Effect of Si on austenite stabilization,martensite morphology,and magnetic properties in Fe-26%Ni-<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis>%Si alloys

The effect of Si on the austenite stabilization, martensite morphology, and magnetic properties in Fe-26%Ni-x%Si (x=3.5, 5, and 6) alloys have been studied by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Mössbauer spectroscopy techniques. TEM observations reveal that the martensite morphology is closely dependent on the Si content. The volume fraction changes of martensite and austenite phases, the hyperfine magnetic field, and isomer shift values have been determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The Mössbauer study reveals that the hyperfine magnetic field, the isomer shift values and the volume fraction of martensite decrease with increasing Si content.     

快淬速度对Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe纳米晶双相复合稀土永磁材料相结构和磁性能的影响

采用熔体快淬法在不同快淬速度下制备了Nd8Fe86B6合金中Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe双相复合纳米晶薄带．用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）测量了薄带的相结构和磁性能．结果表明：Nd8Fe86B6合金的最佳快淬速度为18m/s，在此条件下制备的合金薄带平均晶粒尺寸细小．综合磁性能好；合金薄带的平均晶粒尺寸为24．4nm，磁性能为Br=0．69T。Br/Bs=0．66。Hc=296．1kA/m．     

热轧退火态Fe-6.5%Si合金的力学行为及形变机制

为揭示热轧退火态Fe-6.5%Si（质量分数）合金的形变机制，研究了该合金不同温度下的力学性能，并利用透射电子显微镜分析了其有序结构和拉伸样品中的位错组态。结果表明，在中温拉伸过程中，热轧退火态Fe-6.5%Si合金因位错塞积和位错缠结而导致加工硬化，该合金B2有序结构温度下，出现了超点阵位错，在800℃拉伸时，则呈现了140%的高延伸率。     

Fe,Cr及Fe（Cr ）合金磁矩的价电子结构分析

给出了确定单质或二元固溶体原子状态的简单快捷方法,应用该方法可清楚地给出固体中化学键网的分布、键强有关固体的其它特性,如熔点、电导率、磁矩、结合能、强度、韧性等,作为例子,建立了α－Fe,α-Cr和不同Cr含量F(Cr）合金的价电子结构,并对晶格常数和磁矩的实验结果给出了满意的价电子结构分析。     

Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy characterization of nickel deposition on bacterial cells

Recently bacterial cells have become attractive biological templates for the fabrication of metal nano- structures or nanomaterials due to their inherent small size, various standard geometrical shapes and abundant source. In this paper, nickel-coated bacterial cells (gram-negative bacteria of Escherichia coli) were fabricated via electroless chemical plating. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization results reveal evident morphological difference between bacterial cells before and after deposition with nickel. The bare cells with smooth surface presented transverse outspreading effect at mica surface. Great changes took place in surface roughness for those bacterial cells after metallization. A large number of nickel nanoparticles were observed to be equably distributed at bacterial surface after activation and subsequent metallization. Furthermore, ultra thin section analytic results validated the presence and uniformity of thin nickel coating at bacte- rial surface after metallization.     

离子型磁性液体中磁性微粒的TEM分析

将磁性粒子体积分数ψ为１５％和１０％的两种ＣｏＦｅ２Ｏ４离子型磁性液体静置半年后，ψ为１５％的磁性液体中沉积产生，ＴＥＭ分析表明，静置后的两种磁性液体的磁性微粒在物相成分，粒度分布上基本相同，差别表现在团聚程度上－ψ。为１５％的磁性微粒大量团聚，而ψ为１０％的磁性微粒则只有少数团聚，可见，团聚是造成ψｖ为１５％的磁性液体出现沉淀的主要原因。     

室温单轴压缩断裂后块状非晶局部自由体积增加的直接观察

利用透射电子显微术，研究了Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30块状非晶室温单轴压缩断裂后样品微观结构变化特征，实验观察到由于塑性形变的集中导致的局部区域内自由体积增加现象，表明局部自由体积增加主导着非晶合金的形变行为。     

Mg含量对可降解Zn-Ag-Mg合金的微观组织、力学性能、耐蚀性及细胞毒性的影响

制备了不同Mg含量的铸态Zn-5Ag-xMg(x=0,0.5,1,1.5,质量分数/%)合金。采用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、万能试验机、维氏硬度计、电化学工作站和CCK-8（Cell Counting Kit-8 试剂）等,研究了Mg含量对合金的显微组织、力学性能、耐蚀性能和细胞毒性的影响。结果表明,Zn-5Ag合金的第二相为ε-AgZn₃,而Mg的加入细化了合金的晶粒并新生成了Mg₂Zn₁₁相。随着Mg含量的增加,合金的抗压屈服强度从218 MPa提高到309 MPa,维氏硬度从71.4提高到131.9。电化学测试和体外浸泡实验表明,由于Mg含量的增加导致合金的耐蚀性能下降,体外降解速率由0.08 mm/a提高到0.16 mm/a。细胞毒性结果表明,Mg的添加可以提高小鼠胚胎成骨细胞（mouse embryonic osteoblasts cells,MC3T3-E1）的活力,所有合金表现出良好的生物相容性。     

Effect of rolling geometry on the mechanical properties,microstructure and recrystallization texture of Al-Mg-Si alloys

The effect of rolling geometry on mechanical properties, microstructure, and recrystallization texture of Al-Mg-Si alloys was studied by means of tensile tests, microstructural observations, and electron backscatter diffraction measurements. The results reveal that the elongation and the average plasticity strain ratio (r) values of the T4P (pre-aging plus natural aging)-treated alloy sheet with a rolling geometry value between 1 and 3 are somewhat higher than those of the T4P-treated sheet with a rolling geometry value between 3 and 6. The deformation and recrystallization microstructures of the sheet with a rolling geometry value between 1 and 3 are more uniform than those of the sheet with a rolling geometry value between 3 and 6. The former also possesses somewhat higher surface quality. H {001}〈110〉 and Goss {110}〈001〉 orientations are the main recrystallization texture components for the former case, whereas the latter case only includes H{001}〈110〉 orientation. Texture gradients are present in the two alloy sheets. Shear texture component F on the surface of the sheet with a rolling geometry value between 3 and 6 and its higher texture gradients have revealed that non-uniform deformation occurred during cold rolling. The effects of texture on the yield strength and r value were also discussed.     

（Nd,Pr,Ce）-Fe-B 磁体的组织与磁学性能

为开发低成本烧结钕铁硼磁体,用30% Ce 替代(Nd0.75Pr0.25)32.69Fe66.25B1.06磁体中的 Nd 和 Pr,研究了磁体在烧结及回火过程中的组织结构和磁学性能变化.结果表明,取向压坯在1030～1080℃烧结2 h 后,随烧结温度升高,磁学性能下降,烧结温度为1030℃时综合磁学性能均最好.烧结态 Ce 替代磁体的综合磁学性能优于未替代磁体.一级回火后,相组成和晶粒尺寸基本不变,边界结构也未发生明显变化,磁体性能基本不变,或有少量下降.二级回火后,晶界明显改善,获得较清晰且平直的晶界,磁体矫顽力均得到大幅提高. Ce 替代磁体的剩磁、矫顽力和磁能积均稍低于未替代磁体.     

Formation and tribology properties of polyfluoroalkylmethacrylate film on the magnetic head surface

A polyfiuoroalkylmethacrylate （PFAM） film has been coated on the surface of the magnetic head by a dipping coating method to modify the surface properties. The films were characterized by means of a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer （TOF-SIMS）, contact angle measurement and atomic force microscopy （AFM）. The results indicate that the concentration of the solution is the main factor affecting the thickness, contact angle and surface topography of the film. The magnetic head with the PFAM film at a concentration of 500 ppm exhibits the best tribology properties, and the stiction between the magnetic head and the disk is no more than 2.4 g after 20000 contact start stop （CSS） cycles. Therefore, a fully covered PFAM film with few defects helps improve the tribology properties of the magnetic head, and decrease the adsorbed contaminant on the magnetic head surface.     

Ni/Ti原子数比值对NiTiAlHf合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

采用扫描电镜、室温和高温压缩实验等方法研究了Ni/Ti值对Ni42+xTi50-xAl4Hf4(x=0～7)合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响.Ni42+xTi50-xAl4Hf4合金由NiTi基体和Ti2Ni相组成,随着Ni/Ti原子数比值的增加,Ti2Ni相的尺寸和数量急剧减少,析出强化效果减弱.室温时,随着Ni/Ti值的增加,NiTiAlHf合金的压缩屈服强度和显微硬度逐渐降低,塑性提高.高温下,当Ni/Ti<1时,Ti2Ni相的析出强化起主要作用,合金的屈服强度随Ni/Ti值增加而降低;当Ni/Ti>1时,Hf固溶强化作用的影响提高,并且Ti2Ni相趋于均匀弥散分布,使合金的屈服强度随Ni/Ti值增加而升高.在化学计量比(Ni/Ti=1)两侧,合金的屈服强度变化不对称.     

Effect of lower bainite/martensite/retained austenite triplex microstructure on the mechanical properties of a low-carbon steel with quenching and partitioning process

We present a study concerning Fe–0.176C–1.31Si–1.58Mn–0.26Al–0.3Cr (wt%) steel subjected to a quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process. The results of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tensile tests demonstrate that the microstructures primarily consist of lath martensite, retained austenite, lower bainite (LB), and a small amount of tempered martensite; moreover, few twin austenite grains were observed. In the microstructure, three types of retained austenite with different sizes and morphologies were observed: blocky retained austenite (~300 nm in width), film-like retained austenite (80–120 nm in width), and ultra- fine film-like retained austenite (30–40 nm in width). Because of the effect of the retained austenite/martensite/LB triplex microstructure, the specimens prepared using different quenching temperatures exhibit high ultimate tensile strength and yield strength. Furthermore, the strength effect of LB can partially counteract the decreasing strength effect of martensite. The formation of LB substantially reduces the amount of retained austenite. Analyses of the retained austenite and the amount of blocky retained austenite indicated that the carbon content is critical to the total elongation of Q&P steel.     

Effect of Co addition on crystallization and magnetic properties of FeSiBPCu alloy

The effects of Co addition on the microstructure,crystallization processes and soft magnetic properties of(Fe1 xCox)83Si4B8P4Cu1(x?0.35,0.5,0.65)alloys were investigated.The experimental results demonstrated that the addition of Co decreased the thermal stability against crystallization of the amorphous phase,and thus improved the heat treatment temperature of this alloy.Fe Co Si BPCu nanocrystalline alloys with a dispersedα0-Fe Co phase were obtained by appropriately annealing the as-quenched ribbons at 763 K for 10 min.Theα0-Fe Co with grains size ranging from 9 to 28 nm was identified in primary crystallization.The coercivity(Hc)markedly increased with increasing x and exhibited a minimum value at x0.35,while the saturation magnetic flux density(Bs)shows a slight decrease.The(Fe0.65Co0.35)83Si4B8P4Cu1nanocrystalline alloy exhibited a high saturation magnetic flux density Bsof 1.68 T,a low coercivity,Hcof 5.4 A/m and a high effective permeability meof 29,000 at 1 k Hz.     

热处理工艺对40CrNiMoA合金组织及力学性能的影响

为了提高矿用链轮耐磨性,延长其使用寿命,选取电渣离心铸造40CrNiMoA合金链轮件作为母材,研究热处理工艺对40CrNiMoA合金组织和力学性能的影响。采用正交试验法,研究不同热处理工艺对合金显微硬度、摩擦磨损及拉伸强度等力学性能的影响,并将测试结果进行极差分析和综合加权评分计算,得出最优热处理工艺参数,最后进行试验验证。结果表明,正交试验法得到的最优热处理工艺为880℃淬火0.5 h, 600℃高温回火2 h,样品热处理后的组织主要为回火索氏体,维氏硬度为364 HV,抗拉强度为1 166 MPa,磨损率为0.427×10^-4 mm³/(N·m);验证试验结果与正交试验分析结果相近,且热处理后的样品性能可达到使用要求。研究结果可为矿用链轮件热处理工艺提供理论依据,对有效解决链轮耐磨性和使用寿命问题具有参考价值。     

Al含量对AZ系镁合金燃点的影响

为了考察AZ系镁合金中不同Al含量对其初始熔化温度、燃点以及热解起燃时所处状态的影响,对镁合金初始熔化温度及燃点进行测试, 采用FESEM扫描电镜对实验镁合金组织及燃烧前合金表面形貌进行观察,采用XRD对合金进行物相分析.结果表明,AZ系镁合金中Al含量较低时对燃点的影响表现为,随Al含量的增加低温熔点相β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂生成并逐渐增多,引起合金初始熔化温度的下降,降低了合金的燃点.同时,纯Mg及AZ31镁合金是在固态下起燃的;AZ61和AZ80镁合金是在半固态下起燃的,但AZ80的固相率更低.此外,Al含量的增加有利于合金起燃前表面膜的连续性与完整性,减缓合金燃点降低.     

空位缺陷对高自旋极化材料Fe3F4磁电性能的影响

Fe3F4是一种高自旋极化材料，在自旋电子器件中具有广阔的应用前景。采用第一性原理赝势法计算了3种Fe空位缺陷对Fe3F4磁电性能（能态密度、电荷分布、分子磁矩等）的影响，并利用配位场理论分析了3种空位缺陷影响Fe3F4磁电性能的微观机理。     

Ca,Si和RE对AZ91合金的组织和性能的影响

Ca,Si和RE合金化和复合合金化AZ91的研究结果表明：Ca单独加入合金中和Ca,Si或Ca,RE同时加入合金中都能明显改善AZ91合金的铸态组织，Si和RE在合金中以Mg2Si和Al11RE3颗粒相形式存在，而Ca则主要溶解于β-Mg17Al12中，未形成新相，DTA分析表明，Ca溶入Mg17Al12后提高了它的熔点，亦即提高了它的热稳定性，这一点对合金的高温性能十分有益，使合金的蠕变性能得到大幅提高，性能最好的是含0.3%（指质量分数，下同）的Ca和2％的RE的合金，它在200℃/50MPa下的蠕变速率相对于基体合金AZ91降低了一个数量级，单独加入Ca对铸态AZ91合金有脆化作用，但Ca,Si或Ca,RE复合加入则能大幅提高AZ91合金的室温和高温强度，同时保持了与AZ91基体合金相同的或更好的塑性。     

膨胀运算的代数性质及其在提高膨胀运算效率方面的应用

该文主要研究和分析了数学形态学中膨胀运算的代数性质,对膨胀运算的两种定义,即基于集合论的定义和基于二维欧氏空间的定义,给出了等价性证明,说明了两种定义各自的侧重点,并在此基础上进一步阐明了膨胀运算满足交换律和结合律,并以结合律为基础讨论了结构元素分解在提高膨胀运算效率上的应用,给出了分解后各子结构元素中非零象素点的个数的乘积上限为eNe.     

Effect of long-period stacking ordered phase on microstructure, mechanical property and corrosion resistance of Mg alloys: A review

Magnesium alloys containing long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase have been received a great deal of attention in the last decade owing to their excellent comprehensive properties of mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. In this paper, some fundamental aspects of LPSO containing Mg alloys have been reviewed, including: (1) microstructural characterization, formation conditions and the associated phase transformation of LPSO phases in Mg alloys; (2) deformation mechanism of LPSO phases and their influence on the deformation mechanism of the Mg matrix; (3) effect of LPSO structure on the mechanical performance such as tensile strength, creep resistance, fracture toughness and fatigue strength; (4) corrosion behavior of LPSO containing Mg alloys and their possible applications as the biomaterials. Moreover, some remaining unsolved issues of the LPSO containing Mg alloys and the future target about how to further improve their service properties have been also described.