基于还原氧化石墨烯/普鲁士蓝-壳聚糖纳米复合物的高灵敏葡萄糖生物传感器研究

在电沉积制备普鲁士蓝-壳聚糖(PB-CS)膜修饰金电极的基础上,引入新型纳米材料还原氧化石墨烯(RGO),固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD),构建基于RGO/PB-CS纳米复合材料的葡萄糖生物传感器。结果表明,由于RGO独特的物理化学性质以及RGO与PB之间的协同作用,大大提高了此传感器的工作性能。在0.0V工作电位下,该传感器具有较高的灵敏度(65.3μA·(mmol/L)-1·cm-2)和较低的检测限(6μmol/L)。传感器具有较小的表观米氏常数(1.43mmol/L),表明该固定酶对葡萄糖具有较高的亲和力。     

基于电沉积石墨烯/普鲁士蓝/壳聚糖复合薄膜的葡萄糖生物传感器（英文）

在玻碳电极表面通过三步电沉积法制备了石墨烯/普鲁士蓝/壳聚糖复合薄膜葡萄糖生物传感器.通过循环伏安法将氧化石墨烯电化学还原,在电极表面直接得到石墨烯纳米层,在石墨烯纳米层上成功电沉积得到普鲁士蓝纳米粒子和葡萄糖氧化酶-壳聚糖复合薄膜,制备的修饰电极通过电化学方法以及扫描电镜分析了其性能与结构.在最优条件下,该生物传感器表现出了灵敏度高(50.29 mA·L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-2))、检测限低(12μmol·L~(-1))、响应时间短(3 s)等特点.电极响应电流与葡萄糖溶液浓度在0.02～10 mmol·L~(-1)范围内具有较好的线性关系.此外,在对人体血清样本的检测中,该传感器同样表现出优异的性能,对血清中常见物质具有较强的抗干扰能力.     

基于囊状复合材料的亚硝酸盐电化学传感器

通过水热法和煅烧法制备了囊状钼锆氧化物-氧化石墨烯(MoZrO-GO)复合材料.采用扫描电镜、能量色散光谱和X-射线衍射对材料的形貌、组成和结构进行了表征.以壳聚糖为分散剂和成膜剂,将MoZrO-GO修饰于玻碳电极表面制备了修饰电极.电化学表征实验表明,电还原后的修饰电极(CS/MoZrO-rGO/GCE)能显著提高电极的导电能力.将该修饰电极应用于亚硝酸盐(NO2-)的测定,结果显示,其对NO2-的氧化过程具有明显的电催化作用.在最佳条件下,微分脉冲氧化信号与NO2-浓度在0. 010μmol/L-0. 10μmol/L和0. 10μmol/L-10 mmol/L分段呈现良好的线性关系,灵敏度分别为0. 381μA/(μmol·L-1)和0. 007 3μA/(μmol·L-1).根据3S/N,检测限达到1. 87 nmol/L,50倍浓度的常见干扰物质对NO2-的检测不产生影响.将传感器应用于腌制食品实际样中NO2-的检测,回收率为98. 12%-102. 10%,表明该传感器具有良好的可靠性.     

Pd-Ni修饰的硅纳米线电极用于非酶葡萄糖检测

在镍修饰的硅纳米线阵列电极上电沉积金属钯微粒,用于葡萄糖的非酶检测;并通过电子扫描显微镜(SEM)和X射线能谱分析(EDS)对电极表面的形貌进行了表征,采用循环伏安法和恒电位计时电流法测试传感器的性能参数.在0.1 M的KOH碱性介质中,恒定电势+0.19 V,钯-镍修饰的硅纳米线阵列电极对葡萄糖的电化学氧化的灵敏度为302.2μA·mM^(-1)·cm(-1)·cm^(-2),检测极限(S/N=3)达到4.9μM,而且对抗坏血酸(AA)、尿酸(UA)等干扰物质具有良好的抗干扰能力.实验表明,这种新型电极很有潜力用于葡萄糖的非酶检测.     

用于葡萄糖检测的化学响应电荷转移等离激元（英文）

基于银离子焊接法和种子生长法,在金纳米二聚体的粒间间隙处引入银,成功制备了金-银双金属等离激元纳米结构.由于葡萄糖的酶促触发氧化反应产生的H_2O_2对银导电结点的蚀刻作用,该结构的电荷转移等离激元(CTP)对葡萄糖有很好的响应,基于此,可将其应用于葡萄糖的检测.主要研究了葡萄糖浓度与CTP峰强度、波长和表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)强度之间的关系,以及传感器的选择性.实验结果表明,该方法灵敏度高、选择性好;葡萄糖浓度分别在0.5～4 mol/L和4～10μmol/L两个浓度范围内与CTP强度变化值存在线性关系,检测限(3σ法)为0.2μmol/L;并且,肉眼检测葡萄糖可以达到微摩尔水平;SERS信号变化值与葡萄糖浓度在1～10μmol/L范围内也存在很好的线性关系.     

双金属纳米氢氧化物复合膜修饰电极的制备及应用

采用电化学沉积结合电化学衍生法制备了纳米氢氧化钴/镍修饰电极（ Co-Ni（ OH）n/CCE）,研究了该修饰电极的电化学性质及其对葡萄糖的电催化活性.结果表明:该修饰电极对葡萄糖具有良好的电催化氧化活性.在优化实验条件下,线性方程分别为2.0×10-7～6.9×10-5 mol·L-1（灵敏度为249μA ·（mmol·L-1）-1）和6.9×10-5～1.0×10-3 mol·L-1（灵敏度为49.6μA·（mmol·L-1）-1）,检出限为1.0×10-7 mol·L-1,响应时间小于5 s.     

聚中性红和纳米金修饰玻碳电极的葡萄糖生物传感器

用循环伏安法在玻碳电极上电聚合一层稳定的中性红聚合物膜,研究了这层膜在0.1mol/L磷酸缓冲溶液(pH7.0)中的电化学性质.用Nafion将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)和纳米金固定于中性红修饰的玻碳电极表面,制成了新型葡萄糖生物传感器.实验发现,加入纳米金后提高了该传感器的灵敏度,对葡萄糖的线性响应范围为1.0×10-5～1.2×10-3mol/L,检测下限为5.0×10-6mol/L.该传感器制备方法简单、灵敏度高、稳定性好,并具有抗抗坏血酸、抗尿酸干扰的特点.     

一种过氧化氢无酶传感器的构建及性能研究

利用电化学方法将铂纳米粒子(PtNP)和普鲁士蓝(PB)固定到多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)修饰的玻碳电极(GCE)表面,成功构建了一种过氧化氢(H_2O_2)无酶电化学传感器.实验结果表明,在工作电位为-0.05V时,所制备的传感器对H_2O_2具有优良的电催化还原能力,响应时间小于5s,这主要归因于PB,PtNP和MWCNTs三者的协同作用.在5~4 205μmol/L范围内H_2O_2的还原电流与其浓度呈线性关系,灵敏度为758μA/(mmol·L-1·cm2),检测限为0.30μmol/L(S/N=3).此外,该传感器还具有优良的选择性、稳定性和重现性.     

萘酚绿为电子媒介体金纳米颗粒修饰的葡萄糖生物传感器

报道了一种制作新型电流型葡萄糖传感器的方法 .用金纳米颗粒吸附葡萄糖氧化酶 ,采用聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)为辅助固酶膜基质将其固定在铂金电极的表面 .在待测的葡萄糖溶液中加入萘酚绿作为电子媒介体 ,制成葡萄糖生物传感器 .酶吸附在纳米金表面上稳定且仍能保持其生物活性 ;而电子媒介体的存在 ,显著提高了传感器的响应灵敏度 .线形范围在 5 0× 10 -5～ 5 0× 10 -2 mol/L ,检测下限为 2 5× 10 -5mol/L(信噪比为 3) .用该生物传感器测定了人体血清中的葡萄糖 .尿酸、抗坏血酸等对测定无干扰 .     

基于二氧化锆/纳米金溶胶凝胶膜固定辣根过氧化物酶的H2O2生物传感器的研制

将辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)、二氧化锆溶胶凝胶、纳米金按一定的比例混合,成功制备了以二氧化锆/纳米金溶胶凝胶为载体的性能优良的过氧化氢生物传感.二氧化锆溶胶凝胶具有良好的生物相容性,并提供了良好的微环境保持HPR的生物活性.纳米金与HPR形成静电复合物,有效促进了酶与电极表面的电子传递.该生物传感器性能优良,线性范围为7·0μmol/L至3·9mmol/L,检测下限为4·0μmol/L.最后探讨了pH、工作电位、干扰物质对生物传感器的影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with