Nd-Fe-B磁体热等静压烧结的实验研究

研究了热等静压烧结对Nd-Fe-B磁体的致密度、显微组织及磁性能的影响.结果表明:与常压烧结磁体相比,热等静压烧结磁体的内部存在较多的孔洞,致密度、晶粒取向度及磁性都有所降低.用加热Ar气热膨胀而产生热等静压进行烧结的办法不适于制造高性能的烧结磁体.     

升温速率对各向异性纳米晶Nd-Fe-B磁体结构及性能的影响

本实验采用放电等离子快速热压、热变形方法制备了异性的单相Nd-Fe-B纳米晶永磁,研究温速率对各向异性Nd-Fe-B纳米晶永磁磁性能和结构的影响。结果表明,随着升温速率的提高,Nd-Fe-B纳米晶永磁的剩磁和最大磁能积先升高随后降低,在升温速率90℃/min时达到最大值,矫顽力变化不明显,磁体c轴晶体织构和密度与剩磁—变化趋势一致。     

热变形温度对SmCo/FeCo纳米复合磁体磁性能的影响

采用热变形技术,制备了SmCo/FeCo纳米复合磁体,研究了热变形温度对磁体磁性能的影响规律.通过X射线衍射、热重分析、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜研究了磁体的相组成和微观结构.研究结果表明:随着热变形温度从600℃升高到1000℃,Sm2Co17硬磁相的含量不断增加,FeCo软磁相的含量不断减少,SmCo/FeCo纳米复合磁体的矫顽力从1.54 kOe提升到5.04 kOe;饱和磁化强度先增加后降低,剩余磁化强度呈"先升高、后降低、再升高"的趋势.相对于含有部分非晶相的600℃热变形磁体,700℃热变形磁体的晶化程度更高,饱和磁化强度和剩余磁化强度在700℃达到最大值.     

二茂铁有机磁体的磁性能与应用研究

与无机铁氧体比较，以二茂铁为原料，按专利文献合成的二茂铁有机磁体在广泛的温度范围内磁性能十分稳定，在10～1800MHz的高频、微波下，磁导率(μ')和磁损耗(μ〃)基本不随使用频率而变化．应用研究表明，它是一类新型的软磁材料，适于制作许多高频和微波电子器件．     

烧结压力对铜粉放电等离子烧结的影响规律

研究了平均粉末粒度为1μm的铜粉在不同压力条件下的放电等离子烧结过程,系统分析了压坯的密度和微观组织与烧结升温阶段的初始压力和保压压力之间的关系. 结果表明:烧结温度为800℃,初始压力为1MPa,保压压力为50MPa的烧结工艺,可以制备相对密度大于98%,平均晶粒度小于10μm的烧结铜. 同时发现,采用SPS工艺制备的烧结铜沿厚度方向存在不同于传统双向压制的密度分布,SPS烧结铜的表面密度低于心部密度.     

碳化硅陶瓷的放电等离子烧结

采用添加了Al2O3和Y2O3助烧剂的碳化硅微粉为原料,通过放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术快速制备了碳化硅陶瓷. 分析了材料致密化过程,并重点研究了烧结工艺参数对材料致密度和力学性能的影响规律. 结果表明,当SPS工艺参数的烧结温度和压力分别为1600℃和50MPa时,经过5min的烧结,碳化硅陶瓷的致密度可达到99.1%,硬度为HV 2550,断裂韧性达8.34MPa·m1/2,弯曲强度达684MPa.     

放电等离子烧结制备碳化硅块材及其高温导热性能研究

通过放电等离子烧结制备了碳化硅块材,分析了烧结温度、保温时间等对碳化硅块材的密度、物相组成、微观形貌和硬度的影响,并对其高温导热性能进行了测试.结果表明,当烧结温度为1800℃,保温时间为5min时,通过放电等离子烧结能够获得致密度为98%的碳化硅块材.与传统热压烧结相比,放电等离子烧结制备的碳化硅块材的热导率略低,其主要原因是放电等离子烧结的保温时间较短与烧结样品的致密度略低,且晶界结合性较差所导致.     

放电等离子烧结制备超细WC-Co硬质合金

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术制备了超细WC-10Co硬质合金.研究了烧结温度及烧结气氛对WC-Co硬质合金组织及性能的影响.研究发现:烧结体密度随烧结温度的升高而增大,但由于钴的蒸发,合金的成分偏离了原粉末的成分,且随着烧结温度的升高及炉内气压的降低,钴的蒸发速率加大.因此,通过提高炉内气压,可以使合金的成分基本接近原粉末成分,降低了合金的成分偏离.结果表明:炉内气压升高到200 Pa,烧结压力为30 MPa时,在1250℃烧结WC-10.07Co粉末5 min,烧结体中钴的质量分数可以控制在10.02%,密度和硬度分别达到了14.62 g.cm-3和HRA 92.4.     

放电等离子烧结微胞结构复合材料有限元模拟

采用ANSYS软件建立三维热‐电耦合瞬态有限元模型,对微胞结构复合材料的放电等离子烧结过程进行模拟。模拟计算结果表明,烧结低温阶段石墨模具向样品传热,烧结过程类似于热压烧结,烧结高温阶段样品自发热,样品附近沿径向形成温度梯度。     

放电等离子烧结制备碳化钛块材研究

利用放电等离子烧结(SPS)对碳化钛(TiC)/氢化钛(TiH2)混合粉末进行烧结以制备块材。利用X射线衍射(XRD)并结合Rietveld精修法对块材进行定性与结构分析;借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对块材断面微观形貌进行观察;测试了块材硬度并探讨SPS技术制备TiC块材的致密化过程与反应机理。结果表明:混合粉末经SPS烧结,获得了高度致密的TiC块材;与传统烧结方法比较,SPS技术更具低温快速性。     

Graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Graphene-reinforced 7055 aluminum alloy composites with different contents of graphene were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The structure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. Testing results show that the hardness, compressive strength, and yield strength of the composites are improved with the addition of 1wt% graphene. A clean, strong interface is formed between the metal matrix and graphene via metallurgical bonding on atomic scale. Harmful aluminum carbide (Al₄C₃) is not formed during SPS processing. Further addition of graphene (above 1wt%) results in the deterioration in mechanical properties of the composites. The agglomeration of graphene plates is exacerbated with increasing graphene content, which is the main reason for this deterioration.     

SPS烧结温度对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金微观结构及性能的影响

以高能球磨法制备的93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe复合粉末为原料,采用放电等离子烧结技术制备93W--4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金,研究了烧结温度对钨合金微观组织及性能的影响.采用扫描电镜对试样的断口进行观察,采用能量色散谱仪对合金的组元进行成分分析.结果表明:①烧结温度对合金的性能有显著的影响,在1 350℃时钨合金的抗拉强度达到一个极大值,为981 MPa,此时钨合金的相对密度和W晶粒的尺寸分别为98.9%和5μm;②当烧结温度达到1375℃时,合金中Ni元素开始挥发,随着温度的快速上升,合金中Ni元素的挥发不断加剧,当烧结温度升高至1425℃时合金中Ni元素已完全挥发;③合金的断裂方式随着烧结温度的升高发生显著的变化,当烧结温度升至1350℃时钨合金的断裂方式由W晶粒界面分离向W-W、W-黏结相界面断裂转变,而当烧结温度超过此温度时钨合金的断裂方式又转变为W晶粒的沿晶脆性断裂;④SPS快速烧结能够有效抑制W晶粒的长大,促进钨合金的细晶强化作用.     

放电等离子烧结TiAl基合金的显微组织及力学性能

以Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr合金粉末为原料,采用放电等离子烧结工艺制备出TiAl基合金,并研究了制备工艺、显微组织与室温力学性能三者的关系.结果表明,采用放电等离子烧结方法可制备出致密度高、组织均匀的TiAl基合金.烧结温度对合金的显微组织影响显著,且其室温力学性能与显微组织密切相关,显微组织越细小,室温强度和塑性越高.当烧结温度为1100℃时,制备出的TiAl-V-Cr合金显微组织类型为细小双态组织,具有35.2%的压缩率和3321MPa的断裂强度,显示出较好的室温压缩性能.     

Influence of sintering temperature on the thermoelectric properties of Ba8Ga16Si30 clathrate treated by spark plasma sintering

A series of Ba8Ga16Si30 clathrate samples were prepared by arc melting, ball milling, acid washing, and spark plasma sintering (SPS). X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the lattice of the Ba8Ga16Si30 samples expanded as the SPS temperature was increased from 400 to 750°C. Lattice contraction recurred when the SPS temperature was further increased in the range of 750–1000°C. This phenomenon can be explained by the variation of Ga content in the lattice. The thermoelectric figure of the merit ZT value of clathrates increased with the increase in SPS temperature and reached a maximum when the sample was subjected to SPS at 800°C. A further increase in SPS temperature did not contribute to the improvement of ZT. The variation of the lattice parameter a vs. SPS temperature T was similar to the variation ob-served in the ZT–T curve.     

放电等离子烧结制备Al-Zn-Mg-Cu纳米晶合金的组织

利用低温液氮球磨和放电等离子烧结工艺制备了块体纳米晶Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金.采用X射线衍射(XRD)技术分析了材料的晶粒尺寸和微观应变,利用透射电镜(TEM)研究了合金微观组织的演变.结果表明:采用放电等离子烧结法制备的7000系纳米铝合金具有两种不同的纳米晶结构,以晶粒尺寸50～100nm的等轴晶为主,少量200～400nm的大晶粒为辅;烧结过程中发生再结晶及第二相析出,析出的第二相以η(MgZn2)为主,θ(Al2Cu)以及S(Al2CuMg))为辐.     

Effect of sintering on the relative density of Cr-coated diamond/Cu composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Cr-coated diamond/Cu composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering. The effects of sintering pressure, sintering temperature, sintering duration, and Cu powder particle size on the relative density and thermal conductivity of the composites were investigated in this paper. The influence of these parameters on the properties and microstructures of the composites was also discussed. The results show that the relative density of Cr-coated diamond/Cu reaches ~100% when the composite is gradually compressed to 30 MPa during the heating process. The densification temperature increases from 880 to 915℃ when the diamond content is increased from 45vol% to 60vol%. The densification temperature does not increase further when the content reaches 65vol%. Cu powder particles in larger size are beneficial for increasing the relative density of the composite.     

Synthesis of nonstoichiometric M-type barium ferrite nanobelt by spark plasma sintering method

This study investigated the feasibility of ultrafast crystallization of M-type barium ferrite when the coprecipitation precursors in stoichiometric proportions as BaFe12O19, Fe(OH)3 and BaCO3 nanoparticles, had been heated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. The results show that SPS method may realize the ultrafast crystallization of M-type barium ferrite, absolutely prevent the crystallization of intermediate phase α-Fe2O3, and significantly decrease the crystallization temperature of M-type barium ferrite. The sintered samples obtained at 800℃ by sintering the precursors for 10 minutes are a kind of multiphase ferrites composed of major phase M-type barium ferrite and trace amount of BaFe0.24Fe0.76O2.88. It is discovered that M-type barium ferrites in the holes of the sintered samples are in nanobelt microstructure about 100-300 nm in width and several micrometers in length. These M-type barium ferrite nanobelts are non-stoichiometric and may be expressed as BaFe12 xO19 1.5x (-4.77≤x≤6.50). Their composistions suggest completely random Fe-rich or Ba-rich domains.