A comparative study of the effects of muscimol and diazepam on the recall of noxious events

Summary Muscimol induced in rats a recall deficit which possibly results from a dissociation of learning. In one out of the 2 experimental conditions studied, a cross dissociation of learning was found between diazepam and muscimol.This work was supported by a grant of INSERM (ATP 39-76-71).     

A comparative study on the effects of brain extracts and mesodermal membrane extracts on nerve cell differentiation.

Extracts prepared from the mesodermal tissue surrounding the brain stimulate the differentiation of morphologically undifferentiated neuroblasts, while the differentiation of more mature neuroblasts is influenced by brain extracts.     

Amnesic effects of intravenous diazepam and lorazepam

Summary The amnesic effects of 2 benzodiazepine drugs, diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan), have been investigated. Some of the effects were similar to those of certain clinical amnesic syndromes. The effects were more extensive than previous work has indicated.Acknowledgments. The authors are grateful to Dr J. Hope and Dr D. Gosh for clinical assistance and to Dr T.V.A. Harry of John Wyeth and Brother Ltd, Dr W.H. Franklin of Roche Products Ltd and Professor J.B. Chappell for advice and discussion. We thank John Wyeth and Brother Ltd for financial support and for supplying lorazepam.     

Amnesic effects of intravenous diazepam and lorazepam.

The amnesic effects of 2 benzodiazepine drugs, diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan), have been investigated. Some of the effects were similar to those of certain clinical amnesic syndromes. The effects were more extensive than previous work has indicated.     

Effect of muscimol on dopamine metabolism of the rat hypothalamus

Summary Muscimol, a potent GABA receptor agonist, produced increases in DOPAC and dopamine concentrations in the rat hypothalamus. GABAergic receptors, therefore, modulate hypothalamic dopaminergic neurones.This work was supported by the National health and Medical Research Council of Australia. The authors are grateful to Dr P. Krogsgaard-Larsen, Copenhagen, for providing muscimol.     

Molecular orbital studies on the conformation of γ-aminobutyric acid and muscimol

Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der Molecular Orbital Theorie werden die bevorzugten Konformationen für die-Aminobuttersäure und das strukturell verwandte Muscimol, die neurologisch bedeutsam sind, berechnet.

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Supported by National Institutes of Health (US) Grant No. GM-16312.     

A comparative study of the gastric ulcerogenic effects of stress and reserpine in rats with decreased stomach wall mast cell populations

Summary Stress-induced gastric glandular ulcers in rats appeared less severe than those evoked by reserpine, although glandular mucosal mast cell counts were equally decreased. Prior depletion of the glandular mucosal mast cell population confirmed the hypothesis that an additional mechanism contributes to reserpine ulceration.     

A comparative study of the innervation of the choroid plexus in amphibia

The aminergic and cholinergic innervation of choroid plexuses in three species of amphibia was investigated. Plexuses of the Japanese toad and the bullfrog had poor innervation by adrenergic nerves of sympathetic origin, but in the clawed toad, these plexuses were heavily innervated by adrenergic axons from ganglion cells located in the plexus stroma. Nerve fibers positive for acetylcholinesterase were not found in the plexuses, except for a few fibers with very weak enzyme activity in the clawed toad.     

A comparative study of the innervation of the choroid plexus in amphibia

Summary The aminergic and cholinergic innervation of choroid plexuses in three species of amphibia was investigated. Plexuses of the Japanese toad and the bullfrog had poor innervation by adrenergic nerves of sympathetic origin, but in the clawed toad, these plexuses were heavily innervated by adrenergic axons from ganglion cells located in the plexus stroma. Nerve fibers positive for acetylcholinesterase were not found in the plexuses, except for a few fibers with very weak enzyme activity in the clawed toad.Acknowledgment. The authors are very grateful to Prof. T. Wasano (Professor emeritus of Kyushu University) for his encouragement and advice during the course of the present work.     

The action of muscimol on neurones of the substantia nigra of the rat

Summary Muscimol and GABA applied microintophoretically onto nigral neurones reduce the discharge rate of most of these cells. Bicuculline reversibly antagonizes the action of muscimol. I.p. applied muscimol reduces the firing rate of about half of the nigral cells tested.The valuable assistance of Mrs Alice Fonjallaz is warmly acknowledged.     

A comparative study of the regional distribution and structural attachment of cerebral glutamine synthetase

Résumé Des différences spécifiques de localisation régionale et d'attachement aux structures microsomiales de la glutamine-synthetase cérébrale sont décrites. L'administration intraventriculaire de doses non-convulsivantes de NaCl provoque chez le chat des modifications dans la fixation particulaire de l'enzyme aux structures corticales.

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This work was supported by grants from the United States Public Health Service Nos. He-1525 and NB-04549-01, and by the Institutional Grant to Tulane University IN-24E.     

A comparative study of the intracellular Ca++ movements in white and red muscle

Riassunto Dopo iniezione di⁴⁵Ca⁺⁺ in conigli, radioattività appare nei mitocondri e nel reticolo sarcoplasmico del massetere dell'adduttore magno. La quantità di radioattività, e l'attività specifica del Ca⁺⁺, sono molto più elevate nei mitocondri che nel reticolo sarcoplasmico del massetere. Sono dello stesso ordine di grandezza nei due organelli dell'adduttore magno. I risultati suggeriscono un ruolo prominente dei mitocondri nei movimenti intracellulari del Ca⁺⁺ nel muscolo rosso, ed un analogo prominente ruolo del reticolo sarcoplasmico nel muscolo bianco.     

A comparative study of some anti-inflammatory drugs in wound healing of the rat

Resumen Varias drogas anti-inflamatorias incluyendo una droga antiinflamatoria no esteroidea nueva fueron investigadas en heridas producidas en ratas. AHR-1911 resultó ser la droga menos depresora de la cicatrización de las heridas cuando se comparó con la fenilbutazona y la dexametasona. Un menor contenido de colágeno en las heridas fue observado con el uso de AHR-1911.

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This study was in part presented at IV Latin-american Congress on Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Caracas, Venezuela, July 9–14, 1972.

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AHR-1911 was kindly supplied by ProfessorN. Ercoli. Dexamethasone and phenylbutazone were supplied by Merck Sharp and Dohme and Geigy Laboratories, respectively, Caracas, Venezuela.     

A comparative study of inulin and sodium sulfanilate clearances in sheep and goats

Zusammenfassung Natrium-Sulfanilat-Clearance kann bei Schafen und Ziegen nicht als Mass für die Glomerulumfiltration verwendet werden, da Natrium-Sulfanilat glomerulär filtriert und tubulär sezerniert wird.

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Supported in part by M.S. Public Health Grant No. 5-SO 1 FR-0545-02.