石钢马来西亚粉烧结性能

对石钢烧结生产配加马来西亚粉的可行性进行了实验和生产跟踪研究.通过实验梯度为5%的单烧试验,分析其对烧结矿利用系数、烧结矿转鼓强度及返矿率等指标的影响.结果显示其冶金性能有所改善,认为在该公司生产条件下配加马来西亚粉烧结是可行的.通过生产跟踪,发现基本符合实验研究的规律,并取得了一定的经济效益.确定其最佳的配比为10%～15%.     

石钢马来西亚粉烧结性能

对石钢烧结生产配加马来西亚粉的可行性进行了实验和生产跟踪研究。通过实验梯度为5％的单烧试验,分析其对烧结矿利用系数、烧结矿转鼓强度及返矿率等指标的影响。结果显示其冶金性能有所改善,认为在该公司生产条件下配加马来西亚粉烧结是可行的。通过生产跟踪,发现基本符合实验研究的规律,并取得了一定的经济效益。确定其最佳的配比为10％～15％。     

料层减荷烧结支撑板数值模拟

在烧结台车上安装支撑板,可以支撑起上部烧结饼,减轻下部料层荷重,从而改善下部料层透气性,提高垂直烧结速度,进而提高烧结生产率. 应用ANSYS软件对烧结过程中料层内支撑板的热应力进行模拟. 结果表明:烧结过程中,支撑面中间部位和支撑板窄面中上部是最容易损坏的部位;排矿时,支撑板支脚部位产生应力集中,当支脚厚度大于40 mm时可以满足要求. 料层减荷烧结工业试验验证了模拟结果的正确性.     

高品位烧结矿的烧结研究

介绍在实验室条件下烧结高品位高碱度烧结矿所能达到的各基本原则 技术经济指标，论述了影响高品位、高碱度烧结矿冷强度的各种因素。旨在为现场生产高品位高碱度烧结矿提供参考依据。     

高配比高铝褐铁矿烧结成矿机理

以某高铝褐铁矿配比为60%~70%,配加其他含铁原料进行烧结,通过调节水碳、优化配矿等措施改善烧结产质量指标,并对烧结成矿机理进行分析。实验结果表明:Fe2O3和Al2O3分别与CaO反应时,2CaO·Fe2O3比3CaO·Al2O3及12CaO·7Al2O3更容易生成;当CaO,Al2O3,SiO2和Fe2O3四元矿物存在时,烧结过程优先生成2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2(钙铝黄长石)和4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3,并进一步形成SFCA,这与烧结矿SEM结果相一致;虽然烧结矿具有较多的孔洞和裂纹,但烧结矿具有良好的微观结构和冶金性能,可以满足中、小型高炉冶炼的生产要求。     

烧结—炼铁工艺中Cr^＋6还原的研究

介绍了铬渣用作炼铁熔剂的基本思想，研究了烧结－炼铁工艺中Ｎａ２ＣｒＯ４和铬氧化物还原的热力学，并进行了实验室模拟试验和６００ｍ＾３高炉的工业试验，热力学研究 和试验研究结果表明，Ｃｒ＾－６在烧结－炼铁工艺中可以很好地被消除。     

支撑板对烧结过程的影响

烧结料层上部荷重是造成烧结过程中燃烧熔融带透气性差的重要因素,而烧结料层透气性是制约我国厚料层烧结技术进一步发展的限制性环节. 从减轻烧结料层燃烧熔融带荷重以及改善烧结过程料层透气性的角度出发,通过在烧结料层中安装支架研究不同荷重条件下对铁矿粉烧结行为的影响. 烧结杯实验研究表明:安装支撑板后,烧结料层透气性明显改善,烧结矿转鼓强度大于65%;垂直烧结速度显著提高,最高可达28. 4 mm·min-1;成品率波动幅度不大,利用系数从1. 89 t· m-2·h-1增加到2. 31 t·m-2 ·h-1;燃耗有所降低,最大降幅达1. 32%. 理论分析和实验表明,支撑板对减轻烧结熔融带上部荷重,提高料层透气性,以及改善燃耗和烧结矿质量具有重要意义.     

生产率的提高：调整与投入

本文以数据包络分析法（ＤＥＡ法）为基础构造了一种评估企业生产率的相对评估法，并在此基础上讨论了生产率提高的途径，通过对１５个机械企业数据的分析，我们还给出了一个有现实意义的说明。     

生产率提高和产业结构变化对住房价格的影响

通过构建劳动力和住房市场均衡模型,探究了生产率提高和产业结构变化对住房市场和劳动力市场均衡状态的影响,并利用我国35个大中城市2002—2012年的数据建立动态面板模型进行了实证分析.结果表明,生产率提高会引起房价上涨,且第三产业的效应强于第二产业;产业结构优化升级是房价上涨的动力.住房价格上涨是生产率提高和产业结构优化的必然结果,中央政府建立"稳定房价工作责任制"的调控措施不符合市场的发展规律.政府应当重点引导产业和劳动力向中小城镇流动,促进中小城镇与大城市产业和劳动力市场的均衡发展,建设以市场自我稳定为目标的长效机制.     

配加富矿粉的烧结实验

通过对不同富矿粉搭配的烧结矿性能的研究发现，20％的澳矿 10％的印度粉是一种合理的配矿方案，可显著改善烧结矿的各项性能。     

改善较低碱度烧结矿质量的研究

为了在较低碱度下能够得到较高强度的烧结矿,分别进行了配加硼酸、钢渣、盖州有机添加剂的实验室试验,最后选择若干矿样喷洒CaCl2,进行冶金性能试验.结果表明,合适的添加剂及含量可有效提高低碱度烧结矿的强度及其冶金性能.     

改善较低碱度烧结矿质量的研究

为了在较低碱度下能够得到较高强度的烧结矿，分别进行了配加硼酸、钢渣、盖州有机添加剂的实验室试验，最后选择若干矿样喷洒CaCl2，进行冶金性能试验，结果表明，合适的添加剂及含量可有效提高低碱度烧结矿的强度及其冶金性能。     

Load reduction sintering for increasing productivity and decreasing fuel consumption

The technical and economical indexes and the physical properties of load reduction sintering processes with the supporting stands of installation at different height levels (300, 350, and 400 mm) in a sintering bed were studied under the same conditions of raw material, bed height, and sintering parameters. Sintering pot tests with different bed heights and fuel ratios of the mixture with or without supporting stands were performed to decrease the fuel consumption. The airflow rate through the sintering bed was measured with an anemoscope fixed on the bed surface to reveal the effects of supporting stands. The utilization of load reduction sintering can improve the permeability of the sintering bed, and the airflow rate through the sintering bed is increased. When the stand height is half of the sintering bed, the productivity increases by 27.9%, and the drum index slightly decreases. Keeping at the same productivity level with normal sintering, the utilization of load reduction sintering can decrease the solid fuel consumption by 9.2%.     

Influencing factor of sinter body strength and its effects on iron ore sintering indexes

Sinter body strength, which reflects the strength of sinter, plays an important role in the improvement of sinter. In this study, the sinter body strengths of iron ores were measured using a microsintering method. The relationship between the chemical composition and sinter body strength was discussed. Moreover, sinter-pot tests were performed. The effects of sinter body strength on the sintering indexes were then elucidated, and the bottom limit of sinter body strength of blending ores was confirmed. In the results, the compressive strengths (CSs) of iron ores are observed to decrease with the increasing of the contents of loss on ignition (LOI), SiO₂, and Al₂O₃; however, LOI of less than 3wt% does not substantially influence the CSs of fine ores. In the case of similar mineral composition, the porosity, in particular, the ratio between the number of large pores and the total number of pores, strongly influences the sinter body strength. With an increase of the blending-ore CSs used in sinter-pot tests, the yield, productivity, and tumbler strength increase, and the solid fuel consumption decreases. The CSs of the blending ores only slightly affect the sintering time. The CS bottom limit of the blending ores is 310 N. When the CSs of the blending ores increase by 10%, the yield, productivity, and tumbler index increase by 1.9%, 2.8%, and 2.0%, respectively, and the solid fuel consumption decreases by 1.9%.     

基于烧结过程各带迁移规律的烧结终点预报方法

提出利用最小二乘法拟合烧结废气温度曲线,求曲线方程的二阶导数计算出烧结废气温度的四个拐点. 结合烧结过程各带的迁移情况,计算得出拐点所对应的各带前沿到达料层底部的温度. 根据拐点出现的时间,求出烧结过程中各带前沿平均速度. 利用多元线性回归法和F检验进一步考察烧结工艺参数对各带前沿平均速度的影响规律,并给出了它们之间的关系式. 利用该关系式, 可以在节能和提高烧结矿平均粒度的原则下,定量地调整工艺参数以稳定烧结终点.     

Basic characteristics of Australian iron ore concentrate and its effects on sinter properties during the high-limonite sintering process

The basic characteristics of Australian iron ore concentrate (Ore-A) and its effects on sinter properties during a high-limonite sintering process were studied using micro-sinter and sinter pot methods. The results show that the Ore-A exhibits good granulation properties, strong liquid flow capability, high bonding phase strength and crystal strength, but poor assimilability. With increasing Ore-A ratio, the tumbler index and the reduction index (RI) of the sinter first increase and then decrease, whereas the softening interval (?T) and the softening start temperature (T_10%) of the sinter exhibit the opposite behavior; the reduction degradation index (RDI_+3.15) of the sinter increases linearly, but the sinter yield exhibits no obvious effects. With increasing Ore-A ratio, the distribution and crystallization of the minerals are improved, the main bonding phase first changes from silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) to kirschsteinite, silicate, and SFCA and then transforms to 2CaO·SiO₂ and SFCA. Given the utilization of Ore-A and the improvement of the sinter properties, the Ore-A ratio in the high-limonite sintering process is suggested to be controlled at approximately 6wt%.     

烧结矿中MgO作用机理

研究了烧结矿中MgO对烧结液相生成、固结成矿的影响机理,以及不同镁质熔剂对固结强度的影响规律,并在此基础上进行了烧结杯实验研究.结果表明:随着烧结矿中MgO含量的增加,烧结液相开始形成温度上升,液相流动性和黏结相强度均降低;使用不同种类的镁质熔剂时,烧结黏结相强度有差异,在1 280℃和1 320℃下,使用蛇纹石时黏结相强度相对最高,其次是使用轻烧白云石的情况,而使用白云石时黏结相强度相对最低;在兼顾烧结矿产量、质量指标及冶金性能的前提下,烧结矿中适宜的MgO质量分数在1.2%左右,镁质熔剂则适宜选用白云石和蛇纹石组合或者单独使用轻烧白云石.     

Effect of sinter layer porosity distribution on flow and temperature fields in a sinter cooler

When sinters are filled into the sinter cooler from the sintering machine, it is commonly seen that, due to segregation effects, sinters of larger size usually accumulate closer to the inner wall of the sinter cooler, whereas those of smaller size are to the outer wall. This nonuniform distribution of sinters has led to uneven cooling effect throughout the cooler. This causes the sinters leaving the cooler at a large temperature difference. This undesired temperature difference leads to the deformation and even the destruction of the conveyors. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique was used in the present work to investigate the heat and fluid flow phenomena within the sinter cooler corresponding to the different distribution of sinter layer porosity, which was highly dependent on the arrangement and orientation of sinters within the sinter cooler. It is confirmed that a high mass flow rate within the sinter layer causes a low temperature region and vice versa. The flow fields for vertically reducing porosity distribution and random distribution are almost identical indicating the relative insignificance of convective heat transfer mechanism.     

钒钛烧结料床竖向不均匀烧结

通过对钒钛烧结料床的不同料层进行测温,研究了不同深度烧结料成矿过程的温度变化曲线,利用火焰前锋速度和成矿前锋速度两个参数评价了台车竖向烧结的不均匀程度.结果表明:随着料层深度的增加,火焰前锋和成矿前锋迁移速度下降,说明台车下部料床的结构变化大,烧结透气性恶化;加强偏析布料效果,增大台车下部料粒的平均粒度和热态强度,对提高钒钛矿烧结利用系数至关重要.同时,对不同深度处的烧结矿进行矿相分析表明,钒钛烧结矿由磁铁矿、赤铁矿、铁酸钙、硅酸钙、钙钛矿和玻璃相六种主要矿物组成,随着料层深度的增加,磁铁矿、硅酸钙和钙钛矿含量增多,铁酸钙和赤铁矿含量下降.     

基于神经网络预报的烧结矿化学成分控制专家系统

采用带动量项的线性再励自适应变步长BP神经网络算法,建立了基于多周期运行模式的烧结矿化学成分预报模型;使用基于数据库技术的知识库和正向推理的推理机,开发了化学成分控制专家系统. 系统自投入运行以来,预报模型命中率稳定在90%以上,操作指导建议采纳率达到92%,实现了对烧结矿化学成分的稳定控制.