Ⅱ－Ⅵ族化合物半导体薄膜材料的热壁外延生长

本文利用改进了的热壁外延装置，在ＧａＡｓ衬底上外延生长了ＧｄＴｅ，ＺｎＳｅ，ＺｎＳＳｅ，ＺｎＳ等半导体单晶薄膜，ＺｎＳｅ／ＺｎＳ，ＺｎＳＳｅ／ＺｎＳｅ异质结构和ＺｎＳ／ＺｎＳｅ，ＺｎＳＳｅ／ＺｎＳｅ超薄层、多层结构。ＳＥＭ，ＥＭＰＡ，ＸＲＤ及ＰＬ等分析测试结果表明，所生长的半导体薄膜材料具有良好的结晶学性质和光学性质。     

半导体外延掺杂的深度分布——"修正的"余误差分布

在制造半导体器件的外延工艺中,外延生长时通常要掺入杂质.如果杂质的扩散系数很小,杂质在外延层中的深度分布是均匀的;如果杂质的扩散系数较大,半导体在外延生长过程中,杂质还有较明显的扩散,也会扩散到衬底中去.杂质浓度随深度分布不仅和杂质的扩散系数有关,还和外延生长速度及外延生长时间有关.从理论上推导出掺杂外延生长时杂质浓度深度分布表达式——"修正的"余误差分布;并根据该表达式绘出不同扩散系数和不同外延生长条件下的杂质浓度深度分布图;讨论了由杂质浓度深度分布确定扩散系数的实验条件.     

GaAs中杂质扩散机制

针对杂质在ＧａＡｓ中扩散机制这一基础研究和技术应用中急需解决的问题，主要介绍了应用广泛的ｎ型杂质Ｓｉ、Ｓｎ，ｐ型杂质Ｂｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｇ的几种可能扩散机制以及国际上有关这些杂质研究的进展情况，从目前的研究状况可以得出这样的结论：在ＧａＡｓ中，Ｂｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｇ等ｐ型杂质是以置换填隙机制扩散的，Ｓｉ、Ｓｎ等ｎ型杂质是以替位机制扩散的。     

离子束缺陷工程与离子注入激活率的提高

研究了运用离子束缺陷工程提高离子注入Ｓｉ中掺杂激活的新方法，ＭｅＶ高能Ｓｉ注入被有效地用于防止缺陷（损伤）层对Ｐ激活的有害影响，大大提高了掺杂杂质的平均激活水平。     

离化原子团束外延ZnSe单晶薄膜

本文报道了用离化原子团束（ＩＣＢ）技术在ＧａＡｓ（１００）上外延ＺｎＳｅ单晶薄膜的研究结果。采用单源喷发并用电子能谱分析了外延薄膜的成分。用互光衍射和ＲＨＥＥＤ研究了外延ＺｎＳｅ单晶薄膜结构和外延质量。得到了摆动曲线半高宽为１３３＂，并具有原子水平平整程度的ＺｎＳｅ（１００）单晶薄膜。     

贵金属催化剂对锡酸锌气敏特性的影响￣①

采用均匀沉淀法合成了超微粒锡酸锌（Ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４）气敏材料，利用浸渍法对Ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４材料进行了掺杂，用ＸＲＤ和ＴＥＭ对其微结构进行了研究，实验结果表明，合成材料为均匀颗粒状，粒径小于０．１μｍ，该材料对可燃气体具有高的灵敏度，通过某些贵金属掺杂可提高Ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４对Ｃ２Ｈ５ＯＨ气体的选择性，ＳｉＯ２的掺杂可大幅度提高Ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４对氢气的灵敏度，Ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４材料有可能在可燃气体、选择性酒敏元件上取得应用。     

掺杂对酸法铁黄制备过程的影响

研究了酸法铁黄制备过程中掺杂Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｎ＾２＋，Ｃｄ＾２＋，Ｃｒ＾３＋，ＰＯ４＾３－等离子对晶种及铁黄形态和结构的影响，并初步探讨了杂质的作用机制。研究发现：掺杂离子改变晶种及铁黄的形态和结构，掺杂Ｚｎ＾２＋可增加晶种轴比，减少枝权和孪晶，优化铁黄形态。     

EFFECTSOFVARIOUSTEMPERATURESOFSUBSTRATESANDANNEALINGSONTHEOPTICALANDELECTRICALPROPERTIESOFNON－STOICH

讨论了用ｅ型电子枪热蒸法制备的非化学计量的ＺｎＯ薄膜的光电性能。采用了ＸＰＳ等方法，实验结果表明，对于不同的基底温度及掺杂浓度，ＺｎＯ薄膜Ｏ／Ｚｎ比不同，光电性能也因此而异，本研究还对最佳成膜工艺进行了探讨。     

相似算子代数的导子与自同构

讨论了用ｅ型电子枪热蒸法制备的非化学计量的ＺｎＯ薄膜的光电性能。采用了ＸＰＳ等方法，实验结果表明，对于不同的基底温度及掺杂浓度，ＺｎＯ薄膜Ｏ／Ｚｎ比不同，光电性能也因此而异，本研究还对最佳成膜工艺进行了探讨。     

Zn1-xCdxSe/ZnSe异质结系统的施主能级

对单异质结界面系统,引入三角近似异质结势,利用变分法讨论在界面附近束缚于施主杂质的单电子基态能量。对Ｚｎ１－ｘＣｄｘＳｅ／ＺｎＳｅ系统的杂质态结合能做了数值计算,给出结合能随杂质位置、电子面密度和Ｃｄ组分的变化关系。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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