考虑区域约束的预应力型钢混凝土梁受弯承载力研究

为研究预应力型钢混凝土框架梁中型钢对混凝土约束作用及对梁承载力的影响,对前期有黏结预应力型钢混凝土框架试验进行研究。研究发现型钢能有效地约束预应力型钢混凝土框架梁中核心混凝土变形,改善受压混凝土破坏时的脆性性能,提高梁的受弯承载力。在此基础上,提出将预应力型钢混凝土框架梁作为压弯构件,参照文献的区域约束混凝土理论,在叠加基础上考虑约束混凝土的额外强度来计算梁的受弯承载力;提出考虑区域约束影响的承载力计算方法,计算结果与试验试件极限状态受弯承载力对比,计算值与试验值比值的平均值为0.98,吻合较好。     

预应力筋应力腐蚀后预应力混凝土梁受力性能研究

为研究预应力筋应力腐蚀对预应力混凝土梁承载力和耐久性的影响,设计制作了7根用人工坑蚀模拟预应力筋受应力腐蚀的预应力混凝土梁,进行静力受力性能试验。试验结果表明:预应力筋坑蚀后的预应力混凝土梁的开裂荷载、极限荷载低于普通预应力混凝土梁,并随坑蚀深度的增大而下降;增大预应力度可提高应力腐蚀预应力筋混凝土梁的开裂荷载;增大非预应力钢筋的配筋率可提高预应力混凝土梁的开裂荷载、极限荷载;随着坑蚀的增大,构件抗弯刚度迅速下降;提高预应力度可减缓构件抗弯刚度的下降,而增大非预应力钢筋的配筋率对抗弯刚度的影响则较小。根据该文预应力筋坑蚀后的预应力混凝土梁极限承载力计算公式得到的理论值与实测值相吻合,可供工程实践参考。     

无粘结预应力RPC简支梁受弯性能分析

活性粉末混凝土是一种新型超高性能混凝土材料,为了详细评估非预应力筋配筋率、预应力筋配筋率、混凝土强度、非预应力筋屈服强度等对预应力混凝土梁的受弯性能的影响,建立了上述各种参数影响下的无粘结预应力砒,C简支梁的有限元模型。通过对比分析研究得出随着非预应力筋配筋率和无粘结预应力钢绞线配筋率的提高,跨中极限弯矩增大,跨中极限挠度和钢绞线应力增量降低;随着非预应力筋的屈服强度、混凝土轴心抗压强度的提高,跨中极限弯矩和挠度也缓慢增大,力筋应力增量相应增加。为实际工程预应力RPC结构的优化设计提供参考数据。     

预应力CFRP加固混凝土梁的试验研究

为了揭示预应力碳纤维布加固混凝土构件的效果,分别采用普通碳纤维布和预应力碳纤维布对4根钢筋混凝土梁进行抗弯性能试验研究。试验分析了预应力碳纤维布加固混凝土梁的屈服荷载、极限荷载、抗弯刚度等性能指标,并分别比较了预应力碳纤维布与普通碳纤维布、不同预应力水平碳纤维布的破坏形态及加固效果。试验结果表明,采用预应力碳纤维布加固混凝土梁可以充分发挥碳纤维布的高强性能,预应力碳纤维布加固的混凝土梁要比普通碳纤维布加固混凝土梁的承载力、刚度等性能指标都有明显提高,而且预应力水平越大,提高的效果越明显。     

HPFL加固混凝土结构斜截面承载力计算及工程应用

通过高性能水泥复合砂浆钢筋网(HPFL)加固的6根约束梁和3根未加固的对比梁、6根一点集中加载简支梁和1根对比梁以及9根两点集中加载简支梁和3根对比梁的抗剪性能试验,研究了HPFL加固技术对混凝土约束梁、一点集中加载简支梁和两点集中加载简支梁抗剪性能的影响和作用,分析了抗剪加固对约束梁的开裂荷载和极限荷载的影响.结果表...     

缓粘结预应力混凝土T梁预应力效应分析

进行了2根预应力混凝土T梁的长期试验,通过对2种不同预应力施工工艺的混凝土梁在预应力施加后21 d的观测,研究了混凝土梁的跨中应变、预应力损失、挠度等方面的内容并进行了对比,在叠加法的基础上提出了计算存梁期间预应力混凝土简支梁挠度的理论方法.试验结果表明,缓粘结预应力梁与普通预应力梁的实测应变、挠度值发展规律基本相同.通过计算值与理论值的分析比较,验证了本试验理论计算的可靠性和精度,表明缓粘结预应力梁在存梁期有着与普通预应力混凝土梁相同的预应力效应.     

有腹筋预应力超高强混凝土梁受剪承载力试验研究

为揭示有腹筋预应力超高强混凝土梁受剪性能,通过11根预应力超高强混凝土梁和4根预应力普通混凝土梁受剪性能试验,对比分析了不同参数对试验梁的破坏形态、荷载-挠度曲线、承载能力和钢筋应变的影响.结果表明:预应力超高强混凝土梁的破坏形态与预应力普通混凝土梁相似,且预应力超高强混凝土梁具有更好的刚度、承载能力和剪切延性.增大剪跨比和箍筋间距均可降低极限承载力,另外,当预应力度大于0.34时,提高预应力度对极限承载力才有积极贡献.建立了有腹筋预应力超高强混凝土梁斜截面受剪承载力的计算公式,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好.此外,利用现行规范(GB 50010-2010)计算有腹筋预应力超高强混凝土梁受剪承载力的计算结果离散性较大,计算结果不稳定.     

大直径高强预应力筋混凝土梁承载能力数值分析

目的研究大直径高强钢绞线预应力混凝土梁受力性能,进一步扩展大直径高强预应力筋在实际工程中的应用范围.方法以直径为17.8 mm的1860级钢绞线作为预应力筋,普通钢筋作为非预应力筋,设计制作了6根大直径高强钢绞线预应力混凝土简支梁.试验梁进行三分点加载试验,基于相关试验数据和数值分析方法,对大直径高强钢绞线预应力混凝土梁进行受弯承载力非线性研究,探讨预应力筋配筋率、非预应力配筋率、预应力筋强度指标和混凝土强度等级等参数对模拟梁构件承载力影响规律.结果预应力筋配筋率的提高即能够明显改善预应力混凝土梁构件变形性能,又能提高梁构件承载能力;混凝土强度等级与非预应力配筋率是影响梁构件受弯承载力的重要因素.结论通过对大直径高强预应力筋混凝土梁构件的参数分析,为工程实践提供依据的同时,也为其更广泛的技术应用提供设计参考.     

集中荷载作用下无粘结预应力混凝土梁的试验研究

针对无粘结预应力梁的特点 ,对集中荷载作用下抛物线布筋的无粘结部分预应力混凝土简支梁和连续梁进行对比试验 ,分析了它们的受弯性能。结果表明 ,合理配筋的两跨同时对称加载的连续梁能在形成充分塑性铰后而破坏 ,无粘筋极限应力增量有所提高 ,而连续梁的极限承载力有较大提高。     

钢筋混凝土简支梁的耐火极限

编制了普通／高强混凝土简支梁高温反应的全过程分析程序,程序中近似考虑了高强混凝土的爆裂效应,程序的有效性得到了其他学者试验结果的验证．文中针对不同荷载比、混凝土保护层厚度、跨高比和配筋率共288种工况,进行普通／高强混凝土简支梁的高温反应分析,揭示了各主要参数对上述两类简支梁耐火极限的影响规律,并对两者进行对比．通过计算,定量地给出了两类简支梁耐火极限的简化确定方法．结果表明：高温爆裂对高强混凝土简支梁的耐火极限影响显著;严格控制荷载比和适当增加混凝土保护层厚度是提高普通／高强混凝土简支梁耐火极限的有效措施．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the