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1.
WANG GuangLi HE ShunPing HUANG Song HE Miao & ZHAO ErMi College of Life Sciences Sichuan University Chengdu China 《科学通报(英文版)》2009,(10)
The mitochondrial genome complete sequence of Achalinus meiguensis was reported for the first time in the present study. The complete mitochondrial genome of A. meiguensis is 17239 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA, and 2 non-coding regions (Control regions). On the basis of comparison with the other complete mitochondrial sequences reported, we explored the characteristic of structure and evolution. For example, duplication control regions independently occurred in the evol... 相似文献
2.
Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Chinese alligator,Alligator sinensis, and phylogeny of crocodiles 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
WUXiaobing WANGYiquan ZHOUKaiya ZHUWeiquan NIEJishan WANGChaolin 《科学通报(英文版)》2003,48(19):2050-2054
The 16746-neueleotide (nt) sequence of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) of Chinese alligator,Alligator sinensis,was determined using the Long-PCR and primer walking methods.As is typical in vertebrates,the mtDNA encodes 13 proteins,2 rDNA,22 tRNA genes,and a noncoding control region.The Composition of bases is respectively 29.43%A,24.59%T,14.86%G,31.12% C.The gene arrangement differs from the common vertebrate gene arrangement,but is similar to that of other crocodiles,DNA sequence data from 12S rRNA,168 rRNA,protein-coding genes and combined sequence data were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of reptiles with the MP and ML methods.With this large data set and an appropriate range of outgroup taxa,the authors demonstrate that Chinese alligator is most closely related to American alligator among three crocodilian species,which suppors the traditional viewpoint.According to the branch lengths of ML tree from the combined data set,the primary divergence between Alligator and Caiman genus was dated at about 74.9 Ma,the split between Chinese alligator and American alligator was dated at 50.9Ma. 相似文献
3.
社鼠和针毛鼠线粒体DNA序列的歧异及其系统进化关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
社鼠和针毛鼠是有着广泛地理分布的山地鼠种,它们的一些形态特征及核型明显有别于同属的其它鼠类.社鼠的亚种--雷琼社鼠局限于分布在广东省西部地区和海南省,它的形态特征多似社鼠,但也有少数特征相似于针毛鼠.对于社鼠和针毛鼠的分类地位及社鼠亚种的分化一直有着各种讨论.本研究进行了社鼠和雷琼社鼠以及针毛鼠龙门种群和香港种群的细胞色素b (264个核苷酸位点)和12S rRNA (387个核苷酸位点)基因片段的测序.社鼠与雷琼社鼠线粒体的细胞色素b基因片段间包含有19个变异位点、12S rRNA 基因片段间包含11个变异位点和2个插入/缺失位点.针毛鼠的2个种群间的细胞色素b 和12S rRNA 基因片段分别包含了3个和11个变异位点.通过邻接法和最大简约法重建的系统进化关系表明:雷琼社鼠与社鼠有着紧密的亲缘关系,它的亚种地位得到了线粒体DNA序列证据的肯定.针毛鼠龙门种群和香港种群细胞色素b和12S rRNA 基因片段序列的歧异反映出两个种群由于长期的地理隔离及其所经历自然选择的结果. 相似文献
4.
屋顶鼠的两个亚种--施氏屋顶鼠和海南屋顶鼠的外形和毛色相似,在一些标本的测量记录中,它们间的主要区别特征之一的尾长与体长比却是不肯定的.在广东,海南屋顶鼠仅分布于粤西区,而施氏屋顶鼠则分布于其余区域.在我们的这项研究中,采用了9个分别来自于施氏屋顶鼠(龙门种群和香港种群)及海南屋顶鼠的样品进行了线粒体12S rRNA 基因的测序,在所分析的 385个核苷酸位点长度的片段中,包含有26个变异位点和14个简约信息点,观察到3个插入/缺失位点.通过邻接法和最大简约法重建这些鼠类样品的系统进化关系.相比于施氏屋顶鼠的香港种群,海南屋顶鼠与施氏屋顶鼠的龙门种群有着更紧密的亲缘关系.基于12S rRNA 基因片段的序列数据,本项分析不赞同把海南屋顶鼠分类成为一个亚种的观点,认为海南屋顶鼠的形态变化是自然选择的结果,并由此导致当地适应和地理隔离. 相似文献
5.
Min Zhang TianWen Cao Ke Jin ZhuMei Ren YaPing Guo Jing Shi Yang Zhong EnBo Ma 《科学通报(英文版)》2008,53(17):2652-2658
The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ (COⅠ) gene and the nuclear elongation factor 1α (EF-1α) gene were sequenced from 13 species of Nymphalidae. Phylogenetic trees of Nymphalidae, which is the largest family in butterflies, were constructed based on the sequences determined from 13 species sequenced in our laboratory and an additional 43 species obtained from GenBank using the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods. Relative-rate tests between lineages in these phylogenetic trees were performed. On the basis of the results of the relative-rate tests and fossil information of Satyrinae, Nymphalinae and Biblidinae, the average divergence times among the subfamilies are estimated as 44.2-87.1 million years ago (Ma). These results will be helpful for better understanding of the origin and evolution of this family, as well as the divergence time of butterflies and other complex taxa. 相似文献
6.
饮牛沟墓地古人骨线粒体DNA的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对内蒙古饮牛沟战国时期墓地的古代人群(Yng古代人群)进行分子生物学研究, 获得了线粒体高可变一区DNA序列, 初步确定了单倍型归属并搜寻其共享序列, 与现代人群对比构建系统发育树和多维尺度分析. 结果表明, 饮牛沟古代人群与现代东亚人群在母系遗传关系上较近. 相似文献
7.
LIChunxiang LUShugang YANGQun 《科学通报(英文版)》2004,49(11):1146-1150
Chloroplast rbcL sequences of 60 species of Polystichum sensu lato (s.l.), including 23 new sequences from southwest China, were used to assess the phylogenetic relationships within the genus. On the basis of estimated evolution rate of rbcL gene and the genetic distance data that passed relative-rate tests, we further estimated the divergence times between some clades of the genus. The phylogenetic relationships were inferred using the neighbor-joining and maximum-parsimony methods, both methods producing trees with completely congruent topology. These trees reveal that all species of Polystichum s.l. in this study (including Cyrtomium and Cyrtomidictyum) form a monophyletic group. The basal split in Polystichum s.l. separates a clade with all Asian members from a clade containing other species from all over the world. The phylogenetic and divergence time estimation results lead us to suggest that Polystichum s.l. originated in Asia in the late Late Cretacous (≈76 Ma) and migrated into other places in the world in early Eocene(≈46 Ma). 相似文献
8.
鱼类线粒体DNA(mtDNA)及其在分子系统学中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用线粒体DNA标记,分析种群间的遗传关系、确定种群地理格局、确定种群间的基因流以及确定物种进化显著性保护单元(EsU),从而为分子系统学研究提供了一个新的具有很强操作性的科学手段。文中论述了鱼类线粒体DNA研究的最新进展,重点介绍了线粒体DNA标记在分子系统学研究中的广泛应用。 相似文献
9.
对23个契丹人骨样本线粒体第一高可变区(364 bp)进行了扩增和测序, 得到22个不同序列. 构建了契丹、 达斡尔及对比人群的系统发育树, 结果明, 契丹与外蒙的遗传关系最近, 与达斡尔的遗传关系也较近; 契丹与达斡尔的序列在突变位点和突变率上存在较大差异. 表明虽然契丹与达斡尔之间存在较近的亲缘关系, 但达斡尔不一定是契丹的直接后裔. 相似文献
10.
系统发育分析在古DNA研究中的应用 总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2
介绍了系统发育分析的基本原理及各种构树方法的统计学基础,阐述了各种分析方法在古DNA数据分析中的具体应用,并对各种方法的优缺点进行了评价.分析了系统发育分析的局限性和发展趋势,以及古DNA研究的不断发展对其所提出的问题. 相似文献
11.
为了阐明药用植物五爪金龙Ipomoea cairica的叶绿体基因组特征,选用五爪金龙叶片为样品,采用试剂盒法提取DNA并建立测序文库,随后使用新一代细胞器基因组测序技术进行高通量测序,并利用生物信息学手段进行序列组装和特征分析.结果显示,五爪金龙叶绿体基因组为环状双链四分体分子,全长161 780 bp,由 88 205 bp 的大单拷贝区(Large Single Copy,LSC)、30 747 bp 的反向重复区(Inverted Repeat,IR)A、12 081 bp的小单拷贝区(Small Single Copy,SSC)和30 747 bp的反向重复区B(IRB)排列而成,含有131个基因;共有28 757个密码子,偏好使用以A或T结尾的密码子;存在67个简单重复序列(Simple Sequence Re-peat,SSR),并以A/T单核苷酸重复居多.五爪金龙与近缘植物在IRB-SSC边界之间存在较为明显的变异,与同属三裂叶薯I.triloba、番薯I.batatas等的亲缘关系更近.本研究报道了五爪金龙叶绿体基因组的结构和序列组成,并分析其特征,为五爪金龙的物种鉴定、遗传进化及开发利用提供了基因组信息. 相似文献
12.
采用通用引物对3种鲟形目(Acipenseriformes)鱼类,中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)、俄罗斯鲟(Acipenser gueldenstaedtii)和匙吻鲟(Polyodon spathula)的16S rRNA基因部分片段进行扩增,并与NCBI数据库中获得另外6种鲟形目鱼类相应的16S rRNA序列部分进行比较,探讨鲟形目2个科5个属共9个种之间的遗传变异和亲缘关系.数据合并后用于分析的序列共514 bp,变异位点29个,含简约信息位点16个,单一信息位点13个.以多鳍鱼目(Polypteriformes)多鳍鱼属Polypterus ornatipinnis为外群,采用部分16S rRNA序列基于Kimura双参数模型构建其系统发育关系,结果表明:MP法和NJ法得到系统树基本相同,其科、亚科和属的分化上基本与传统形态学分类相吻合,另外,欧鳇与鲟属鱼类的分化也并不明显.值得注意的是,鲟亚科6个种所划分出的3个分支恰恰分别归属于3个地理区域,欧鳇、闪光鲟和俄罗斯鲟主要集中于黑海和里海流域等地区;中华鲟和达氏鲟分布在西北太平洋,中国长江流域以及朝鲜;而高首鲟则分布于东太平洋. 相似文献
13.
Mitochondrial cytochromeb genes of about 450 bp fragments from 3 proturan species, 5 collembolan species and 2 dipluran species have been sequenced. The number of nucleotide substitutions and Kimura 2-parameter distances have also been calculated, and a series of molecular phylogenetic trees reconstructed by using parsimony and distance methods. The proturan, collembolan and dipluran species have evolved monophyletic groups. The results suggest that Protura and Collembola are sister groups, while Diplura is more or less demonstrating a closer phylogenetic relationship to the pterygotan insects. The phylogeny and their systematic position of protura and other groups are also discussed. 相似文献
14.
Yang Zhong Suhua Shi Xianhua Tang Yelin Huang Fengxiao Tan Xiaoyan Zhang 《科学通报(英文版)》2000,45(11):1011-1015
The molecular phylogenetic trees of 10 species representing 6 genera of the family Rhizophoraceae have been constructed using the sequences of chloroplast genesmatK andrbcL as well as the ITS regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Relative-rate tests between lineages in these phylogenetic trees have been performed. On the basis of the results of the relative-rate tests and related molecular evolutionary rate data, the divergence times between the lineages are estimated as follows: (i) the first divergence time in these genera is 132.25 million years ago (mya); (ii) the average divergence time between two tribes, i.e. inland Legnotideae (exceptCarallia brachiata) and mangrove Rhizophoreae, is 64.13 mya; and (iii) the average divergence time between two inland species,C. garciniaefolia andC. pectinifolia, is 19.92 mya. 相似文献
15.
测定了鱼巴亚科云南光唇鱼(Acrossocheilus yunnanensis)、宽头四须鱼巴(Barbodes laticeps)、抚仙金线鱼巴(Sinocyclocheilus tingi)和滇池金线鱼巴(Sinocyclocheilus grahami)4种鱼类线粒体细胞色素b基因DNA序列402bp,结合已知的云南倒刺鱼巴(Spinibarb denticulatus yunnanensis)和细尾长臀鱼巴(Mystacoleucus lepturus)的同源序列,组成1个6种代表鱼巴亚科5属鱼类的数据集.选用已知的云南鲴(Xenocypris yunnanensis)作为外群,采用邻接法、最大简约法和最大似然法构建了分子系统树.结果显示:倒刺鱼巴属(Spinibarbus)和光唇鱼属(Acrossocheilus)有较近的亲缘关系,四须鱼巴属(Barbodes)和长臀鱼巴属(Mystacoleucus)有较近的亲缘关系,而金线鱼巴属(Sinocyclocheilus)和它们的关系不能确定.上述结果与它们的地理分布基本吻合. 相似文献
16.
测定了鱼巴亚科云南光唇鱼(Acrossocheilus yunnanensis)、宽头四须鱼巴(Barbodes laticeps)、抚仙金线鱼巴(Sinocyclocheilus tingi)和滇池金线鱼巴(Sinocyclocheilus grahami)4种鱼类线粒体细胞色素b基因DNA序列402bp,结合已知的云南倒刺鱼巴(Spinibarb denticulatus yunnanensis)和细尾长臀鱼巴(Mystacoleucus lepturus)的同源序列,组成1个6种代表鱼巴亚科5属鱼类的数据集.选用已知的云南鲴(Xenocypris yunnanensis)作为外群,采用邻接法、最大简约法和最大似然法构建了分子系统树.结果显示:倒刺鱼巴属(Spinibarbus)和光唇鱼属(Acrossocheilus)有较近的亲缘关系,四须鱼巴属(Barbodes)和长臀鱼巴属(Mystacoleucus)有较近的亲缘关系,而金线鱼巴属(Sinocyclocheilus)和它们的关系不能确定.上述结果与它们的地理分布基本吻合. 相似文献
17.
顾成扬 《井冈山大学学报(自然科学版)》2023,44(5):11-14
图分解问题已在很多邻域中得到了广泛的应用。用P5表示5个顶点的路,C5表示5个顶点的圈,本研究讨论了完全图Kn分解成5个顶点的路P5和圈C5的存在性,给出完全图Kn存在{P5,C5}-强制分解的充分必要条件是n≥7(n≠8),以及完全图Kn存在{P5,C5}-分解的充分必要条件是n≥5(n≠6)。 相似文献
18.
The entire mitochondrial DNA sequence (mitogenome) of Russell's snapper (Lutjanus russellii) was determined using long PCR and primer-walking methodology, representing the first complete mitogenome accessioned for Lutjanid fishes (16,505 bp, GenBank Accession No. EF514208). The mitogenome was similar in gene composition and order to those of other vertebrates, having 37 structural genes, i.e., two ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, and 13 protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analyses based on the mtDNA sequence of Russell's snapper supported a close relationship between Lutjaninae and Caesioninae, consistent with taxonomic hypotheses based on morphology. More studies utilizing mitogenomes are needed to resolve high-level relationships among snappers. 相似文献
19.
泛函分析课程是一门极其重要的数学专业课程,兼有理论性强和高度的抽象性等特点,采用传统的教师为主体的教学模式往往教学效果不佳.以有界算子理论这部分内容为例探索了研讨型教学模式,主要对比了l~1空间上有界线性算子全体与列和有界的无限维矩阵空间的等距同构关系,以及c_0空间上有界线性算子全体与行和有界且每列元素趋于0的无限维矩阵空间的等距同构关系.讨论了序列空间l~∞到l~∞中的有界线性算子全体与无限维矩阵空间的关系.证明了行和有界的无限维矩阵可诱导出一个l~∞到l~∞的有界线性算子,通过反例说明了此对应不构成l~∞上的有界线性算子与行和有界的无限维矩阵空间的同构映射,丰富了泛函分析的教学内容和方法. 相似文献
20.
为了从整体上了解拓跋鲜卑的遗传多态性及其对中国北方少数民族起源的影响,对33例东汉到魏晋时期的拓跋鲜卑遗存的线粒体DNA进行了遗传学分析.结合已发表的中国北方少数民族的数据,在遗传多态性、单倍型组分布状态、Fst遗传距离、系统发育和多尺度分析等方面,对拓跋鲜卑和四个北方少数民族(鄂伦春、鄂温克、达斡尔和蒙古)之间的亲缘关系进行了探讨.结果表明:在多态性方面,拓跋鲜卑表现为与北亚类型具有相似性;在和北方少数民族的亲缘关系上,拓跋鲜卑首先表现出与鄂伦春人之间有更近的亲缘关系,其次是蒙古人、鄂温克人,再次是达斡尔人. 相似文献