鹤煤八矿掘进工作面控制预裂爆破技术消突效果考察

鹤壁八矿掘进工作面在实施顺层钻孔预抽煤巷条带煤层瓦斯和控制预裂爆破技术相结合的措施,本文以控制预裂爆破技术的消突效果考察为重点,从煤层瓦斯含量的变化、爆破前后工作面瓦斯涌出量的变化及爆破前后顺层（巷帮）钻孔抽放效果的变化对控制预裂爆破技术的消突效果进行分析考察。     

新安煤矿顺层钻孔预抽煤层瓦斯技术参数研究

本文选用新安煤矿17#煤层111706采煤工作面作为本煤层顺层钻孔预抽瓦斯技术试验区,研究17#煤层合理的预抽瓦斯技术参数值。通过对该矿17#煤层111706工作面预抽瓦斯数据分析得出:预抽试验区采用交叉布孔法预抽量可提高40%,Φ94 mm大直径钻孔预抽量比Φ65 mm直径钻孔增加34%,以预抽率作为17#煤层预抽防突有效性指标是可行的。预抽率大于25%时,就可以达到消除煤与瓦斯突出危险。但只有预抽率达到30%以上,钻屑检验指标K1才不会超标。钻场内钻孔抽采瓦斯浓度大于巷道钻孔抽采瓦斯浓度可达1倍,其最小封孔深度应不小于5 m.建议施工双向抽采钻孔来覆盖全工作面,掘进工作面钻孔深度控制在100 m范围内。     

Research on the Technical Parameters of Pre-draining Gas with the Bedding Boreholes in Xin'an Mine

本文选用新安煤矿17#煤层111706采煤工作面作为本煤层顺层钻孔预抽瓦斯技术试验区,研究17#煤层合理的预抽瓦斯技术参数值.通过对该矿17#煤层111706工作面预抽瓦斯数据分析得出:预抽试验区采用交叉布孔法预抽量可提高40％,Φ94 mm大直径钻孔预抽量比Φ65 mm直径钻孔增加34％,以预抽率作为17#煤层预抽防突有效性指标是可行的.预抽率大于25％时,就可以达到消除煤与瓦斯突出危险.但只有预抽率达到30％以上,钻屑检验指标K1才不会超标.钻场内钻孔抽采瓦斯浓度大于巷道钻孔抽采瓦斯浓度可达1倍,其最小封孔深度应不小于5m.建议施工双向抽采钻孔来覆盖全工作面,掘进工作面钻孔深度控制在100 m范围内.     

水力压裂增透技术在煤巷掘进中的应用

针对高瓦斯低透气性突出煤层,若直接采用钻孔抽放瓦斯,则存在抽采效果差、抽放时间长、抽放率不高的问题。为提高低透气性煤层的抽放效率,达到预防瓦斯突出的效果,运用水力压裂增透技术在同华煤矿K1半煤岩巷掘进工作面进行了试验。试验结果表明,采用水力压裂能够增加煤层透气性,提高单孔瓦斯抽采浓度和流量,减少防突施工对掘进工作的影响,提高预抽瓦斯效果,减少掘进面生产期间的安全隐患。使掘进面瓦斯日抽采量增加120%以上、日掘进进度增加80%以上。     

低渗透煤层合增透技术应用

为增加低渗透高瓦斯煤层的透气性,提高瓦斯利用率和抽采效率,提出低渗透煤层复合增透的方法.利用RFPA2D-Flow和FLAC3D软件分别对水力压裂裂缝的起裂、延伸与扩展规律和CO_2增透钻孔内提前制造不同长度的预裂缝对爆破致裂增透效果的影响情况进行模拟.进行井下复合增透效果工业试验,运用瓦斯压力降低法分析预裂后煤层瓦斯抽采半径.结果表明:模拟注水压裂27 PMa时,割缝半径约2 m,随着煤壁预裂缝长度增加,CO_2爆破致裂影响半径呈线性递增的趋势.现场复合增透后煤层抽采率显著提高,有效半径由原来单一水力压裂的2 m增加到7 m左右.     

低透气性煤层CO2增透预裂技术应用

 针对低透气性煤层掘进过程中,瓦斯抽放难度高、掘进效率低等难点问题,提出应用CO₂增透预裂技术,提升煤层透气性系数与瓦斯抽放效率,提高工作面掘进效率。应用岩土力学模拟软件,模拟分析了煤层掘进过程中煤体破坏分布与应力分布状态。模拟结果表明:掘进过程中,巷道两帮破碎区域为距巷帮0~3m的范围,巷帮主要应力集中区域为距巷帮3~4m的区域,应力为18.0~18.9MPa。根据数值模拟结果,设计了煤层CO₂增透的预裂孔与抽放孔的详细参数,进行了现场验证。现场试验与效果分析表明:预裂前后钻场瓦斯抽采瓦斯纯流量提高了27%,瓦斯抽放浓度提高了1.7倍,可解吸瓦斯量由7.27降到4.30m³/t,掘进效率明显提高。     

深孔预裂爆破强化抽放瓦斯的研究

介绍了煤体预裂爆破的机理及深孔预裂爆破抽放瓦斯的工艺试验研究，对预裂爆破抽放效果进行了详细分析，得出了深孔预裂爆破强化抽放瓦斯方法能够大幅度提高煤层瓦斯抽放效果，实现快速抽放的结论。     

低透煤层CO_2相变致裂增透解吸技术的应用

针对贵州省喀斯特地质条件下松软低透高瓦斯煤层掘进过程中瓦斯抽采难度大、抽采效率低、抽采时间长等难点问题,提出应用CO_2相变致裂增透解吸技术提高煤层透气性系数、增大煤层透气性、提高瓦斯抽采量和抽采效率。研究了CO_2相变致裂增透解吸技术对绿塘煤矿工作面卸压增透效果,并与深孔预裂卸压增透技术效果进行了对比研究,发现该区域CO_2相变致裂增透技术增透效果较明显,CO_2致裂与深孔预裂相比较,前者煤层透气性系数约为后者透气性系数的1.9倍,CO_2致裂后的衰减系数比深孔预裂后衰减系数低约20%,CO_2致裂后平均抽采浓度约为70%,结果表明:采用CO_2相变致裂增透解吸技术后,该煤矿总体抽采效率提高了约6倍,抽采达标周期大幅缩短,为同类矿井的瓦斯治理提供了可借鉴技术与经验。     

高瓦斯煤层深孔预裂爆破增透数值模拟试验

为了解决高瓦斯低透气性煤层的瓦斯抽放难题,利用数值模拟和现场测试相结合的方法,研究了深孔预裂爆破技术对高瓦斯低透气性煤层的卸压增透效果.研究结果再现了爆破过程中,动压冲击震裂、应力波传播与叠加及爆生气体驱动裂纹扩展的整个过程,分析了爆破孔间距对爆生裂纹和增透效果的影响,提出了高瓦斯低透气性煤层深孔预裂爆破的合理间距,表明深孔预裂爆破技术有效地提高了煤层透气性和瓦斯抽采率.该成果为高瓦斯低透气性煤层的瓦斯抽放提出了解决方案.     

短孔瓦斯抽放技术的研究应用

为提高埋藏深、低透气性、动力现象显著煤层工作面的瓦斯预抽效果,对工作面瓦斯抽放新技术进行了研究.根据矿山压力分布规律和工作面前方煤体受采动影响卸压后透气性显著提高、煤层压力显著降低的特点,研究了卸压区短孔瓦斯抽放技术,研究结果表明该抽放技术可行、系统可靠,能有效提高超前排放钻孔瓦斯排放效果、显著降低煤与瓦斯突出危险性,这对解决低透气性、高地应力煤层的快速、安全掘进和生产具有实际意义.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with