单晶硅衬底上金刚石成核密度的研究

本文研究了用热灯丝化学气相沉积方法在单晶硅衬底上制备金刚石薄膜时其成核密度与制备条件的关系。结果表明,衬底表面状态、衬底温度、灯丝温度、灯丝与衬底表面间距离等对金刚石成核密度有明显的影响,且表面状态的影响最大。     

采用磁过滤MEVVA源制备DLC膜的研究

采用磁过滤MEVVA沉积技术以石墨为阴极在几种衬底表面(单晶硅、不锈钢和工具钢等)上制备高质量类金刚石(DLC)薄膜.实验结果表明,沉积能量对薄膜的sp3键含量的影响为先随能量的增加而增加,达到最大值后,再增加沉积能量含量反而下降.硬度测试结果表明,非晶金刚石薄膜具有极高的硬度,为70～78GPa,远远高于衬底材料的硬度值.对非晶金刚石薄膜的摩擦性能试验结果表明,非晶金刚石薄膜的摩擦因数为0.16～0.2,大大低于衬底材料.     

直流电弧等离子喷射法沉积大面积金刚石厚膜的研究

在自行研制的直流电弧等离子喷射化学气相金刚石膜设备上,初步研究了衬底温度、甲烷浓度、输入功率和循环气量等工艺参数对沉积金刚石膜的影响.总结出了制备各种级别金刚石膜的一般规律.并以11μm/h的沉积速率制备了直径60mm、厚度均匀的高质量自支撑金刚石膜,热导率可达18W/cm·K,厚度为0.7mm,其热导率已接近天然金刚石.     

MPCVD金刚石薄膜形貌与晶向

以甲烷、氢气做为气源,利用微波等离子气相沉积的方法在硅片上沉积金刚石薄膜。研究了不同浓度的甲烷对金刚石薄膜形貌和晶向的影响。结果表明:当甲烷浓度为2.44%时,金刚石薄膜晶粒尺寸小,晶形较差,晶面取向以(111)、(220)面为主;甲烷浓度为0.50%时,金刚石薄膜晶粒尺寸较大,晶粒棱角分明,晶面取向以(111)面为主。     

CVD金刚石薄膜的织构与显微组织研究

对直流电弧等离子喷射化学气相沉积法(CVD)制备的自支撑金刚石薄膜,用X射线衍射测量了薄膜织构,并用扫描电镜观察了薄膜显微组织。发现金刚石薄膜的织构为{110}、{111}、{112}和{221}等纤维织构。实验结果表明,金刚石薄膜比较致密并且晶形比较完整,不同生长因子对应不同立方体-八面体几何形状。分析和讨论了金刚石薄膜的制备工艺参数如衬底温度和甲烷浓度对其织构和显微组织产生的影响。     

热丝化学气相法合成金刚石的温度场仿真及试验

为了对热丝化学气相法沉积金刚石薄膜的工艺进行优化,提出了以有限元法模拟金刚石薄膜沉积系统三维温度场的新方法.在有限元仿真中,分析了温度场中热丝温度、直径、热丝排布、热丝与衬底距离等参数对衬底温度及均匀性的影响.在此基础上,通过热丝化学气相法沉积金刚石薄膜和生长单晶金刚石颗粒的试验验证了仿真结果的正确性.实验和仿真结果一致表明,热丝排布以及热丝与衬底间距离是影响金刚石薄膜沉积温度场的主要因素.     

金刚石薄膜的制备、表征和场发射性能

系统研究了在微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)系统中,甲烷浓度、沉积气压、气体流量比、衬底的预处理等参数工艺对金刚石薄膜质量的影响,不同样品的扫描电镜(SEM)图片表明上述参数工艺对金刚石薄膜的微观形貌如:晶粒尺寸、均匀性、膜的连续性、致密性等具有重要影响.金刚石薄膜样品尖锐的1332cm-1Raman峰表明金刚石膜具有很高的晶化质量,与SEM图片一致.最后研究了样品的场发射特性,获得了较低的发射阈值电压4.4V/μm,电压为650V时,得到较高的约128mA/cm2的发射电流密度.     

衬底温度对射频磁控溅射制备ZnO薄膜结构的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备ZnO薄膜.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对不同衬底温度下制备薄膜的相结构和表面形貌进行分析.结果表明,在衬底温度为400℃时制备的ZnO薄膜表面光滑,晶粒尺寸均匀,结构致密,且沿c轴择优生长.     

超细晶粒金刚石涂层钻头的制备与实验

以钻头为例，根据其复杂形状衬底的特点，研究了一种新的化学预处理方法，并在传统化学气相沉积(CVD)工艺的基础上发展了一种新的CVD分阶段沉积法．实验以氢气和丙酮为原料，采用电子增强热丝CVD法在复杂形状硬质合金(WC-Co)钻头最外表面复合涂覆一层超细晶粒金刚石薄膜，并对碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料进行了钻削实验．结果表明，所制备的超细晶粒金刚石涂层薄膜表面光滑，晶粒尺寸细小，涂层质量良好．提高和改善了涂层刀具的耐用度和切削性能．     

等离子体增强化学气相沉积法制备类 金刚石薄膜研究综述

类金刚石薄膜由于其独特的物理化学特性,使得该薄膜在光学、电学、机械、医学、航空航天等领域得到了广泛应用。等离子体增强化学气相沉积(plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, PECVD)制备类金刚石是近几十年兴起的新的制备类金刚石薄膜的方法,因其对沉积温度要求低,对基底友好,同时还具有沉积速率快和无转移生长的优势,获得了越来越多的研究者关注。详细介绍了类金刚石薄膜优异的特性,阐述了在等离子化学气相沉积条件下,不同沉积条件对沉积类金刚石薄膜结构特性的影响。衬底的选择直接影响着沉积类金刚石薄膜的性能,不同的衬底直接决定着生成类金刚石结构中sp³相的数量和质量;沉积参数是最为常见的控制条件,对沉积薄膜的总体效果影响也是最大的,改变沉积参数,沉积薄膜的表面将会变得更加光滑致密;常用的掺杂元素是硅和氮,掺杂元素的引入往往是为了降低沉积薄膜的内应力,提高与衬底间的结合力,延长使用寿命等;由于很难直接在金属上沉积类金刚石薄膜,所以常通过制备复合层来改善沉积效果。最后对类金刚石薄膜的发展以及今后研究方向进行了展望。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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