基于循环谱特征的楼宇室内频谱感知算法

针对目前楼宇室内环境中,信道多径衰落和噪声不确定性等低信噪比情况下主用户信号检测性能较低的问题,提出了一种基于支持向量机(SVM)的主用户信号频谱感知算法.该算法融合了循环平稳特征检测和SVM算法的特点,对信号循环平稳特征参数进行特征提取,作为训练样本和待测样本,再采用SVM算法分别对有无主用户情况下的信号进行分类检测.仿真实验表明与人工神经网络(ANN)和最大最小特征值法(MME)相比较,所提算法可在低信噪比情况下,有效地实现对主用户信号的感知,具有较好的稳健性.     

基于动态组稀疏重构的频谱感知算法

针对认知无线电网络中宽带频谱感知问题,提出了一种基于主用户信号频谱结构的频谱感知算法,简称为DGS-SS算法.该算法首先利用压缩感知理论对信号进行欠采样,然后利用主用户信号频谱的组稀疏结构修正重构过程中的频谱和残差支撑集,从而能够加快重构主用户信号频谱的收敛速度,而且也能够提高主用户信号频谱的重构精度,最后利用重构信号频谱给出频谱空穴的有效检测.仿真结果表明,所提算法不仅能在低压缩比下精确重建信号频谱,而且对噪声变化具有更强的鲁棒性,从而有效地提高了频谱感知性能.     

一种基于支持向量机的认知无线电频谱感知方案

针对以能量检测为代表的传统频谱感知算法一般存在低信噪比下性能不足,容易面临隐藏节点效应,对检测灵敏度要求高等问题,提出一种新型的基于蜂窝认知用户位置定位的频谱认知方案。该方案以无线指纹数据库为基础,通过无线指纹定位驱动认知用户实现频谱认知功能。认知用户利用无线指纹对其自身进行定位,并根据指纹数据库确定其对于授权频段接入的可能性。针对网络中的主用户发射机位置存在已知和未知2种情况,可通过认知用户读取数据库来确定授权频段可用性,或将已收集获取的历史数据作为训练数据,引入支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)算法对认知用户所处位置的授权频段可用状态进行预测。此外,针对单个用户频谱状态预测性能不足的缺陷,提出了联合地理位置相近的多个认知用户的合作预测机制。仿真实验验证了本方案相对于传统能量检测算法的性能优势以及能效优势。     

基于随机矩阵理论的盲MEHM频谱感知算法

利用随机矩阵理论中样本协方差矩阵极限特征值的分布结果，设计了一种新的最大特征值-调和平均(NMEHM)盲频谱感知算法.NMEHM算法无需主用户信号及无线信道的先验知识，可以有效克服噪声不确定性的影响.仿真实验结果表明，相对于一些基于特征值检测的频谱感知算法，NMEHM算法的检测概率更高，且获得了比最大特征值-调和平均(MEHM)算法更优异的检测性能.     

基于独立感知理论的鲁棒语音识别算法

为了提高在噪声环境下语音识别系统的性能,对基于子带独立感知理论的语音识别方法进行了研究.这些方法利用人耳对不同频率信号感知的差异,以及噪声和识别对象的频域特征差异,分别采用线性分析、判决分析、多层感知机以及子带最大似然估计对噪声影响进行补偿.实验表明,子带分析采用非线性策略优于线性策略.基于独立感知假定的子带模型,虽然由于独立性假定丢失了带间相关性,但对于噪声环境下语音识别而言可以捕获噪声和识别对象的频谱差异,从而获得比全带分析更高的鲁棒性.     

基于循环相关滤波联合循环谱的频谱感知技术

为了实现认知无线电系统的动态频谱管理和接入,认知无线电设备需要不断地对频谱进行感知.针对传统的基于循环谱的感知原理,在低信噪比有限数据情况下其检测性能一般这一不足,提出了一种基于循环相关滤波联合循环谱的感知算法,分析了循环相关滤波器及改进算法.改进算法利用了循环相关滤波和循环谱的双重抑制噪声性能,而计算复杂度只是有限增加.仿真表明,改进算法比传统的基于循环谱的感知方法具有更强的抗噪声性能,适合认知无线电的需要.     

基于分数阶小波的频谱感知算法

针对非平稳信号在低信噪比下使用能量感知算法感知效果差的问题,提出了一种基于分数阶小波的频谱感知算法。首先对接收信号进行分数阶小波变换达到能量聚集与去噪处理的目的,之后对重构信号进行能量感知。仿真结果表明,该算法相比于传统的能量感知算法以及基于小波变换的能量感知算法,可以提高在低信噪比下对非平稳信号的感知效果。在感知概率为0.3时,基于分数阶小波的能量感知算法比传统的能量感知算法和基于小波变换的能量感知算法分别提高了6 d B和2 d B的信噪比增益;在虚警概率恒为0.1时,基于分数阶小波变换的频谱感知算法的感知概率为0.867,明显高于传统能量感知算法0.287的感知概率和基于小波变换的频谱感知算法0.628的感知概率。     

一种改进的基于MME的盲频谱感知算法（英文）

基于最大-最小特征值(MME)之比的盲频谱感知算法,最大的优势是感知判决过程无需无线信道、噪声方差和主用户信号等先验信息.然而在实际应用过程中,MME算法的理论判决门限值的确定相当麻烦.基于改进判决门限的MME盲频谱感知算法,相比传统的MME算法检测结果更可靠.实验仿真结果验证了新算法的有效性.     

有色噪声中一种新频谱检测器的设计

高效、可靠地检测到主用户的存在与否是认知无线电的一个重要环节.在实际生活中,观测噪声常为时间相关的高斯有色噪声,如果运用传统的基于高斯白噪声假设的频谱检测算法,检测性能将显著降低.该文以高斯有色噪声为背景,首先采用线性模型估计导频信号,然后根据估计的参数设计基于似然比的检测器,并推导得到了检测概率和虚警概率的解析式.仿真结果表明:在低信噪比下,与能量检测相比较,所提方案能有效地提高检测概率和检测速度.     

基于协作频谱感知和干扰约束的认知异构网络

针对异构无线网络的空闲信道检测准确率及网络吞吐量的优化问题,提出一种基于协作频谱感知和干扰约束的认知异构网络.首先,所提出的认知异构网络系统模型采用多个中心次用户(Center Secondary Users,CSU)节点协助其他节点进行频谱感知,并引入了能量检测阈值,在提高空闲信道检测准确率的同时节省检测能耗.接着,采用最大化数据速率的联合优化方程,在干扰功率的限制约束下为节点分配最佳的发射功率,降低干扰程度并优化网络吞吐量.实验仿真结果表明,相比较基于集群的协作频谱感知分配策略算法和基于QoS约束的能量感知竞争功率分配算法,该算法的网络吞吐量分别提升了3.4%和1.5%,平均频谱利用率分别提高了9.3%和7.4%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the