Numerical simulation on the rheo-diecasting of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy

The effect of injection pressure, piston velocity, and the forming temperature of semisolid slurry on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy was investigated by simulation methods. The simulation results show that these processing parameters have an important effect on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy. The slurry flows steadily in the cavity when the injection pressure, the piston velocity, and the forming temperature are low, but it is prone to turbulent flow when the injection pressure, the piston velocity, and the forming temperature are much higher. Therefore it is necessary to determine the appropriate processing parameters to get a steady flow of the slurry in the cavity.     

流变压铸工艺参数对半固态A356铝合金充填性的影响

研究了半固态A356铝合金浆料的成形温度、压射比压和压射冲头速度对半固态A356铝合金流变压铸充填性的影响.实验结果表明:较高的半固态A356铝合金浆料的成形温度有利于获得良好的充填性.压射比压和压射冲头速度对半固态A356铝合金浆料充填性也具有较大的影响.在本实验条件下,压射冲头速度越大或压射比压越大,充填性越好.试片的壁厚对半固态A356铝合金浆料的充填性影响较大,试片壁厚越大,越容易充填.此外,采用低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌技术制备的A356铝合金浆料和流变压铸试片的组织分布很均匀,有利于获得优质的半固态压铸件.     

A356铝合金半固态成形的数值模拟

利用ANSYS有限元模拟软件,通过对温度场与速度场的耦合数值模拟,分析了触变成形过程中充型温度对A356合金半固态浆料流动及温度分布的影响.模拟结果表明:当充型温度为590℃,压射速度为5 m/s时,半固态浆料充型平稳,没有形成喷溅和卷气现象,温度分布没有明显的热节区域形成,半固态浆料成形效果最理想,有利于获得充型完整、轮廓清晰、内部组织致密的半固态成形件.通过实验对数值模拟所获得的工艺参数进行了验证.     

金属材料触变充填及其压力变化特征的模拟

分析了触变合金充填过程的压力变化特征,建立了耦合表观粘度的计算数学模型.对触变铝合金和钢件充型过程及压力变化进行模拟.结果表明,触变合金充型过程具有持续增加的压力变化特征,增加压力主要克服浆料流动阻力与重力,增加幅度约为0.12MPa.在成形充填速度范围内,触变合金呈现稳定的层流充填特征.相比触变铝合金,钢温度高容易引起触变成形过程的降温,表观粘度增大而导致铸件缺陷.半固态刹车泵体两种入流形式的充填压力模拟分析与实际成形结果表明,径向入流方式具有较高的成形质量.     

半固态镁合金压铸充型过程的数值模拟研究

在考虑半固态AZ91D镁合金充型过程的压力和速度变化特征的基础上,建立了模拟计算所需要的表观黏度数学模型.采用ProCAST软件,对半固态镁合金压铸充型过程进行模拟,预测卷气、夹杂物产生的可能性,以便优化其工艺参数和工艺方案.结果表明,与全液态镁合金充型过程相比,半固态金属充型平稳,模具寿命长,铸件质量好;改变内浇道和溢流槽的设置位置和数量,还可有效地减少铸件本身内部杂质,提高铸件质量.     

铝合金半固态触变充型过程的计算机模拟

分析半固态AlSi7Mg合金触变充型过程中各个阶段浆料的压力和速度变化特征,建立耦合半固态表观粘度的三维流场数学模型,在考虑半固态边界条件和气体阻力方程基础之上,采用SOLAVOF法对铝合金件的触变充型过程进行模拟计算.结果表明, 入流速度大小对半固态浆料充填流态有显著影响.小的入流速度浆料充填流态倾向于采用平稳充型,同时气孔等缺陷产生倾向也小.与刹车泵体轴向注入工艺相比,在一定入流速度下,采用径向注入工艺成形阻力较小,充型中不会出现充不满的铸造缺陷.上述模拟结果与实际相吻合.     

Preparation of semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry poured through a water-cooled serpentine channel

A water-cooled serpentine channel pouring process was invented to produce semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry for rheocasting, and the effects of pouring temperature and circulating cooling water flux on the microstructure of the slurry were investigated. The results show that at the pouring temperature of 640-680℃ and the circulating cooling water flux of 0.9 m3/h, the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry with spherical primary α(Al) grains can be obtained, whose shape factors are between 0.78 and 0.86 and the grain diameter can reach 48-68 μm. When the pouring temperatures are at 660-680℃, only a very thin solidified shell remains inside the serpentine channel and can be removed easily. When the serpentine channel is cooled with circulating water, the microstructure of the semi-solid slurry can be improved, and the serpentine channel is quickly cooled to room temperature after the completion of one pouring. In terms of the productivity of the special equipment, the water-cooled serpentine channel is economical and efficient.     

A356合金近液相线法铸造坯料及重熔加热组织研究

采用近液相线半连续铸造法制备了A356铝合金半固态坯料,并利用电阻炉加热,采用电子显微镜研究了近液相线铸造A356铝合金在二次加热过程中的组织演变.结果表明:A356铝合金半固态坯料组织呈均匀、细小的蔷薇状分布;在585℃加热,保温10~15 min,可获得半固态加工所需的触变性组织.而且,保温温度和保温时间共同影响着二次加热组织的演变过程.随着加热温度的升高,α相的生长和球化的速度变快,保温时间越长,晶粒球化度越高.     

Investigation of rheo-diecasting mold filling of semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry

The rheo-diecasting mold filling capacity and the microstructure of the semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry were investigated. The results show that the mold filling capacity was strengthened with increasing pouring temperature or increasing injection pressure. Under certain process parameters, the mold cavity was fully filled. However, the mold filling capacity decreased with increasing holding time. The mold filling capacity was improved with increasing shape factor of primary α(Al) grains; however, the solid fraction and the grain size significantly increased at the same time. In addition, the microstructures along the route of the spiral samples obviously differed. The grain size decreased gradually from the near-end to the far-end, whereas the shape factor increased gradually.     

基于有限元的轿车用制动盘轻量化可行性研究

针对某型车用制动盘,建立了多个紧急制动工况下SiCp/A356铝基复合材料制动盘和HT250铸铁制动盘的三维瞬态热机耦合计算模型,运用有限元方法模拟了盘式制动器的制动过程.通过分析比较不同厚度两种材料的制动盘在紧急制动工况下应力场与温度场的分布,讨论了SiCp/A356代替HT250的减重效果,用仿真实验验证了铝基复合材料制动盘应用于乘用车的可行性.     

面向制动踏板感觉的助力器主缸动力学模型

面向制动踏板感觉,考虑结构间隙、弹簧预紧力、摩擦力、反作用盘刚度、气体质量流量变化以及制动液体积弹性模量变化,建立了包含关键结构件、气体和液体的真空助力器-制动主缸复杂系统动力学模型.在无真空助力、无/有制动液工况下,分别对真空助力器和制动主缸进行试验,辨识了模型的关键参数.在此基础之上,开展了面向制动踏板感觉的真空助力器-制动主缸系统特性仿真,以进程阶段真空助力器推杆力-行程、主缸油压-行程和主缸油压-推杆力形成的3象限图为评价体系,利用试验分别验证了制动主缸模型、真空助力器机械系统模型和真空助力器-制动主缸系统模型的有效性.     

铝合金轮圈压铸充型凝固过程模拟分析

针对铝合金的压铸工艺特点和充型凝固过程的不透明性,采用华铸CAE软件对铸件进行模流分析,预测铝合金轮圈压铸缺陷位置,优化模具结构设计.模拟结果显示,采用双流道充型平稳,温度场分布均匀,具有较少的气体夹杂和冷隔等倾向,压铸件整体质量较高.     

电磁搅拌工艺参数对半固态AZ91D 镁合金组织的影响

研究了电磁搅拌工艺参数对半固态AZ91D合金组织的影响规律。结果表明：电磁搅拌条件下半固态AZ91D合金组织的固相颗粒为蔷薇状或粒状α—Mg，随电磁搅拌功率的增大，蔷薇状形态逐渐消失，固相颗粒形态趋于粒状和圆整；在实验范围内，随电磁搅拌电源频率的增大，半固态AZ91D合金组织中固相颗粒形态越来越圆整。这主要是由于电磁搅拌条件下半固态AZ91D合金组织的形成机理是以枝晶臂熔断为主，而在高频率下的电磁搅拌过程中，在搅拌室产生的集肤效应使得表面和中心出现宏观温度差，从而加强了固相颗粒随流场运动时的温度起伏，最终加速了枝晶的熔断。     

蛇形通道制备半固态A380铝合金浆料组织的演变

采用石墨质蛇形通道制备半固态A380铝合金浆料,并研究浆料制备过程中浆料组织的演变. 结果显示,合金熔体在蛇形通道内发生一次凝固,在其通道内壁的激冷和异质形核作用下形成大量的初生自由晶,半固态浆料的剩余液相在收集坩埚内发生二次凝固形成二次非枝晶. 初生晶粒的游离模型表明一部分初生自由晶直接生长为球晶,其他部分则成长为枝晶,枝晶在"自搅拌"的作用下发生缩颈和熔断,通过"自旋转"在蛇形通道内得到初步球化和熟化. 二次凝固形成的二次非枝晶在收集坩埚内得到初步球化和熟化,同时初生晶粒在收集坩埚内得到进一步球化、熟化和均匀分布.     

SiC_p/A356铝合金复合材料触变挤压研究

采用有限元软件DEFORM-3DTM模拟SiCp/A356铝合金复合材料电子封装壳体的成形过程,应用等温压缩实验数据分析材料模型触变成形过程中金属流动速度场和温度场分布,并对可能产生的成形缺陷进行预测.研究发现,一模四件的模型更适合半固态触变成形,缺陷可能出现在最后成形的成形件侧棱两角.     

安装MABS汽车制动过程仿真分析

汽车的制动性能是决定汽车行车安全性的重要性能之一，进行汽车制动性能仿真研究，探索提高汽车制动性能的有效途径具有重要意义。本文简介了ＭＡＢＳ（ＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌＡｄａｐｔｉｖｅ Ｂｒａｋｉｎｇ Ｓｅｔ）的结构和工作原理，并用七自由度整车模型对汽车制动过程进行了计算机仿真，分析了ＭＡＢＳ对汽车制动性能的影响，为正确使用ＭＡＢＳ来改善汽车制动性能提供了理论基础。     

Refinement of primary Si grains in Al–20%Si alloy slurry through serpentine channel pouring process

In this study, a serpentine channel pouring process was used to prepare the semi-solid Al–20%Si alloy slurry and refine primary Si grains in the alloy. The effects of the pouring temperature, number of curves in the serpentine channel, and material of the serpentine channel on the size of primary Si grains in the semi-solid Al–20%Si alloy slurry were investigated. The results showed that the pouring temperature, number of the curves, and material of the channel strongly affected the size and distribution of the primary Si grains. The pouring temperature exerted the strongest effect, followed by the number of the curves and then the material of the channel. Under experimental conditions of a four-curve copper channel and a pouring temperature of 701℃, primary Si grains in the semi-solid Al–20%Si alloy slurry were refined to the greatest extent, and the lath-like grains were changed into granular grains. Moreover, the equivalent grain diameter and the average shape coefficient of primary Si grains in the satisfactory semi-solid Al–20%Si alloy slurry were 24.4 μm and 0.89, respectively. Finally, the refinement mechanism and distribution rule of primary Si grains in the slurry prepared through the serpentine channel pouring process were analyzed and discussed.     

半固态ZL201铝合金的压缩变形行为

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机对用近液相线铸造方法制得的半固态ZL201合金进行了不同温度和不同应变速率下的压缩变形,并对实验结果进行了回归处理,建立了半固态ZL201合金在不同变形温度、不同应变速率下的数学模型.研究结果表明:当应变速率相同时,压缩应力随变形温度的增加而减小;当应变温度相同时,压缩应力随着应变速率的增加有先增大后减小的趋势.本实验可为半固态合金触变成形的数值模拟和优化半固态金属加工工艺参数提供基础数据.     

复杂盘饼类锻件等温精密塑性成形数字化设计

以铝合金环形座锻件为例,采用数字化技术进行了复杂盘饼类锻件等温精密成形工艺及模具的设计,实现了模具设计制造的一体化,提高了模具的设计质量和加工精度,缩短了模具设计和制造的周期,降低了生产成本．通过有限元模拟和实验相结合,分析了复杂盘饼类锻件成形时的金属流动规律,研究了成形方案对成形质量的影响,并采用优化工艺获得了尺寸精度高、质量合格的7A09铝合金复杂盘饼类锻件．研究结果表明,采用反挤变形方式可以控制金属的径向流动速度,能有效地防止复杂盘饼类铝合金锻件的折叠缺陷．     

Microstructure evolution and thixoforming behavior of 7075 aluminum alloy in the semi-solid state prepared by RAP method

The effects of isothermal treatments on the microstructural evolution and coarsening rate of semi-solid 7075 aluminum alloy produced via the recrystallization and partial remelting (RAP) process were investigated. Samples of 7075 aluminum alloy were subjected to cold extrusion, and semi-solid treatment was carried out for 5–30 min at temperatures ranging from 580 to 605°C. A backward-extrusion experiment was conducted to investigate liquid segregation during the thixoforming process. The results revealed that obvious grain coarsening and spheroidization occurred during prolonged isothermal treatments. In addition, higher soaking temperatures promoted the spheroidization and coarsening process because of the increased liquid fraction and the melting of second phases. Segregation of the liquid phase caused by the difference in fluidity between the liquid and the solid phases was observed in different regions of the thixoformed specimens.