THE FIBER MORPHOLOGY VARIATION OF TRIPLOID CLONE OF POPULUS TOMENTOSA CARR.AND ITS SUPPOSED HARVESTING AGE FOR THE PAPER INDUSTRY

According to the strategy for the development of China paper industry, wood as a pulping material resource will play more and more important roles in the coming years[1,2]. Due to the deficiency in forest resources, the wood harvesting of natural forest has been strictly constraint in China. So the intergradation of aforestation and manufacture of paper products has become an important way to ensure a reliable material resource for China paper industry[1,2,5]. Many fast growing wood projects …     

P-RC APMP PULPING OF THE TRIPLOID OF POPULUS TOMENTOSA

The technology parameters of P-RC APMP process of the triploid of populus tomentosa and the the comparison of P-RC APMP with one and two stage f pretreatment were investigated in this paper. The results showed that in the chemical pretreatment the s that affected the pulp qualities. The charge of NaOH,y in the first stage of chemical pretreatment,was related to pulp strength. The charge of H2O2 tant pulp.In addition, the ratio of NaOH to H2O2 and the on of chemicals in the first and second stage of impregnation also affected the pulp qualities. The and two-stage P-RC APMP pulp illustrated that the ulp had better brightness and breaking length, lower light scatting coefficient and opacity.     

山西三倍体毛白杨纸浆林建设最适品系选择研究

从山西的自然条件特点出发,通过对三倍体毛白杨品种进行对比试验,选择最为适生、高产、高效的三倍体毛白杨无性系,从而保证三倍体毛白杨纸浆林基地建设的高效持续发展.并提出仅依赖新品种选育过程中的异地相关实验结果远远不够,需要有针对性地进行育苗、造林实验.     

亚铵法红麻全秆浆制造牛皮箱板纸试验研究

用速生高产红麻全秆,采用亚铵法红麻全秆浆代替木浆生产牛皮箱板纸。质量全部符合国家规定标准。     

十六种速生树材的化学组分、纤维形态及制浆性能

<正>本文报导了对水杉(Metasequoia glyptostroboides)、Ⅰ-69杨(Populus deltoidesCV.’Lux’.)、Ⅰ-72杨(P.x euramericana cv.’San Martino’)等速生材的化学组分,纤维形态以及制浆性能所作的分析和研究。在研究中,除常规分析外,还使用UV分光光度计测定了“酸溶木素”,用薄层色谱法测定了综纤维素的糖基组成,用电子显微镜观察、测定了Ⅰ-69杨、Ⅰ-72杨中的应拉木(tension wood)。此外,还采用烧碱一蒽醌法和硫酸盐法对制浆性能做了初步探索。试验结果表明:水杉、Ⅰ-69杨、Ⅰ-72杨是宜于制浆的优良的速生树种,可以考虑在造纸工业中使用。     

针叶材制浆性能影响因素的回归分析

为研究针叶材制浆性能的影响因素，选择了上有代表性的针叶材种，在各自最佳的硫酸盐法蒸煮条件下，制得相同硬度的浆料（卡伯价３０±２），再在相同条件下进行浆料的打浆试验、漂白试验与强度试验，将试验结果进行回归分析，建立化学组成和制浆得率、纤维形态和裂断长的回归方程。结果表明所建的回归方程相关显著，预报精度高，作为预测模型是完全可行的，这对造纸原料的栽培与利用有相当的实用价值。     

美洲黑杨无性系木材纤维性状遗传变异

【目的】美洲黑杨是苏北地区栽植面积最大的用材树种之一,具有重要的经济价值和生态价值。近年来,随着市场对杨树木材需求量的增加及质量要求的提高,对杨树材性改良的研究迫在眉睫。材性性状中,纤维长度、纤维长宽比等性状值的大小直接影响杨木制浆性能和造纸质量。通过对美洲黑杨无性系木材纤维性状遗传变异的研究,了解杨树木材纤维性状的遗传变异规律,为杨树材性改良及新品种选择提供科学依据。【方法】以泗洪县林场11个美洲黑杨无性系10年生对比试验林为材料,选取各无性系在各区组的标准株,测量其胸径和树高后,伐倒并在离地1.3 m处截取圆盘带回实验室气干备用。试样经脱木素试剂处理后,分别用光学显微镜及纤维形态自动分析仪(MORFI)测量其纤维长度和纤维宽度,计算得到纤维长宽比。将两种测量方法得到的数据进行回归分析,确定回归方程,使后续大规模测定的数据更加精确。使用SPSS 19.0对获得的数据进行分析处理,得到各纤维性状的遗传变异规律和性状间相关关系。采用K-means法对11个无性系进行聚类分析,选取纤维性状和生长性状均表现优异的无性系。用R语言作图,进行数据可视化表达。【结果】用两种测量方法测得的纤维长度、纤维长宽比回归分析R²值均大于0.9, MORFI测量值可靠。纤维长度和纤维长宽比的大小均随林龄增加而增加。11个无性系纤维长度、纤维宽度和纤维长宽比的平均值分别为1 107.8 μm、22.3 μm和49.57。3个纤维性状在无性系间存在显著差异,区组间差异不显著;纤维长度、纤维宽度和纤维长宽比性状的遗传力分别为0.764、0.832和0.590。3个纤维性状在第3、6、9龄间表现出高度相关。纤维长度与生长性状间的相关系数为0.21~0.25,纤维宽度与生长性状间相关系数处于0.39~0.48;纤维长宽比与生长性状间相关系数为-0.07~-0.02。11个无性系可分为3类,其中4-6、4-50、2-2和4-45表现优异,10-34、7-40、7-53和8-9表现次之,7-45、1-20和7-38表现较差。【结论】MORFI(纤维形态自动分析仪)可以快速且较为精确地测量纤维长度和纤维宽度,适合大批量数据的测定,但测定结果需进行回归调整。纤维长度和纤维长宽比随着林龄增大而增加,说明随着林龄的增加,木材制浆性能增强。美洲黑杨无性系纤维性状存在遗传变异,且变异受遗传的影响大于受环境的影响。各纤维性状在幼林第3龄与中林第6龄和成林第9龄间相关密切,且为正相关,对美洲黑杨纤维性状的选择可在林木生长早期进行。美洲黑杨无性系生长性状与纤维长度、纤维长宽比性状间的相关性不显著,在美洲黑杨纤维用材遗传改良时可采用独立选择方法。11个无性系中,2-2、4-6、4-45和4-50在纤维性状和生长性状方面均表现优异,可进行进一步遗传测定,为新品种选育创造条件。     

几种速生阔叶材的特性分析及其CMP的制浆性能

针对不同种类速生阔叶材的物理化学组成与化学机械法制浆造纸性能进行研究,分析比较了三种桉木和一种三倍体毛白杨的物理化学性质;在制定的化学预处理条件下,用不同原料进行化学机械法制浆.实验结果表明:随着化学预处理药液用量的增加,磨浆能耗降低,纸浆得率有所降低,纤维束含量降低,纸浆纤维长级分的含量有所增加,纸页的物理性能,例如...     

桉树制浆造纸性能的研究(第一报)——雷州半岛四种桉树硫酸盐法和烧碱—蒽醌法制浆试验

分析了雷州半岛四种桉树(柠檬桉、窿缘桉、雷林1号桉、草律桉)的化学成份并测定了它们的纤维形态。 我们对四种桉树的硫酸盐法制浆性能进行了初步的探讨,结果表明了纸浆得率明显地按下列顺序下降:柠檬桉,草律桉,雷林1号桉,窿缘桉。其中柠檬桉的制浆性能较好,而窿缘桉则不适宜于制浆造纸。 在此基础上,对柠檬桉又采用了烧碱—蒽醌法和硫酸盐—蒽醌法制浆进行了一系列的试验,并找到了烧碱—蒽醌法的最佳工艺条件。对醌型添加剂在碱法制浆中加速脱木素和提高得率的作用机理亦作了评述。     

人工杉木林木材化学成分的变异规律

应用正交试验设计方法,系统分析了不同林龄,立地条件和林分密度下杉木人工林木材化学成分含量的变异规律。结果表明：影响人工杉木林木材化学成分含量的主导因子是林龄,其次是立地条件,林分密度影响最小。综合人工杉木林不同林龄,立地条件和林分上木材化学成分含量考虑,其纸浆材主伐年龄以１７－２３年左右较好。     

EVALUATION OF SAMAAR MORR (JUNCUS ACUTUS) PLANT AS RAW MATERIAL FOR PAPER MAKING

The potential use of Samaar Morr (JUNCUS A CUTUS) plant as fibrous material in papermaking was evaluated in this study. The chemical analysis and fibre charactersitcs of this plant were determined for better understanding its behaviour in papermaking. Samaar morr stalks were subjected to sulfur-free three-stage (peroxyformic acid, formic acid, peroxyformic acid) Milox process. Some conventional pulping experiments such as soda,soda-anthraquinon (S-AQ), kraft and kraft-AQ pulping in addition to two- and one-stage peroxyformic acid pulping were also carried out for comparison with the three-stage peroxyformic acid pulping method. It was found that the pulping with Milox process produces pulp with good properties compared to the pulp produced from the other methods. The physical and optical properties of different pulps were also examined. The behaviour of Milox samaar morr pulp towards bleaching with alkaline hydrogen peroxide has been investigated in presence and absence of formic acid. The results showed that the final brightness about 81.5% ISO could be achieved after 3% peroxide in two bleaching steps with formic acid treatment between the two steps.     

酶处理改善麦草化学制浆效率研究

研究了在麦草化学制浆前对麦草进行酶处理时酶用量、反应时间及洗涤方式等因素对化学制浆效果的影响,并对酶处理后麦草浆物理性能的变化进行了研究。     

RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF WOOD DENSITY AND CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT ON PULPING YIELD AND PRODUCT QUALITY

INTRODUCTIONPulp quality depends on wood quality and pulping process conditions. Wood quality is a result of forestry management practices and a combination of genetic, physical, anatomical and chemical characteristics of the wood [35]. Eucalypt pulps are desired for printing and writing and for tissue paper grades due to their anatomical and chemical characteristics. It has been shown that wood density exerts significant influence on pulp quality [21]. This parameter, together with volum…     

HIGH CONSISTENCY PULPING OF OLD NEWSPRINT AND ITS FLOTATION PROPERTIES

INTRODUTIONWaste paper is an important recyclable resource. The problems that are concerned with resource, energy and environment can be solved effectively by recycling of the waste paper. In the past decade, countries all over the world have paid great attention to the recycling of waste paper, so its recycling ratio has been increasing year and year. The technologies for waste paper recycling have also been developed and modified. The production and varieties of paper and paperboard mad…     

EFFECT OF NaOH CHARGE ON FIBER CHARACTERISTICS OF P-RC APMP PULP

Fiber screen analysis, fiber quality analysis and SEM observation were used to investigate the effects of NaOH charge on fiber characteristics in Triploid Populus Tomentosa P-RC APMP pulping in this paper. The results showed that increasing NaOH charge in P-RC APMP process could reduce energy consumption and fines percent, increase the mean fiber length and long fiber percent and make the curl index and kink index of fiber ascend. The results from SEM observation illustrated that the fiber with high NaOH charge had higher softness degree, better cutting resistant ability and better inter-fiber bonding ability. With increasing of NaOH charge, the surface of handsheets became more and more smooth, and there were less and less gaps and holes on the paper surface.     

APPLICATION OF THE COLLAGENOUS FIBER FROM THE SOLID WASTES OF LEATHER FOR PAPERMAKING

INTRODUCTIONThe quantity of the solid waste of leather is very large. Every year, there is more than 500,000-ton solid waste of leather to be put out in the world. The main components of these are collagen that may be 80%, and Cr3+ that may be 4%. In recent years, there are many the processing techniques for these solid waste. But the methods of handling for waste and the development of products are still limited, because the methods are expensive and the products are low additional valu…     

施肥处理对尾叶桉无性系纸浆材生长和材性的影响

研究了5种不同施肥处理对6.5年生尾叶桉无性系单株材积、木片密度、纤维形态的影响规律。结果表明:施肥处理显著加快尾叶桉生长速度;对木材密度影响甚微;对纤维长度没有显著的影响;使纤维宽度显著增加。但并非施肥量越多,生长速度越快,纤维宽度越宽。尾叶桉无性系短周期速生林木是一种优良的、有发展前途的造纸原料。     

毛竹碱性亚硫酸钠-蒽醌制浆的研究

<正>试验结果表明:亚硫酸钠对总碱(均以氧化钠计)最佳比率为0.85,总碱量为18％(以氧化钠计),蒽醌用量0.05％,液比为1:4,在最高温度(170℃)制浆时间需要3.5h,粗浆得率42～45％(比传统的硫酸盐法纸浆得率高4～6％)和卡伯值17～25,碱性亚硫酸钠-蒽醌制得竹浆的物理强度性质相当于硫酸盐竹浆的强度。     

低龄厚荚相思木的制浆造纸性能

对3年和6年生厚英相思,在各自的最佳硫酸盐法蒸煮工艺条件下,制取相近硬度的浆料,比较蒸煮、打浆、强度及漂白性能,进而对其制浆性能进行综合评价。     

毛白杨优良无性系木材材性的比较研究

对12年生5个毛白杨优良无性系(另1个作对照)胸高处木材的基本密度和纤维形态进行了测定分析.结果表明:4年生以上毛白杨优良无性系木材材质指标满足造纸要求,适合作纤维原料,并优于对照,可以进行区域推广.