木煤灰成分为基础配渣,对煤灰成分渣的粘度和熔化性温度进行了试验研究。试验表明：煤灰炉渣一般碱度较低,为典型的长渣。二炉碱度为0．8左右时,炉渣熔化性温度最低。渣中Al2O3过多,渣量少,是炉渣流动性差的主要原因。可以通过配煤或者配加其他助熔物,降低Al2O3含量。增加Na2OMgO含量可以明显降低炉渣熔化性温度,改善流动性。增加MgO效果更为明显。     

Effect of TiO2 on the viscosity and structure of low-fluoride slag used for electroslag remelting of Ti-containing steels

The viscosity of CaF2–CaO–Al2O3–MgO–(TiO2) slag was measured using a rotating crucible viscometer. Raman spectroscopy analysis was performed to correlate the viscosity to slag structure. The viscosity of the slag was found to decrease with increasing TiO2 con-tent in the slag from 0 to 9.73wt%. The activation energy decreased from 95.16 kJ/mol to 79.40 kJ/mol with increasing TiO2 content in the slag. The introduction of TiO2 into the slag played a destructive role in Al–O–Al structural units and Q4 units by forming simpler structural units of Q2 and426TiO- chain. The amount of Al–O–Al significantly decreased with increasing TiO2 content. The relative fraction of4Q units in the [AlO4]5?-tetrahedral units shows a decreasing trend, whereas the relative fraction of2Q units and426TiO- chain increases with increasing TiO2 content accordingly. Consequently, the polymerization degree of the slag decreases with increasing TiO2 content. The varia-tion in slag structure is consistent with the change in measured viscosity.     

精炼渣成分与轴承钢夹杂物类型关系热力学分析

针对轴承钢中钙铝酸盐大型夹杂物的控制问题,通过计算GCr15轴承钢中尖晶石MgO·Al2 O3、钙的铝酸盐CaO·6Al2 O3夹杂物生成热力学,分析精炼渣成分与夹杂物类型之间的定量关系.结果表明：当钢水中含有质量分数0.10×10-6的溶解钙[Ca]时,只要溶解镁[Mg]质量分数小于10×10-6,MgO·Al2O3就会被[Ca]还原成 CaO·6Al2O3;当精炼渣碱度为7.04,(MgO)质量分数为1.38%时,钢水中溶解[Mg]质量分数比临界[Mg]质量分数低56%,夹杂物以尺寸大于10μm的CaO-Al2O3系复合夹杂为主;当精炼渣碱度为3.75,(MgO)质量分数3.14%时,钢水中溶解[Mg]质量分数比临界[Mg]质量分数低14%,夹杂物以尺寸小于8μm的MnS包裹MgO·Al2 O3复合夹杂为主;当精炼渣钙铝比C/A为1.8~2.0时,控制精炼渣碱度R为4.5~5.5,(MgO)质量分数为3%~5%,即能使钢中MgO·Al2O3保持稳定而不转变为CaO·6Al2O3.     

六元熔融还原渣黏度的分析

结合高效脱磷能力的熔融还原冶炼惠民高磷铁矿工艺及HIsmelt熔融还原炼铁技术的特点选取CaO-MgO-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5六元熔渣作为研究对象其熔渣成分为：二元碱度R(CaO/SiO2)0.8～1.4Al2O3质量分数为6.4%～15.4%P2O5质量分数为0～3%、MgO、FeO质量分数分别为4%、6%采用纯化学试剂配制熔渣。借助扫描电子显微镜对炉渣矿物组成和微观结构进行研究采用RTW-10熔体物性综合测试仪研究熔渣成分的变化对黏度产生的影响。研究表明：该熔渣矿相结构主要以黄长石(钙铝黄长石、钙镁黄长石)为主呈方形状、粗大骨架状结构。当P2O5或Al2O3质量分数一定时随着碱度的提高熔渣的黏度降低;当碱度或P2O5质量分数一定时熔渣的黏度随Al2O3质量分数的增加而增大;当碱度或Al2O3质量分数一定时黏度均随着P2O5质量分数的增加而提高。     

Effects of MgO and TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> on the viscous behaviors and phase compositions of titanium-bearing slag

The effects of MgO and TiO₂ on the viscosity, activation energy for viscous flow, and break-point temperature of titanium-bearing slag were studied. The correlation between viscosity and slag structure was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Subsequently, main phases in the slag and their content changes were investigated by X-ray diffraction and Factsage 6.4 software package. The results show that the viscosity decreases when the MgO content increases from 10.00wt% to 14.00wt%. Moreover, the break-point temperature increases, and the activation energy for viscous flow initially increases and subsequently decreases. In addition, with increasing TiO₂ content from 5.00wt% to 9.00wt%, the viscosity decreases, and the break-point temperature and activation energy for viscous flow initially decrease and subsequently increase. FTIR analyses reveal that the polymerization degree of complex viscous units in titanium-bearing slag decreases with increasing MgO and TiO₂ contents. The mechanism of viscosity variation was elucidated. The basic phase in experimental slags is melilite. Besides, as the MgO content increases, the amount of magnesia–alumina spinel in the slag increases. Similarly, the sum of pyroxene and perovskite phases in the slag increases with increasing TiO₂ content.     

Effect of Al2O3 on the viscosity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-Cr2O3 slags

We investigated the effect of Al2O3 content on the viscosity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-8wt%MgO-1wt%Cr2O3(mass ratio of CaO/SiO2 is 1.0,and Al2O3 content is 17wt%-29wt%)slags.The results show that the viscosity of the slag increases gradually with increases in the Al2O3 content in the range of 17wt%to 29wt%due to the role of Al2O3 as a network former in the polymerization of the aluminosilicate structure of the slag.With increases in the Al2O3 content from 17wt%to 29wt%,the apparent activation energy of the slags also increases from 180.85 to 210.23 kJ/mol,which is consistent with the variation in the critical temperature.The Fourier-transform infrared spectra indicate that the degree of polymerization of this slag is increased by the addition of Al2O3.The application of Iida’s model for predicting the slag viscosity in the presence of Cr2O3 indicates that the calculated viscosity values fit well with the measured values when both the temperature and Al2O3 content are at relatively low levels,i.e.,the temperature range of 1673 to 1803 K and the Al2O3 content range of 17wt%-29wt%in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-8wt%MgO-1wt%Cr2O3 slag.     

TiO2对含铬高钛熔分渣熔化性能和黏度的影响

A study on the melting and viscosity properties of the chromium-containing high-titanium melting slag (CaO–SiO₂–MgO–Al₂O₃–TiO₂–Cr₂O₃) with TiO₂ contents ranging from 38.63wt% to 42.63wt% was conducted. The melting properties were investigated with a melting-point apparatus, and viscosity was measured using the rotating cylinder method. The FactSage 7.1 software and X-ray diffraction, in combination with scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), were used to characterize the phase equilibrium and microstructure of chromium-containing high-titanium melting slags. The results indicated that an increase in the TiO₂ content led to a decrease in the viscosity of the chromium-containing high-titanium melting slag. In addition, the softening temperature, hemispheric temperature, and flowing temperature decreased with increasing TiO₂ content. The amount of crystallized anosovite and sphene phases gradually increased with increasing TiO₂ content, whereas the amount of perovskite phase decreased. SEM observations revealed that the distribution of the anosovite phase was dominantly influenced by TiO₂.     

高Al2O3炉渣脱硫能力的研究

针对目前高炉的冶炼条件,分析高炉炉渣中Al2O3的来源以及对炉渣脱硫的危害。从热力学和动力学角度分析了Al2O3对炉渣脱硫能力的影响。通过实验研究了Al2O3含量以及MgO／Al2O3对炉渣脱硫能力的影响。实验结果表明Al2O3含量过高不利于高炉渣的脱硫。Mg0／Al2O3适当提高可以增强Al2O3含量较高时炉渣的脱硫能力。