Unequal distribution of calcium and magnesium of snail neuron

Summary Ca and Mg contents of snail neuron differ depending on the cell type. Ca and Mg near the cell membrane are not equally distributed in the isolated neuron. Ca is almost twice as dense in the axonhillock region than in the cell body. The Mg distribution pattern is the reverse of that of Ca.     

Calcium and magnesium deficiency-induced atrophy of muscle and calcium accumulation in the spinal cord

After severe dietary calcium-magnesium deficiency in rats, succinic dehydrogenase and acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity of gastrocnemius muscle showed a neurogenic atrophy. This alteration was associated with a high concentration of calcium in the spinal cord.     

Fluxes of magnesium and calcium during induced activity of frog sartorius muscle

Resumen La representación del influjo de Ca y de Mg en músculo esquelético en reposo de rana as cualtitativamente differente; sin embargo la magnitud de dicho influjo as inicialmente similar. Estímulo mediante pulsos eléctricos o cafeina aumenta significamente el influjo de Ca pero no el de Mg durante un período de 10 min.     

The influence of magnesium and calcium ions on the force produced in rigor muscle

Zusammenfassung Die Rigorspannung glycerinextrahierter Skeletmuskelfasern (Caiman crocodilus) und fibrillärer Insektenflugmuskelfasern (DLM) (L. maximus) konnte durch Zugabe von zweiwertigen Kationen und pH-Erniedrigung reversibel erniedrigt werden sowie durch pH-Erhöhung und Zugabe von Sulfationen erhöht werden. Da unter ähnlichen Bedingungen im Rigor Veränderungen des Abstandes von Aktin- und Myosinfilamenten nachgewiesen wurden^4,5, wurden die beobachteten Spannungsänderungen im Rigor auf Grund neuerer Crossbridgemodelle^3,9 diskutiert.

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We are grateful to Prof. Dr.J. C. Rüegg for helpful suggestions.

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Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Grant No. Ru 154/7.     

Hyperthermia-induced apoptosis and the inhibition of DNA laddering by zinc supplementation and withdrawal of calcium and magnesium in suspension culture of tobacco cells

In the present paper we report examination of stereotypic hallmarks of apoptosis in heat-treated tobacco cells. Hyperthermia (44 °C, 4 h) caused apoptosis in 53.6% of cells when assayed 24 h after heat treatment. The induction of apoptosis by heat treatment was confirmed by flow cytometric assay. Cytological observations revealed condensation of the cytoplasm and nucleus, as well as nuclear collapse. DNA ladders were observed in DNA extracted from heat-treated cells, whereas DNA from control cells remained undegraded. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay revealed that 51.8% of the heat-treated cells (44 °C, 4 h) show positive reaction after a 24-h recovery. When cells were cultured in a medium supplemented with 0.4–5.0 mM ZnSO₄, internucleosomal DNA fragmentation induced by heat shock was completely negated. Strikingly, when cells were cultured in Ca²⁺ and/or Mg²⁺ free medium for 44 h followed by heat treatment, DNA laddering was not observed. The results suggest hyperthermia-induced apoptosis and a correlation between the regula tion of endonucleases and heat shock signal in apoptotic tobacco cells. Received 17 September 1998; received after revision 4 January 1999; accepted 4 January 1999     

Effects of calcium and magnesium ions on the frequency of miniature end-plate potential discharges in amphibian muscle in the presence of ethyl alcohol

Zusammenfassung Während bekanntlich Kalzium- und Magnesiumionen keinen Einfluss auf die Frequenz der Spontanrhythmik (m.e.p.p.) der Kaltblütermuskeln in der normalen Ringer-Lösung haben, konnte experimentell festgestellt werden, dass die Frequenz der Spontanrhythmik in einer Äthanol-Ringer-Lösung durch Zusatz von Kalziumionen vermehrt, von Magnesiumionen vermindert wird.     

Features of intracellular calcium distribution in the adipose tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

The in vitro study of the kinetics of 45Ca efflux from adipose tissue of rats reveals 3 pools of exchangeable calcium. Calcium content in the intracellular pools of adipose tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats is increased as compared to that in normotensive controls.     

Features on intracellular calcium distribution in the adipose tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

Summar The in vitro study of the kinetics of⁴⁵Ca effux from adipose tissue of rats reveale 3 pools of exchangeable calcium. Calcium content in the intracellular pools of adipose tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats is increased as compared to that in normotensive controls.     

Polynucleotidases in animal tissues

Résumé Les organelles des Mammifères contiennent un grand nombre d'enzymes qui hydrolysent les acides nucléiques. Les enzymes qui agissent sur les acides désoxyribonucléiques étant accompagnées par quelques prohibiteurs et activateurs, on ne peut pas les évaluer avec certitude. Pour cette raison, la discussion ne porte que sur les enzymes ayant une certaine activité sur les acides ribonucléiques (alkaline RNase II, acide RNase II, RNase I, phosphodiestérase I, phosphodiestérase II). Les caractères servant à distinguer ces enzymes sont décrits ici. Elles renferment des substrats spéciaux et ont une inactivation sélective. Bien que les extraits des organelles renferment toutes les enzymes, les extraits des cellules cultivées in vitro n'en contiennent qu'une partie. Par hasard, une ou quelques activités peuvent faire défaut et la phosphodiestérase I est toujours déficiente. Cette exception s'observe dans le cas où les cellules ont des propriétés différenciées — comme les cellules musculaires du cur — c'est à dire qu'elles continuent à produire de la phosphodiestérase I. Toutes ces cellules cultivées donnent continuellement la RNase I.     

Novobiocin and the binding of magnesium ions

Résumé La novobiocine et les ions de magnésium ne forment pas un «complexe». De ce fait, il est très peu probable qu'elle occasionne une déficience des ions de magnésium dans la cellule bactérienne.     

Erythrocyte magnesium and HLA groups]

Red blood cell Magnesium levels were determined in 351 unrelated male subjects with known HLA groups. Significantly lower values are observed among subjects carrying BW 35 allele. Furthermore, significant variations are also noted according to the constitution of HLA-B groups with respect to BW 4 and BW 6 public specificities. This observation brings to light other variations among the subjects carrying B 8 allele.