涤纶织物的染色方法

介绍了分散染料对涤纶纤维的染色理论,新老染色方法,为实际生产提供了依据,对分散染料染色进行了展望和回顾。     

以混合间对二甲苯制备涤纶染色改性剂SIPM新工艺

目前,国内几个生产 SIPM 厂家所用间苯二甲酸全靠进口,而我国是盛产石油有大量二甲苯的国家。为发展改性涤纶,利用国内资源,不进口间苯二甲酸。用分去邻二甲苯和大部分对二甲苯的尚混有对二甲苯的间甲二苯为原料。经用氧气,常压低温催化液相氧化、磺化、酯化、分离和中和等制备了 SIPM.     

锦／涤交织物同溶双色染色的几种工艺初探

本文就锦／涤交织物的双色同浴双色进行了简要的分析讨论，指出了锦／涤交织蚊帐采用酸性／分散染料、交织锦缎采用分散／活性染料可获得一浴双色的效果。     

涤纶织物氯化亚锡拔染印花工艺的研究

研究了新拔染助剂ＷＴ－ＤＡ在涤纶织物氯化亚锡拔染印花上的应用工艺，确定了氯化亚锡和各种助剂的最佳用量范围，优化了汽蒸工艺条件．并筛选了部分底色分散染料和着色分散染料。研究结果表明，涤纶织物氯化亚锡拔染印花是可行的，拔染白度，着色鲜艳度及花型精细度均可达到要求。     

纯棉针织物的秦皮天然染料染色

以水为提取剂从中药秦皮中提取天然染料对纯棉针织物进行染色,研究不同媒染方式以及染料质量浓度、染浴pH值、染色温度及时间、媒染剂硫酸亚铁用量等后媒法染色工艺对纯棉针织物染色效果的影响.结果表明,后媒法染色效果最好,秦皮天然染料对纯棉针织物的后媒染染色最佳工艺为：秦皮天然染料质量浓度12g/L,染液pH 4,染色温度90℃,染色时间60min,媒染剂硫酸亚铁用量5g/L.织物经后媒染染色后得色均匀,各项色牢度较好.     

皂铝法处理涤纶织物的工艺探索及性能研究

本文采用皂铝法对涤纶织物进行改性整理,用正交试验设计法探索涤纶防水整理的较佳工艺条件,并对整理后织物的悬垂性、透气性、防水性、强度等性能进行测定,为涤纶织物的功能化改性提供了理论依据。     

涤纶织物氯化亚锡拔染印花工艺的研究(摘要)

由于涤纶是疏水性纤维，结构本身紧密，涤纶织物经高温高压染底色后采用氯化亚锡拔染印花必须借助于特殊的拔染印花助剂。本文研究了新拔染助剂WT－DA、有机酸、吸酸剂以及金属离子掩蔽剂对氯化亚锡拔染印花效果的影响，确定了各助剂的用量，并优化了汽蒸工艺条件，筛选了部分底色分散染料和着色染料。研究结果为：氯化亚锡拔染印花色浆由8份SnCI。，10～16份WT—DA，0．6份酒石酸，1～2份尿素，0．6～1份Na。SIO。和x份染料；印花后的汽蒸条件为190～200℃下汽蒸8～12min，相对湿度60％～70％；在此印花条件下，有9只底色染料和10只着色染料可用于拔染印花，拔染白度最高可达80％以上。     

用叠氮活性黄染涤纶的研究

研究了染色时间、pH、常用助剂等对自制叠氮类活性黄染料染涤纶纤维的上染百分率及染色深度的影响,从而确定了叠氮类活性黄染料常压沸染涤纶的最佳染色工艺。结果表明,该染料能在常压沸染条件下染涤纶,而且染色牢度好。     

苎麻变性及毛/麻混纺织物染色工艺的研究

研究确定了苎麻阳离子化处理的最佳条件,并对阳离子苎麻的染色性能作了初步的探讨。结果表明,用酸性染料染阳离子苎麻能使上染率显著提高,毛/阳离子苎麻混纺织物可用一浴法染色,染色牢度令人满意。     

涤纶织物抗静电整理

随着涤纶产量的增加，涤纶织物已被广泛接受。因而涤纶织物的抗静电整理已成为一个重要课题。本文就抗静电整理的机理等内容进行了论述。     

Effect of Ecotype Carrier for Disperse Dye on Dyeing of Polyester Microfiber

The effect of "Eco" carrier SML for disperse dye on dyeing of polyester microfiber was studied. With respect of the result of effects of SML on dyeing rate curve, dye build - up, migration of dyed polyester microfiber and K/S, color property, color fastness of dyed polyester microfiber fabrics, SML has a significant application perspective, deserving practical uses.     

Effects of Auxiliary Agents on the Dyeing of Polyester Super Microfiber

The influences of various auxiliary agents on solubility ofthe disperse dye were studied.In the presence of the auxiliary agents during the dyeing of polyester microfi-ber,the dye uptake and migration were measured andeffects of these agentes were discussed.The effect of mix-ture of these agents was also studied in an attempt to im-prove the levelling and depth of polyester super microfi-ber dyeing.     

苯甲醇在阳离子染料染阴离子改性涤纶中的作用机理

对文题的研究表明,染料阳离子与纤维内部的阴离子经离子交换而结合。染色是放热及熵减小过程。苯甲醇的存在,提高了染色饱和值和染色速度;降低了染色亲合力、染色热及染色熵;消除了环染,其效果随染浴(或纤维)内苯甲醇浓度的升高而加强。用红外光谱法及X-射线衍射法测定了经苯甲醇水溶液处理过的聚合物的结晶性能;用差式扫描量热法、拉伸试验和动态粘弹谱等方法测定了该聚合物的熔融及力学性能。结果表明,苯甲醇渗入了聚合物(纤维)内部,并减弱其非晶区的分子间的相互作用,但不破坏结晶区,同时导致纤维溶胀,链段淌动性加强,因而促进了染色。     

Study on the Camouflage-Protective and Dyeing Properties of Natural Dye Indigo

There are two major camouflage protections in modern military tactics:UV-protection and near infrared camouflage.However,not all natural and composite dyestuffs provide the mentioned properties.In this study,the cotton fabric was dyed with natural indigo and the natural indigo dyeing process was optimized.Green leaves were chosen as the simulating object,and the camouflage properties of the dyed cotton fabric were evaluated.It was observed that the dyed cotton fabric had good UV-protection and near-infrared camouflage properties.The UV-protection effect was strongly dependent on the absorption characteristics of natural indigo for UV radiation.The near infrared camouflage effect was mainly dependent on the reflection spectrum characteristics of natural indigo in the near infrared waveband.     

One-bath Dyeing of Polyester/Wool Blend with Disperse Dyes

The role of auxiliary LAB as vehicle in dyeing polyester/ wool blends with disperse dyes is described. Dye exhaustion and bonding on polyester/wool samples are studied under different experimental conditions - the LAB amount, the temperature and pH value - to achieve optimum conditions. The results are compared with those obtained with and without conventional dyeing auxiliary products. Although dye exhaustion is higher in the presence of commercial carriers, the dye bonded increases markedly in the presence of auxiliary LAB in both fibers. The role played by auxiliary LAB in polyester/wool blend dyeing can provide a new method for this process.     

分散染料微胶囊/活性染料涤棉一浴法染色工艺初探

采用原位聚合法对分散染料进行双层造壁，制得分散染料微胶囊并应用于分散染料微胶囊／活性染料涤棉一浴法染色．通过改变染色条件中的浴比、染色温度、保温时间，研究分散染料微胶囊／活性染料涤棉织物的一浴法染色新工艺，并得出最佳染色工艺条件．     

壳聚糖处理羊毛织物用 M型活性染料染色工艺探讨

文章探讨了pH值、温度对羊毛织物用M型活性染料染色的影响及壳聚糖脱乙酰度、浓度及分子量等对经壳聚糖处理后的羊毛织物染色性能的影响.结果表明,经壳聚糖处理后的羊毛织物用M型活性染料染色,能获得较高的固色率和K/S值.提高处理液中壳聚糖的脱乙酰度或浓度都能提高活性染料对羊毛织物的固色率和K/S值,而且对染色样的湿处理牢度和摩擦牢度影响不大.壳聚糖的分子量对织物的染色性能无明显影响.     

仿棉聚酯纤维针织物的起毛起球性能

以仿棉聚酯纤维纯纺纱、纯棉纱及4种不同混纺比的仿棉聚酯纤维与棉的混纺纱为原料,织成双罗纹针织物,对试样织物的起毛起球性能进行了对比,分析了纤维性能、纱线性能等因素对试样织物起毛起球性能的影响,以此探讨仿棉聚酯纤维针织物的起毛起球性能.结果表明:仿棉聚酯纤维针织物的抗起毛起球性能在一定程度上得到了改善,起毛起球等级与纯棉针织物相近.