一些唯一3-着色图

如果用k种颜色对图G的顶点进行着色,使相邻顶点具有不同的颜色,那么称此种着色为G的一个正常k-着色(简称k-着色).图G的色数χ(G)是指使G可正常着色的最少颜色数,其中具有相同颜色的顶点集称为一个色类.如果对G的所有χ(G)-着色产生的色类是相同的,那么称G是唯一χ(G)-着色的.论文给出了一些唯一3-着色图.     

星图和扇图的广义Mycielski图的星全染色

图G的一个正常全染色被称作G的星全染色,如果G中任意路长为2的点和边着色均不相同,则称它为图C的星K-全着色.图的全部星K-全着色中最小的数K称为它的星全色数.讨论了星图和扇图的广义Mycielski图的星全染色问题,得到了不同情况下它们的星全色数,其中每个点的色集合包含该点及其关联边的颜色.     

特殊平面图的集合色数

设G是非平凡连通图,记c:V(G)→N是G的一个顶点染色,这里相邻的两个顶点可以着相同的颜色。对于图G的任一顶点v,与v相邻的顶点所着颜色的集称为v的邻色集,记为NC(v)。如果G中任意相邻的两个顶点u,v满足NC(u)≠NC(v),则称c是G的一个集合染色。集合染色所需的最少的颜色数称为G的集合色数,记为χs(G)。本文给出了与轮图有关的一类平面图的集合色数,向日葵图和风车图的集合色数,最后给出了一个猜想。     

几类图的全色极大团染色

设G是一个简单图,其顶点集为V(G)而边集为E(G).图G的一个k-染色是指顶点集V(G)到色集{1,2,…,k}的一个映射.如果图G的一个点染色使G的每个极大团所有颜色均出现(这里不要求邻点染色不同),则称该染色为图G的全色极大团染色.而G的全色极大团色数是指能进行全色极大团染色的最大颜色数,记为χmaxcT(G).     

若干图的倍图的邻点可区别边(全)染色

设G是具有顶点集V(G)和边集E(G)的简单图。如果G的一正常边染色σ满足对任意uv∈E(G),有Cσ(u)≠Cσ(v),其中Cσ(u)为点u的关联边所染颜色构成的集合,则称σ为G的邻点可区别边染色。如果G的一正常全染色σ满足对任意uv∈E(G),有Sσ(u)≠Sσ(v),其中Sσ(u)表示点u及u的关联边所染颜色构成的集合,则称σ为G的邻点可区别全染色。图G的邻点可区别边(或全)染色所需的最少的颜色数,称为G的邻点可区别边(或全)色数,并记为χ’as(G)(或χat(G))。给出了图G的倍图D(G)的以上两个参数的上界,并对完全图与树,确定了它们的倍图的邻点可区别边色数与全色数的精确值。     

图的相邻强边着色数

如果在一个图的正常边着色中,相邻两点关联的边集所着的颜色集合不同,则称此正常边着色为相邻强边着色.对图G进行相邻强边着色所需要的最小色数称为G的相邻强边着色数,记作X'as(G).给出了相邻强边着色数的两个上界:一是对于任何d-正则图G(d≥3),X'as(G)≤16d;二是如果图G有两个边不交的完美匹配,则X'aa(G)≤3△(G) 1.     

Halin-图的列表染色

Halin-图是3-连通平面图,且存在一个面,删除关联于该面的边后是一棵树,图的列表染色是任给图G的每个顶点V配一颜色集合L(V),满足|L(V)|=k,k为某确定正数;G的每个点若均可着从L(V)中选出的一种颜色,使得任意两个相邻近的点着不同的色,则称G是k-可选择的,Min(k)称为G的选择数或列表色数,记x_L(G),本文证明了Halin图的列表色数为3或4,并得到了x_L(G)=3的充要条件。     

圈的三种积图的b-染色与b-边染色

设σ是G的一个k-点染色，若在G中一定存在一个点，使得该点在其他k-1个色类中都至少有一个邻居，则称该点为b-点，称σ为G的一个b-染色.其中，最大的k值称为G的b-色数，记为φ(G).设σ是G的一个k-边染色，若在G中一定存在一条边，使得该边在其他k-1个色类中都至少有一个邻居，则称该边为b-边，称σ为G的一个b-边染色.其中，最大的k值称为G的b-边色数，记为φ’(G).     

两类n-部图及其补图的无圈染色

图G的无圈染色是满足任意两个色类的并的导出子图不含圈的正常点染色.G的无圈染色所用最少的颜色数称为G的无圈色数,记为a(G),从而得到了两类n-部图及其补图的无圈色数.     

关于图rK2 ∨ Ks的邻点可区别全色数

对一个简单图G的一个正常全染色f来说,G的点v的色集合C(V)是与v关联的边的颜色以及点v的颜色所构成的集合.对此f,如果G的任意两个相邻顶点的色集合不同,则称f为G的邻点可区别全染色.对G进行邻点可区别全染色所需要的最少颜色数称为G的邻点可区别全色数.对图rK2∨K8的邻点可区别全色数进行了讨论.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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