沙湾隧洞出口段特殊环境条件下施工方案选择

沙湾隧洞出口位于深圳水库左岸,针对施工面临的如下不利因素——洞顶为市政道路;出口段断面大部分位于库水位以下;隧洞出口段围岩无自稳能力;设计开挖洞底较出口施工平台低10.2m,出渣困难。设计采用了出口段先开挖上半断面,同时进行一次支护,下半断面留待全洞贯通后由内而外退行开挖并进行一次支护的落底和二次模筑砼衬砌的方案,有效解决了上述问题,确保工程安全并按期完工。     

超大断面浅埋隧道施工方法的数值模拟

以西成铁路客运专线得利隧道为工程背景,为合理选择超大断面隧道施工方案,使用ANSYS软件对该隧道B型断面进行了二维分步开挖模拟,分析了不同施工方法下隧道围岩及衬砌的应力和变形情况。根据西成铁路客运专线得利隧道的工程地质条件,分别探讨了台阶法施工和双侧壁导坑法施工工况下隧道衬砌的受力和变形情况。分析表明双侧壁导坑法施工引起的地层沉降小于台阶法施工引起的地层沉降,因而双侧壁导坑法施工的安全性高于台阶法施工。其中台阶法开挖的关键是上部开挖,双侧壁导坑法开挖的关键是核心土上部开挖。在隧道具体施工过程中,必须对这些重点部位加强监控量测,及时支护,确保隧道安全施工。     

浅埋扁平超大断面隧道围岩变形及核心土开挖合理长度研究

以重庆轨道交通5号线3标里程DK18+138.948~DK18+191.964区间浅埋扁平超大断面隧道工程为依托,对隧道围岩变形及双侧壁导坑法预留核心土开挖合理长度进行研究.采用数值分析软件MIDAS-GTS建立了核心土长度分别为20m、25m、30m隧道三维实体模型,将计算值与现场实测数据进行对比,验证了本文方法的正确性和有效性.通过地表沉降、围岩变形、掌子面附近拱顶下沉、掌子面挤出位移等方面综合分析,最终确定依托工程双侧壁导坑法核心土开挖的合理长度为25m,且不宜大于研究段隧道长度的1/2.本文的方法和结论为此类扁平超大断面隧道核心土留设合理长度问题的研究提供参考,并为施工提供理论支持.     

超大断面隧道开挖方法

分别论述了全断面开挖、长短台阶法以及分部开挖法等多种超大断面隧道开挖适宜施工技术。     

隧道喇叭口及大跨段施工技术

毛羽山隧道进口段喇叭口断面特殊,不同断面间过渡段多,在前期施工中对隧道围岩特性作了详细研究后制定了小间距两单线隧道、连拱隧道及大跨隧道段的开挖顺序及施工方案,以及不同隧道断面之间进行过渡的复杂施工方案,对于跨度大、围岩软弱及构造复杂的高风险隧道段,详细阐述了开挖及支护方案,为以后类似铁路隧道断面施工提供了一定的借鉴意义。     

超大断面隧道工法转换过渡段最优长度

隧道掘进过程中掌子面围岩状况不停变化,通常情况下针对不同围岩级别,采用不同的开挖工法,不同开挖方式对应的不同支护体系有着不同的受力模式,因此工法转换处围岩-支护体系复杂.以京沪高速济南连接线工程龙鼎隧道为背景,结合现场实测及数值模拟的方法研究施工方法由中隔墙(center diagram,CD)法施工转换为台阶法施工时结构内力及围岩应力状态的变化,研究最优的工法转换时机,确定工法转换过渡段最优长度,并在实际工程中验证.在工程所出现的围岩由Ⅳ2级突变为Ⅲ2级的情况下,超大断面隧道由CD法转换为台阶法设置10 m的过渡段是合理的.过渡段的设置有效减小了拱顶沉降,优化了支护与围岩受力状态,有利于围岩及支护结构稳定;并且可以最大程度保证工程进度.     

六盘山隧道1号斜井与正洞交叉口段施工技术

新建天平铁路六盘山隧道进口为双线隧道,隧道开挖断面大、工期紧,为加快施工进度,选择合理的斜井转正洞施工方法具有重要的意义。介绍了由小断面进入大段面施工的直接一次切入法,结合六盘山隧道进口斜井进入正洞交叉口段施工为工程背景,对小断面斜井进入正洞施工的施工技术进行了详细探讨。     

超前地质预报在淘金山隧道施工中的综合应用

1前言 向莆铁路淘金山隧道位于福建省沙县境内,设计为单洞双线,隧道全长8093m,洞身最大埋深252．77m,最大开挖断面145m^2。该隧道为我指挥部地质条件较复杂的隧道,为了有效防范并降低施工风险,做到隧道开挖支护为动态施工,通过采用综合超前地质预报手段,即地质素捕法、超前水平钻孔法、TSP203法,     

高速铁路超大断面隧道施工方法研究

根据武广铁路客运专线的建设需要,针对有效净空断面积为100m2的超大隧道断面施工方法进行了系统的理论分析,提出了一套合理的针对不同地层所应采取的施工方法。     

某倒虹吸主体工程施工技术

倒虹吸是输水工程中常用的建筑物,其施工技术备受关注。某倒虹吸由进口渐变段、进口检修闸、管身段、出口控制闸和出口渐变段组成,建筑物总长336,m。从土方开挖、土方回填、CFG桩施工及混凝土施工4个方面介绍了该倒虹吸管身段的施工技术,供类似工程参考。提出只有严格按照工艺要求进行施工才能保证施工的安全、质量和工期。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that