苦丁茶中微量金属元素的初级形态分析

结合用茶方式对广东大埔产苦丁茶中Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｎａ、Ｃａ、Ｋ８种元素进行了初级形态分析，在测定煮茶，１００℃泡茶、８０℃泡茶茶液和茶叶残渣中这些元素含量的基础上，算出初级形态分析参数，８种元素的提取率煮茶明显高于泡茶；Ｋ的提取率最高；Ｃａ，Ｆｅ提取率较低；１００℃泡茶和８０℃泡茶的提取率基本相同。     

绞股蓝中铁、铜、锰和锌形态分析的初步研究

绞股蓝中微量元素含量的测定已有报道,但对其微量元素存在形态的研究,尚未见报道。我们根据中药微量元素初级形态的分析模式,进行了样品的制备和煎液中颗粒物及可溶态的分离,测定了各级组分中待研究元素的含量。结果表明各元素分量之和与总量基本符合。1 实验部分     

石笔木茶水对小鼠机体的影响

研究石笔木（Tutcheria championi）茶水对小鼠机体的影响，为石笔木的开发应用提供理论依据。选取72只小鼠分成4组，低、中、高剂量组投喂相应浓度的石笔木茶水，空白对照组投喂蒸馏水，连续投喂90 d。每天观察小鼠的外观、行为、活动、精神状态等，按时记录小鼠饮食量、饮水量以及体重变化。观察结束后，取血及内脏进行常规的血液生化指标测定并计算主要脏器指数。实验结果表明：石笔木茶水各剂量组小鼠未见明显异常反应，饮食量、体重增加量、血糖、血脂、脏器指数以及肝肾功能指标与空白对照组比较均没有显著性差异；石笔木茶水各剂量组饮水量均明显小于空白组饮水量，差异有统计学意义。短时间（90 d）内，持续饮用石笔木茶水对小鼠机体没有显著影响，但会明显减少饮水量。     

四种云南产菊科中草药微量元素的研究

根据中草药初级形态分析的要求，对四种云南产菊科中草药进行微量元素研究，测定微量元素的含量、提取率、残留率及浸留比。结果表明，微量元素的含量与微量元素的提取率不一定成正比。为探讨中草药作用机制，指导中医辩证用药，强化已有复方或为复方的改性、开发新药提供信息。     

催化动力学光度法测定痕量铁

研究了在稀H2SO4介质中，铁(Ⅲ)催化H2O2氧化中性红的褪色反应，建立了一种高灵敏、高选择性测定痕量铁的新方法。本方法测定范围为0～120ngFe(Ⅲ)／25ml，用于茶水中铁的分析，回收率为91～103％，5次测定的相对标准偏差不大于4．90％。     

富硒绿茶对高盐饮食诱导下大鼠高血压的预防作用探究

研究了不同浓度的富硒绿茶对高盐饮食诱导下8周龄Wistar大鼠高血压的预防作用.结果表明:饮用茶水提物8周后,低、高剂量组分别降低大鼠收缩压1.20 kPa和2.80 kPa;茶水提物降低了血清中α-羟基丁酸脱氢酶和乳酸脱氢酶的含量,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色切片观察心脏、肾脏组织形态,显示低、高剂量组均可以改善大鼠心肌...     

大孔径毛细管气相色谱法测定茶水中的三唑仑

建立了一种以硝基安定为内标，FID为检测器的测定茶水中的三唑仑的大孔径毛细管气相色谱新方法。测定结果表明三唑仑的线性范围为10－100mg/L，其最低检测浓度为10mg/L，相对标准偏差为2．6％，平均回收率为85．6％。该法简便，准确，重现性好，结果令人满意。     

尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣细胞核形态定量分析

探索图像分析法用于鉴别尖显疣与假性湿疣的可能性。方法：用图像分析仪测定尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣空泡细胞核和基底细胞核的形态特征。结果：２４０例疣状病变，经ＨＰＶ ＤＮＡ原位分子杂交检测，其中１４６例阳性，阳性率６１％。选尖锐湿疣和假性湿疣各２０例的ＨＥ染色切片，用图像分析仪测定上皮浅层的空泡细胞核和基底细胞核的七项形态参数，经统计学分析，证实两组间存在显著差异，并得出了尖锐湿关心生凹空细胞的定量范围。     

茶叶硒含量测定及影响富硒茶硒浸出率的因素

采用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定不同茶叶中硒含量及影响茶叶硒浸出率的因素。结果表明:影响茶叶硒浸出率的因素很多,主要是茶叶本身硒含量和浸泡时间;茶水中所浸出的硒绝大部分是对人体有益的有机硒;茶叶中硒的浸出率以冲泡水温为(95±2)℃时为佳;饮茶时第1次冲泡的茶水中的晒含量是第2次冲泡的茶水中硒含量的4~7倍。     

厦门港小型浮游生物对可溶性活性磷吸收和再生通量的季节变化

用３２ＰＯ４３－同位素稀释法测定了厦门港小型浮游生物（＜２００μｍ）对可溶性活性磷（ＳＲＰ的吸收和再生通量；并同时测定了现场的Ｃｈｌａ、初级生产力和各种形态磷．厦门港ＳＲＰ吸收和再生通量有明显的季节变化，夏季最大、冬季最小，且ＳＲＰ通量与生源要素呈现协变性；表层（０．５ｍ）ＳＲＰ通量与Ｃｈｌａ成较好的正相关，ＳＲＰ通量的变化与浮游植物的消长密切相关．全年平均表层ＳＲＰ再生能满足初级生产磷吸收的４３．３％；底层（１６ｍ）再生与吸收比远大于１，ＳＲＰ的再生对初级生产的调控具有重要作用．表层全年平均ＳＲＰ的周转时间为８８．７５ｈ，７月ＳＲＰ最低，但其周转时间也最短仅为３．７ｈ，以最大程度地利用磷维持较高的初级生产力．较低的碳、磷同化原子比及较短的ＳＲＰ周转时间表明厦门港磷同化速率较高．     

Effect and mechanism of siderite on reverse flotation of hematite

The effects of siderite on reverse flotation of hematite were investigated using micro flotation, adsorption tests, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The flotation results show that interactions between siderite and quartz are the main reasons that siderite significantly influences the floatability. The interactions are attributed to dissolved siderite species and fine siderite particles. The interaction due to the dissolved species is, however, dominant. Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theoretical calculations reveal that adhesion on quartz increases when the siderite particle size decreases and that fine particles partly influence quartz floatability. Chemical solution calculations indicate that the dissolved species of siderite might convert the surface of active quartz to CaCO₃ precipitates that can be depressed by starch. The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the results of adsorption tests and FTIR spectroscopy and explain the reasons why siderite significantly influences reverse flotation of hematite.     

Leaching behavior of V,Pb, Cd,Cr, and As from stone coal waste rock with different particle sizes

This paper investigates the leaching behavior of heavy metals (V, Pb, Cd, Cr, and As) from stone coal waste rocks with various particle sizes using dynamic leaching experiments. The results show that the dissolved concentrations of V and As initially increased and then slightly decreased as time progressed and that the dissolved concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cr were high in the early stage before decreasing. The particle size of the stone coal waste rocks strongly influenced the heavy metal concentration in the leaching solutions. The effects of the particle size of the stone coal waste rocks on the dissolved concentrations of V, Pb, and As decreased in the order fine fraction > medium fraction > coarse fraction, and the effects of particle size on the dissolved concentrations of Cr and Cd decreased in the order medium fraction > coarse fraction > fine fraction and coarse fraction > medium fraction > fine fraction, respectively. The quantities of heavy metals dissolved from the stone coal waste rock with fine particle sizes were observed to decrease in the order V (17104.36 μg/kg) > As (609.41 μg/kg) > Pb (469.24 μg/kg) > Cr (56.35 μg/kg) > Cd (27.52 μg/kg), and the dissolution rates decreased in the order As (2.96%) > Pb (0.93%) > V (0.35%) > Cd (0.25%) > Cr (0.01%). The specific surface area, pore size of the stone coal waste rocks, and chemical forms of heavy metals also influenced the release of heavy metals from the stone coal waste rocks. Kinetic analysis showed that the dissolution of heavy metals fundamentally agreed with the rate equation controlled by the shrinking core model. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the evaluation of heavy metals contamination from stone coal waste rocks.     

Evidence for iron, copper and zinc complexation as multinuclear sulphide clusters in oxic rivers

The availability and toxicity of trace metals in fresh water are known to be regulated by the complexation of free metal ions with dissolved organic matter. The potential role of inorganic sulphides in binding trace metals has been largely ignored because of the reduced persistence of sulphides in these oxic waters. However, nanomolar concentrations of copper and zinc sulphides have been observed in four rivers in Connecticut and Maryland. Here we report dissolved (< 0.2 microm particle diameter) sulphide concentrations ranging up to 600 nM, with more than 90% being complexed by copper, iron and zinc. These complexes account for up to 20% of the total dissolved Fe and Zn and 45% of the total dissolved Cu. Fourier transform mass spectrometry reveals that these complexes are not simple M(HS)+ protonated species but are higher-order unprotonated clusters (M3S3, M4S6, M2S4), similar to those found in laboratory solutions and bio-inorganic molecules. These extended structures have high stability constants and are resistant to oxidation and dissociation, which may help control the toxicity of these and other less abundant, but more toxic, trace metals, such as silver, cadmium and mercury.     

几种茶叶中Pb和Cd含量研究

茶叶溶出物中Pb、Cd含量的测定,讨论的是采用开水浸泡法、超声波萃取法、干法灰化法及湿式消解法处理5种市售茶叶样品,并用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其含量;结果表明不同茶叶品种中Pb、Cd含量有一定的差异,湿法消解中绿茶溶出的Pb含量超过国家限量标准;湿式消解法除碧螺春外,测得的Pb和Cd含量均高于干灰化法;超声波能萃取出茶叶Cd;5种茶叶品种开水浸泡后茶汤中仅特级花茶(成都)的一泡超过饮用水卫生标准值,二泡、三泡Pb、Cd均未检出,因此弃饮一泡茶基本无Pb、Cd危害。     

茶渣对Ni(II)的吸附性能研究

研究了茶渣对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附性能。分别考察了吸附时间、茶渣投加量、Ni(Ⅱ初始浓度、茶渣粒径、温度、pH值等因素对茶渣吸附Ni(Ⅱ)的影响。在吸附时间1 h、茶渣投加量1.2 g、Ni(Ⅱ)初始浓度200 mg/L、茶渣粒径60目、pH值11.2情况下,吸附率可达81%。表明了茶渣对Ni(Ⅱ)有较好的吸附性能。     

温州茶园螨类名录

本文报道温州地区茶园益害螨种类 ,隶属于 8科 16属 ,2 7种。其中植食性螨类 4科 7属 7种 ,食菌性螨类 1科 2属 5种 ,捕食性螨类 4科 7属 15种     

废茉莉花茶渣对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究

以废茉莉花茶渣作为吸附剂,对含Cr(Ⅵ)溶液进行了吸附研究。分别考察了吸附时间、茶渣投加量、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度、茶渣粒径、温度、pH值等因素对废茉莉花茶渣吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的影响。在吸附时间2 h、茶渣投加量为30 g/L、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度为40 mg/L、茶渣粒径60目、pH值2.5时,茶渣对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附率达98.7%。温度越高,茶渣对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附效果越好。废茉莉花茶渣对Cr(Ⅵ)具有较好的吸附能力,是比较合适的重金属离子吸附剂。     

废茉莉花茶渣对Cr(VI)的吸附研究

以废茉莉花茶渣作为吸附剂,对含Cr(VI)溶液进行了吸附研究。分别考察了吸附时间、茶渣投加量、Cr(VI)初始浓度、茶渣粒径、温度、pH值等因素对废茉莉花茶渣吸附Cr(VI)的影响。在吸附时间2小时、茶渣投加量为30g/L、Cr(VI)初始浓度为40mg/L、茶渣粒径60目、 pH值2.5时,茶渣对Cr(VI)吸附率达98.7%。温度越高,茶渣对Cr(VI)吸附效果越好。废茉莉花茶渣对Cr(VI)具有较好的吸附能力,是比较合适的重金属离子吸附剂。     

福建茶园蜘蛛种类与种群动态的初步研究

对福建茶区茶园蜘蛛开展普查和定期定点调查,初步查明福建省茶园蜘蛛有45种,明确了不同类型茶园天敌蜘蛛,有机生态茶园和综防示范园的害虫治理措施对蜘蛛有显著的保护作用,但综防示范园农药的使用对天敌蜘蛛仍然有一定的影响．此外,茶园耕作措施对台刈蜘蛛种群影响显著．蜘蛛是黑剌粉虱和茶假眼小绿叶蝉的重要天敌,尤其结网蜘蛛对其成虫表现出很高的网捕效果．     

富硅钒尾矿热活化及改性制备绿色环保“一体化”地聚合物

本研究的目的是通过热活化和改性的方式，将富硅钒尾矿制备成地聚合物前驱体。在热活化阶段，钒尾矿和氢氧化钠均匀混合后在高温下煅烧。掺入偏高岭土来调节热活化后钒尾矿的硅铝比例，并得到地聚合物前驱体。结合TG-DSC，SEM，XRD以及活化钒尾矿浸出试验结果发现，在热活化过程中，钒尾矿首先被氢氧化钠腐蚀，然后在颗粒表面形成硅酸钠。热活化后的钒尾矿在加水后，钒尾矿颗粒表面的硅酸钠层溶解，释放出硅组分并形成碱性的溶液环境。偏高岭土能够在碱性环境中溶解释放出铝组分，并与先前释放的硅组分发生地质聚合反应。残余未反应的颗粒通过地质聚合过程中产生的凝胶连接，从而紧密的粘结在一起，随后养护硬化成具有优异机械性能的地聚合物产品。本研究能够提高了地聚合物技术在大规模工业现场应用的可行性，能够促进钒尾矿及其他富硅的固体废物的综合利用。