针对文胸设计的女性胸部形态美的研究综述

女性胸部形态是文胸造型设计的重要依据。在介绍了国内外女性胸部形态的研究现状以及对胸部美评价方法的基础上,提出应建立相应的评价指标,并指出评价指标与文胸穿着效果的关系是目前针对文胸设计需要解决的重要问题。     

文胸结构设计之一——罩杯省量的确定与处理

人体胸部省量是罩杯结构设计的重要依据。测量75B标准人台的胸部省量,计算并获得了75B文胸罩杯三个基本省量的大小。为了获得不同造型及不同塑形效果的文胸结构,对三个基本省量进行了转移和分配处理,为文胸的设计与生产提供了科学依据。     

基于人体生理特征的文胸材料弹性的选择研究

基于人体生理特征研究了如何选择文胸材料弹性的问题.测量了18～22岁的西北部健康成年女性在5种不同动作姿势时前胸、后背和体侧的表面皮肤拉伸的相关数据,并进行了分析;计算出前胸、后背和体侧的人体表面皮肤的变形率,得出在普通型文胸的杯片、侧片以及肩带靠近颈侧处应选择弹性较小的紧密材料,后片及肩带靠近肩端处应选用弹性及回弹性较好的材料;运动型文胸在近前、后腋点以及腋下等区间内应选用弹性及回弹性较好的材料才能使文胸达到功能性、舒适性和美观性协调统一的效果.     

罩杯省量值与其纸样分割的关系

为了使罩杯达到理想的形状\,做出美观\,自然,舒适的文胸,通过对75B人模胸凸全省的实测,对罩杯纸样分割和省量的关系加以分析,找出胸凸全省分配规律,从而设计出符合胸部特征和美学方面要求的罩杯纸样.分析表明,在文胸设计中,款式造型的立体感是依靠罩杯分割线来完成的,通过收省或分割来达到立体的造型.结合人体胸部形态和罩杯省量分布的效果,得到罩杯省量的两种基本收取方式.一种方式是在胸围线处作水平分割,省量分布在前中心和肋侧;另一种方式是通过BP点作垂直分割,分别在胸围线上方和下方各形成一个省.在这两种基本收省方式的基础上,根据造型、功能形式美等要求来设计罩杯分割线.     

上海地区青年女子文胸罩杯模型的研究

通过人体测量与数据分析得到表征上海地区青年女性乳房形态的各细部尺寸，结合理论分析与测量结果的计算得到上海地区青年女子文胸罩杯模型。     

Seamless Bra Cup Moulding of Fabric-Foam Laminated Materials

Seanmless bra cup moulding is an important manufacturing technique for the apparel industry,and in particular,for bra production.Polyurethane(PU)foams and/or fabric-foam laminated sheets are moulded into a desirable cup shape in order to fit the three-dimensional (3D)breast contour.Such foam cups not only provide a wide range of designs combined with difierent levels of softness and support,but also reduce production costs with minimum cutting and sewing of seams.In this study,two selected PU foam and fabric materials typically used for bra cup moulding were examined.Their respective performacce behavionr in relation to diffemat maflding tenmperatures and time changes were recorded and analyzed.The results reveal that cup heights are greatly affected by the use offoam arid/or fabric-foam laminated maerials.High moulding temperatures and/or prolonged dwell time could be required when defaming laminated materials and setting large cup sizes.Neverthelesst cup height cannot be taken as the only criteria to determine the optimal moulding cmditims,and this is especiaUy the case for large cup sizes.The design of mould beads is a major factor that affects the dimension changes of foam cups.In this respect,to control the foam moulding process,it is suggested that bra manufacturers examine the fabric/foam matedal properties to determine the optimal moulding condition,and quantify the shape of foam cups to enhance the design and develolxnmt process of aluminum mould heads.     

Study on Professional Process of Bra Design

The process of bra design in the underwear industry is studied. Several important aspects of the process were identified: sizing, fabric selection, pattern development and grading, the use of CAD system, fitting and wear trials. Although the design process relies heavily on the expertise and experience of designers, the modern technology such as CAD can facilitate and optimize the design process, and the fitting process on life models is essential for the underwear design. The differences between domestic underwear companies and foreign major ones mainly lie at the lack of dress form specially used for underwear design, lack of CAD/CAM or not making full use of them, and most of all, lack of the professional bra designers or even skillful pattern designers. The prospects and future model of bra design process were also elaborated in this paper.     

SKINNING MODELLING OF THE HUMAN BODY BASED ON NON-UNIFORM B-SPLINE

This paper describes the surface modelling method of the human body based on non-uniform B-spline. Tensor-product form of B-spline surface is employed in computation of surface interpolation. It is efficient to reduce the raw data of the human body captured from 3D surface scanner. The surface model acquired provides a coherent representation to the raw data, therefore is useful for 3D computer-aided clothing design.     

同胸围尺码的文胸纸样处理规则

通过观察相同胸围女性上身形体，修正女装原型基础纸样，探讨适合不同上身体形的文胸设计基础纸样．     

Improvement of the Fit of Bra Prototypes Developed Based on the Existing Bodice Blocks for Adult Women

An in-depth study of bra pattern designs based on the existing bodice blocks was conducted to improve bra fit.The two popular bra prototypes,D's and Y's prototypes developed based on the existing bodice blocks for adult women,were first analyzed to understand their structural differences.Four bra samples were created and modified with respect to the standard shape and size of 75 B female mannequin breasts to compare the fit of the two bra prototypes.The fitness of these four bra samples was then tested on the mannequin and also on a real model of the same size.The examples demonstrated in the paper illustrate the principles and procedures for designing good-fit bras,and the bodice blocks using to develop bra prototypes in this study can also be replaced and widespread applied in other kind of bodice blocks in the future.     

风力机叶片三维模型的计算机绘图法

根据风力发电机组叶片的结构特点,在三次样条插值函数拟合叶片翼型曲线的基础上,提出一种利用计算机建立叶片截面与三维模型的程序设计方法.该方法应用插值拟合理论求解叶片截面翼型曲线离散点的坐标,应用点的坐标变换理论求解各离散点空间实际位置的坐标,应用三维几何建模理论建立叶片模型.最后给出一个仿真实例.     

基于人体自然参数的内衣设计方法

在深入分析女性胸部造型自然尺寸关系的基础上,依据力学理论和审美原则,提出了一种内衣设计方法,可以将女性胸部调整到最为美观的状态。     

Human Body Modeling and Posture Simulating Based on 3D Surface Scan Data

This paper presents a new approach for modeling the human body by considering the motion state and the shape of whole body. The body model consists of a skeleton kinematic model and a surface model. The former is used to determine the posture of the body, and the latter is used to generate the body shape according to the given posture. The body surface is reconstructed with multi-segment B-spline surfaces based on the 3D scan data from a real human body. Using only a few joints parameters and the original surface scan data, the various body postures and the shape can be generated easily. The model has a strong potential of being used for ergonomic design, garment design, virtual reality environment, as well as creating human animation, etc.     

矿山三维实体建模

采用大型矿床三维软件Surpac构建了凡口铅锌矿深部矿床地质数据库,建立起了该矿的地表三维模型、深部矿体(-320以下)三维实体模型、主要断层三维模型、巷道工程三维模型以及矿体块体模型;分别采用普通克立格法和距离反比法对矿体金属元素品位进行了估值,运用估值结果分别按各金属元素和各中段进行了储量的统计计算,并将计算结果与矿山实际勘探获得的储量结果进行了对比分析.实践表明,所建模型和品位、储量计算结果可靠,从而有效地实现了该矿山深部矿体、岩层、断层、井巷工程等地下空间体的三维可视化,并为矿山深部矿床的有效开采和勘探设计及施工奠定了坚实的基础.     

道路路线三维整体建模方法研究

现有的道路三维建模方法只能实现道路模型与地形模型在外观上的整合,其内部关系是完全割裂的.深入研究了一种建立道路三维整体模型的方法.首先将设计点(特征线)与地形点(特征线)整合,形成原始点(特征线)集合.针对原始点集采用逐点插入算法进行Delaunay三角剖分,再依据约束边将初始三角网调整为约束Delaunay三角网,由此得到外观与内部拓扑关系均为整体的道路三维模型.实践表明,该方法具有整体性好、网形优、速度快的优点.图6,参11.     

网络协同设计下的三维建模技术

三维几何模型的共享是协同设计的关键,提出用形状特征来表达共享模型,并把形状特征参数化,创建特征模型的参数配置表.共享模型的任何改变均可描述为形状特征参数的改变,并能同时完成参数配置表的修改,通过遍历特征建模的历史记录来重新生产模型.提出了基于Internet的协同设计特征建模体系结构,由3D共享建模、网络特征建模服务器、特征建模用户和标准通信协议等组成.所有用户使用同一服务器,服务器维护3D特征建模、维护设计者意图、确保数据交互的一致性、保证所有用户实时更新并管理所有用户之间的通信交互.     

CAD／CAE在机械设计课程设计中的应用

为了提高学生的创新设计能力,在机械设计课程设计的各个环节合理运用CAD／CAE。在设计计算中应用计算机辅助设计计算,在设计绘图环节普遍采用AutoCAD绘图,椎荐学生先建立三维实体模型,对关键零部件进行CAE分析,最后生成二雏工程图。创建从三维到二维的设计模式,增强学生的综合运用能力,提高学生的就业技能。     

城市广场设计中的3D技术与人机互动

3D技术是一种新兴的计算机技术 ,它给城市广场设计带来了很大的便利。但是 ,目前在其使用中存在着一些误区。3D技术作为一种技术手段 ,不能取代设计者的思维和创造。该文旨在论述如何科学地利用 3D技术 ,以“人机互动”的工作方式解决广场设计中的问题。论述了概念模型、三维监控、动态模拟及光源虚拟 4种实现人机互动的设计方法 ,利用科学的方法和技术工具 ,从而激发设计者的思维活力     

基于“草图跟踪”的复杂曲面设计方法

介绍了基于原有产品图片资料的三维重建方法,即根据被仿制车型的图片资料,从二维信息中提取三维信息,在三维空间中重新构造出二维信息所对应的三维形体,重构汽车外形主模型的建模方法·利用CATIA软件中的草图跟踪模块,在3D视角中引入实际车身大小外形草图图像,作为构建车身三维几何模型的基础,依据现有参数化曲面理论和应用软件曲面造型方法,结合产品的外形情况,采用曲面分块车身建模方法,对车身建模和创新设计过程中涉及的关键技术进行了分析·     

协同设计的三维几何模型多粒度描述方法

为了保持协同设计中几何模型信息获取和信息传递的通畅,研究了三维几何模型不同粒度描述的组成部分,包括三维模型的几何知识,与制造工艺及产品生命周期相关的形状特征信息.由于粗粒度的描述方法过于注重信息描述的形式,细粒度的描述方法过于注重信息描述的内容,粗粒度和细粒度的描述方法均不能满足产品生命周期中的某些特定应用阶段的需求,所以提出了能克服粗粒度和细粒度描述方法固有弊端的多粒度描述方法,既能满足多方协同用户的需求,又能满足网络信息传输的需求.