汽车转向梯形断开点位置的优化设计

应用空间机构运动学的原理，采用Matlab编制转向梯形断开点的通用优化计算程序，确定汽车转向梯形断开点的最佳位置，从而将悬架导向机构与转向杆系的运动干涉减至最小，为双横臂式独立悬架转向梯形设计提供了精确适用的方法．     

双横臂悬架-万向节传动线控独立转向机构

为了确保线控独立转向轮的精确转向不受双横臂悬架位置姿态的影响，提出一种利用万向节传动原理的双横臂悬架一转向机构，并在ADAMS（automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical system）下建立三维参数化虚拟样机模型，进行优化设计、运动仿真和试制．结果表明：这种转向机构具有结构紧凑、转向角范围大的优点，适用于线控全轮独立转向电动汽车．进而，为了提高四轮线控独立转向电动汽车的安全冗余性，提出通过电磁离合器的切换控制来应对线控独立转向系统故障失效的原理方案．     

线控独立转向-悬架导向机构的设计与分析

为了消除车轮跳动过程中悬架导向机构与转向杆系的干涉,实现精确独立转向,提高系统集成度,使无驱动半轴传动的全轮线控独立转向电动汽车前后轮采用相同的独立悬架-转向轮模块化结构,提出了一种一体化线控独立转向-悬架导向机构.根据空间机构学理论推导出该导向机构运动分析公式,利用MATLAB分析了单一变量对悬架动力学参数的灵敏度,确定优化设计变量.运用ADAMS/Car建立该导向机构的虚拟样机模型,在ADAMS/Insight模块中对其进行运动学灵敏度分析,找出关键优化设计变量并对其优化,改善悬架运动性能.     

双横臂独立悬架转向梯形机构断开点的优化

利用D-H坐标系建立双横臂独立悬架四杆机构各杆的杆坐标系，求出各个杆坐标系之间的转换矩阵，对双横臂独立悬架进行位移分析，确定车轮跳动时前束变化量的关系式，同时考虑汽车在转向时，内外车轮转角应尽可能地符合Ackerman转向几何条件。综合这两个关系求得转向梯形断开点位置的确定方法、通过实例验证了这个方法的有效性。此法简单明了，易于编程。     

麦式独立悬架运动学分析与优化

利用空间机构运动学和数值计算的方法对麦式独立悬架进行运动学分析，并对导向机构结构参数和转向梯形断开点位置进行了优化设计．结果表明，该算法使悬架的设计更为精确、清晰，提高了工作效率；优化后，改善了悬架系统的运动学特性．     

汽车扭杆悬架及转向梯形运动学研究

本文针对某轻型客车前轮早期磨损问题对汽车扭杆弹簧双横臂前独立悬架及转向梯形机构进行了运动学分析。精确计算了转向轮在任意位置时的各项运动参数,编制了系统运动学特性分析程序,对某轻型客车进行了分析计算,指出其不合理之处,提出了修改意见。     

基于减少轮胎磨损的悬架初始定位参数的优化

通过研究悬架运动与轮胎磨损之间的关系 ,优化改进悬架参数 ,可以减轻轮胎的磨损以提高车辆的行驶性能和使用经济性 采用运动学原理和空间解析几何的方法 ,分析了双横臂独立悬架的空间运动和前轮定位参数下轮胎的运动 ,提出了轮胎磨损的评价指标 ,从而建立了双横臂独立悬架的运动、前轮定位参数与轮胎磨损间关系的数学模型 同时研究了双横臂独立悬架初始状态和定位参数对轮胎磨损的影响 ,提出通过调整悬架初始状态参数以减轻轮胎磨损的优化方法 ,并对一轻型货车进行了实例优化分析     

等长双横臂悬架轮边驱动机构的设计及优化

结合等长双横臂悬架的特点,分别对用于转向轮和非转向轮的电动汽车轮边驱动机构进行了设计,此机构不但结构紧凑,而且降低了电动汽车的非簧载质量,提高了整车的行驶平顺性。在ADAMS软件下建立了悬架导向机构的参数化模型,以轮距变化最小为目标函数,对悬架导向机构进行了优化设计。     

平衡摇臂式悬架车辆转向机构设计方法

针对平衡摇臂式悬架车辆无法布置传统的转向梯形机构的问题,提出了一种由空间连杆机构组成的机械式转向传动方案。应用空间函数发生机构的综合原理建立了转向机构的转角关系模型。基于非线性规划遗传算法研究转向机构优化设计方法,并综合考虑两侧转向轮的转角关系、角传动比以及传动角等因素,设计了遗传算法适应度函数。以一款具有平衡摇臂底盘的车辆为实例进行了该转向机构的优化设计。研究结果表明:安装该转向传动机构的车辆,在转向时两侧的转向轮与理想的阿克曼转角关系相比,最大误差不超过1.5°,角传动比在0.72~0.75波动,最小传动角为64.3°。     

载人月球车扭杆式折叠悬架转向断开点位置的优化分析

以载人月球车为研究对象,利用空间机构运动学理论对月球车的扭杆式折叠独立悬架进行了数学建模分析,编制了月球车悬架转向断开点位置的Matlab程序,并对其位置进行了优化分析, 与传统的平面作图法进行对比, 优化后的断开点使得悬架导向机构和转向传动机构的干涉大幅度减小。从而为扭杆式折叠独立悬架转向断开点的位置选取提供了较为精确的方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-