Online Delay-Evaluation Approach in Networked Control Systems

This paper presents an online evaluation approach of time delays for networked control systems (NCS), which characterizes the time delays without any synchronized clock in the network and any assumptions of time delays. With this approach, an optimal control scheme based on the approach is designed to achieve the desired performance despite the uncertain delays in the system. The experimental results based on CANbus illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control design and satisfactory performance of the closed-loop system.     

网络控制系统的可镇定性和可检测性

基于线性时不变系统的被控对象，建立了控制器为事件驱动时长时延网络控制系统的数学模型，对网络控制系统的均值可镇定性、均方可镇定性、均值可检测性和均方可检测性作了定义，得到了网络控制系统可镇定、可检测的充要条件，最后以不稳定的倒立摆为对象进行了仿真研究．     

具有时变时延和丢包的网络控制系统H∞优化控制

研究了一类存在时变时延和丢包的网络控制系统(networked control systems, NCS )的H∞优化控制问题。当网络时延和连续丢包有界时,NCS被建模为等效的具有时变时滞的系统,利用Lvapunov Krasovskii泛函和线性矩阵不等式方法,在NCS渐近稳定的基础上给出NCS状态反馈次优和最优H∞控制律的设计方法,求解时不需要使用重复迭代,设计控制器时也无须知道调节参数。仿真表明了此方法的可行性和有效性。     

Robust H∞ control for networked control systems

The robust H∞ control for networked control systems with both stochastic network-induced delay and data packet dropout is studied.When data are transmitted over network,the stochastic data packet dropout process can be described by a two-state Markov chain.The networked control systems with stochastic network-induced delay and data packet dropout are modeled as a discrete time Markov jump linear system with two operation modes.The sufficient condition of robust H∞ control for networked control systems stabilized by state feedback controller is presented in terms of linear matrix inequality.The state feedback controller can be constructed via the solution of a set of linear matrix inequalities.An example is given to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed.     

基于模型的网络控制系统设计:切换控制的平均驻留时间法

利用平均驻留时间方法对基于模型的网络控制系统(model based networked control system,MB NCS)进行了研究。MB NCS由于能够在保证系统性能的前提下有效地减少系统对网络带宽的占用,自提出以来就受到了学者的广泛关注。首先总结了网络控制系统中常用的几种减少网络带宽占用的策略;其次,将基于模型的网络控制系统建模为切换系统,并在所建立的切换系统模型的基础上,利用平均驻留时间方法给出了使得此切换系统稳定的充分条件;最后,借助Lyapunov稳定性理论和线性矩阵不等式(linear matrix inequality,LMI)方法设计了使得此系统稳定的控制器,并且通过仿真验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

不确定网络化控制系统鲁棒故障检测

针对一类具有未知输入和模型不确定性的网络化控制系统,基于H_∞滤波器研究了系统的鲁棒故障检测问题.利用输入时滞方法,将含有网络传输时滞和数据丢包的不确定网络化控制系统建模成一类具有双加性状态时滞项的连续系统.采用Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函方法分析了新系统的H_∞性能,并将所得结果应用于原系统鲁棒故障检测滤波器的设计,得到了滤波器存在的时滞依赖条件.最后,通过仿真验证了该方法的有效性.     

Robust H∞ control for networked control systems

The robust H∞ control for networked control systems with both stochastic network-induced delay and data packet dropout is studied. When data are transmitted over network, the stochastic data packet dropout process can be described by a two-state Markov chain. The networked control systems with stochastic network-induced delay and data packet dropout are modeled as a discrete time Markov jump linear system with two operation modes. The sufficient condition of robust H∞ control for networked control systems stabilized by state feedback controller is presented in terms of linear matrix inequality. The state feedback controller can be constructed via the solution of a set of linear matrix inequalities. An example is given to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed.     

网络控制系统的时延补偿策略研究

网络控制系统中由于通讯网络的引入而导致的网络时延对控制系统的稳定性和性能带来很大负面影响。对具有随机时延和系统噪声的一类网络控制系统进行了分析,设计了一种可以对随机时延进行补偿的状态观测器,该状态观测器可同时实现对噪声的滤波处理。根据文中的延迟补偿方法,研究了闭环系统的稳定性。通过实验研究,证实了提出的利用状态观测器进行时延补偿策略的有效性。     

Analysis and optimization of delays in networked control systems

1 .INTRODUCTIONFeedback control systems wherein the control loopsare closed through networks are called networkedcontrol systems ( NCSs) . (See Fig.1) . Differenttypes of network systems are promoted in terms ofvarious network architectures embedded in controlsystems . There are approxi mately two kinds of NC-Ss :specific NCSs and generalized NCSs . The formerare based on common bus technology (e .g. De-viceNet ,ControlNet and LonWorks[1]) and the laterare constructed through comm…     

一类不确定时延网络控制系统的模糊控制

针对网络控制系统(NCS)同时存在网络诱导时延和数据包丢失的情况,讨论了如何设计控制器的问题。首先,给出了一种新的闭环网络控制系统的建模方法——模糊T-S方法,利用这种模糊模型去逼近非线性网络控制系统,使之局部线性化,并在此模型的基础上应用平行分布补偿原理设计了网络控制系统模糊控制器。进而,应用Lyapunov理论和LMI方法,研究了模糊NCS的稳定性问题,同时基于线性矩阵不等式给出依赖状态时滞和网络诱导时延的状态反馈模糊控制器的设计方法,并获得使模糊NCS稳定的充分条件。通过两个仿真实例验证了该控制方法的有效性。     

随机时延网络控制系统的鲁棒H∞状态反馈控制

研究了含有双随机时延的不确定网络控制系统的鲁棒H_∞状态反馈控制问题。将传感器到控制器和控制器到执行器的网络时延建模为相互独立的连续时间离散状态的马尔可夫随机过程。基于此网络环境,构造时延依赖的控制器,将不确定网络控制系统转化为马尔可夫跳变系统。通过Lyapunov Krasovskii泛函方法和新的矩阵不等式技术,给出了系统随机稳定且满足H_∞性能的充分条件,并以矩阵不等式形式给出了相应的控制器设计方法。最后,给出了仿真算例,验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于变采样周期方法的网络控制系统协同设计

提出了一种基于变采样周期的动态调度策略,通过实时调整控制系统的采样周期以适应网络中信息流的变化,改善网络中时延、丢包等问题.采用动态调度策略的NCS为一个变采样周期系统,考虑时延的影响,通过等效变换将时延和采样周期的不确定性转化为系统参数的不确定性,从而将NCS建模为一类具有参数不确定性的离散时间系统,并给出了系统D-稳定的控制器设计方法,实现NCS的控制与调度协同设计.最后通过数值仿真验证了所提出的方法的有效性.     

模糊-GPC串级控制在网络时延控制中的应用

为了解决网络闭环非线性控制系统中的时延问题,本文提出了一种在模糊神经网络控制的基础上结合广义预测控制(GPC)处理非线性系统网络时延的方法,建立了网络控制系统的结构模型,并分析了此模型对处理非线性网络控制系统中时延问题的有效性。在MATLAB环境下对网络控制倒立摆系统进行了仿真,通过对比模糊神经网络控制与模糊-GPC串级控制的控制效果,进一步证实了此方法对非线性网络控制系统能够实现稳定控制。     

H_∞-based fault detection for nonlinear networked systems with random packet dropout and probabilistic interval delay

The fault detection problem for the nonlinear networked control system(NCS) with packet dropout and delay is investigated.A nonlinear stochastic system model is proposed to account for the NCS with random packet dropout and networkinduced non-uniformly distributed time-varying delay in both from sensor to controller(S/C) and from controller to actuator(C/A).Based on the obtained NCS model,employing an observer-based fault detection filter as the residual generator,the addressed fault detection problem is converted into an auxiliary nonlinear H∞ control problem.Then,with the help of Lyapunov functional approach,a sufficient condition for the desired fault detection filter is constructed in terms of certain linear matrix inequalities,which depend on not only the delay interval but also the delay interval occurrence rate and successful packet communication rate.Especially,a trade-off phenomenon between the maximum allowable delay bound and successful data packet transmission rate is found,which is typically resulted from the limited bandwidth of communication networks.The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by a simulation example.     

DTHMM based delay modeling and prediction for networked control systems

In the forward channel of a networked control system (NCS), by defining the network states as a hidden Markov chain and quantizing the network-induced delays to a discrete sequence distributing over a finite time interval, the relation between the network states and the network-induced delays is modelled as a discrete-time hidden Markov model (DTHMM). The expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is introduced to derive the maximumlikelihood estimation (MLE) of the parameters of the DTHMM.Based on the derived DTHMM, the Viterbi algorithm is introduced to predict the controller-to-actuator (C-A) delay during the current sampling period. The simulation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the modelling and predicting methods proposed.     

基于LS-SVM的网络化控制系统自适应预测控制

针对网络化控制系统（NCS）中的随机时变时延,提出了一种用最小二乘支持向量机（LS-SVM）预估网络时延的方法。先将网络时延建模为非线性时间序列,再用径向基函数（RBF）作为LS-SVM的核函数,建立了网络控制系统的时延预测模型,然后用该模型预估的时延作为控制器的参数,对网络化控制系统的时延进行补偿和预测控制。仿真结果表明提出的时延预测方法,对网络控制系统的随机时变时延有较高的预测精度,根据该时延设计的控制器能使系统的输出很好地跟踪期望的输出。     

基于观测器的CAN网络在线时延补偿策略

网络时延问题是网络控制系统中的主要问题。为了解决网络时延给控制系统带来影响的问题,首先分析网络时延的产生及其可能的取值特性,在网络时延统计特性信息的基础上,从通信技术和控制技术相结合的角度出发,提出了一种基于观测器的在线时延补偿方法。通过CAN bus网络控制实验平台,分析了该补偿方法的有效性。实验结果表明,在网络延迟大的控制系统中该策略仍具有良好的控制效果。     

Equivalent sample theory of networked control systems and its application

The equivalent sample theory and its application in analysis of networked control system （NCS） are presented. After analyzing NCS＇s scheduling in master-slave mode, the characteristics of time delay and sample are summarized. Looking on master station visiting the slave station as a special sample process, the theory of equivalent sample is presented. And based on it, the stability of a kind of NCS is analyzed. The criterion to determine the upper bound of transmission delay is introduced, which guarantees the stability. Finally, an example with simulation shows the availability and usability of this analysis method.     

Design and performance analysis of networked control systems with random delay

The design and performance analysis of networked control systems with random network delay in the forward channel is proposed, which are described in a state-space form. A new control scheme is used to overcome the effects of network transmission delay, which is termed networked predictive control (NPC). Furthermore, three different ways to choose control input are discussed and the performances are analyzed, respectively. Both real-time simulations and practical experiments show the effectiveness of the control scheme.     

Ho∞-based fault detection for nonlinear networked systems with random packet dropout and probabilistic interval delay

The fault detection problem for the nonlinear networked control system (NCS) with packet dropout and delay is investigated.A nonlinear stochastic system model is proposed to account for the NCS with random packet dropout and networkinduced non-uniformly distributed time-varying delay in both from sensor to controller (S/C) and from controller to actuator (C/A).Based on the obtained NCS model,employing an observer-based fault detection filter as the residual generator,the addressed fault detection problem is converted into an auxiliary nonlinear H∞ control problem.Then,with the help of Lyapunov functional approach,a sufficient condition for the desired fault detection filter is constructed in terms of certain linear matrix inequalities,which depend on not only the delay interval but also the delay interval occurrence rate and successful packet communication rate.Especially,a trade-off phenomenon between the maximum allowable delay bound and successful data packet transmission rate is found,which is typically resulted from the limited bandwidth of communication networks.The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by a simulation example.