阳极氧化铝在Cu—Ni混合浴中的电解着色

研究了几种阳极氧化铝的电解着色及其工艺条件对色调的影响.普通硫酸阳极氧化铝经 Cu-Ni混合浴交流电解着色获得红色氧化膜,色调几乎不受工艺条件影响;着色膜经磷酸交流电解处理,结果原色膜色度变纯,鲜艳度增加;稀硫酸阳极氧化铝和磷酸改质阳极氧化铝经以镍为主盐的混合浴着色,得到不同色调的多种颜色,其中以稀硫酸阳极氧化铝的多彩效果较为丰富.     

铝和铝合金的电化学氧化与着色

铝和铝合金制品通过电化学氧化在其表面形成铝氧化膜,并进行着色,可以大大改善这些制品的耐磨。抗蚀性及抗变色能力,在航天和船舶制造工业等方面得到了广泛的应用。由于其着色的选择性好,在建筑、高级装饰品、日用品工业等方面得到大量的应用。电化学氧化着色通常有两种方法。一种方法是将铝合金在有机酸电解液中进行阳极氧化后,表面形成有色氧化膜,氧化膜的颜色与铝合金材料及所用的有机酸有关;第二种方法是通过电解氧化形成无色氧化膜,再进行着色,根据着色的方式不同,又分为阳极电解着色,阴极电解着色,染料着色和交流电解着色…     

Ni着色Al2O3太阳能选择吸收涂层在海水淡化中的应用

探究铝箔阳极氧化后电解着色的黑色膜层在阳光照射下的吸光能力,并确定铝箔阳极氧化的最优电参数.首先在磷酸溶液中以不同的电参数阳极氧化处理铝箔,然后在硫酸镍溶液中电解着色,得到不同色度的黑色膜层.通过微观形貌、XRD及红外光谱仪分析了阳极氧化的成膜机理及着色后的元素组成.在电压20 V、氧化时间20 min时得到的铝箔表面...     

电解法制取彩色铝膜的新工艺

在硫酸中进行阳极氧化的基础上，通过正交试验获得了采用磷酸进行二步阳极化处理后在硫酸镍溶液中电解着色并在磺基上杨酸中进行电解处理以制取鲜艳，多色彩膜系列的工艺条件。同时还对彩色膜的性能进行了测定和评估。利用ｘ－衍射仪和ＳＥＭ仪对膜成分及结构进行了测定，并对有关机理进行了分析。     

Ag—Cu电解膜微孔沉积物的形态和成分分析

本文使用x 射线光电子能谱(ESCA)测定得自Ag—Cu 电解质的阳极氧化电解着色膜,确定其微孔沉积物为金属银和金属铜,并用原子吸收分光光度法对膜的成分和含量进行了测定,根据得到的Ag%～t 曲线、Cu%～t 曲线和Ag—Cu 电解膜的色度,获得电解时间的最佳值t=3。     

铝阳极氧化膜的复合金属盐电解着色的研究

利用铜盐、镍盐构成的复合金属盐对铝阳极氧化膜进行电解着红色系的研究，所得着色液性能十分稳定，所着颜色色调均匀饱满，随着色时间及交流电压的变化，可得到浅红、紫红、深红、红黑及黑色，并对着色液中的某些因素的作用进行了探讨。     

铝表面不透明白色化处理的研究

铝表面经过常规阳极氧化后，进行中间半封孔处理，然后在硫酸或磷酸等溶液中二次电解，得到不透明白色化膜，这种膜与透明常规阳极氧化膜相比，在装饰性、耐蚀、耐磨性好等特点。本文通过电流与时间特性关系，研究确定最佳工艺条件，并探讨了形成了透明白色化膜的机理。     

阳极氧化铝电解着色研究

应用XPS和离子探针显微分析法,检测了在含有Cu~(2 ),Sn~(2 )或Ni~(2 )电解液中,电解着色的铝氧化膜孔隙中沉积物的组成,考察了着色过程的电极行为以及膜阻抗的变化.结果表明,在电解着色过程中,AC负半周发生金属的沉积和H~ 的还原,正半周发生氧化膜的活化和部分沉积金属的氧化,孔隙中的沉积物是金属及其氧化物的水溶胶,它导致膜的交流阻抗增大.由此,文中提出了电极交流阻抗等效电路,并求得各参数值.实验结果可较好地说明氧化膜阻扰与色调的关系,以及不同着色膜性能的差别.     

纳米级铝氧化膜的结构与电解着色性能

采用不同电解液及不同性质的电源，在铝表面制备出结构相异的纳米级氧化膜，对其结构及着色性能进行了测试分析研究；论述了H2SO4交流氧化膜层结构特点及电解着色性能的优越性。     

泡沫铝表面处理电解着金黄色试验研究

讨论了泡沫铝着金黄色的工艺过程,泡沫铝经过脱脂、蚀洗、中和、阳极氧化、电解着色和水合封孔等一系列表面处理过程,可在其表面生成均匀的金黄色薄膜,使其美观耐用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that