算子双半群及其应用

算子双半群及其应用许跟起，王胜华（山西大学数学系）（上饶师专数学系）关键词Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间，算子双半群，应用ＢＩ－ＳＥＭＩＧＲＯＵＰＯＦＯＰＥＲＡＴＯＲＳＡＮＤＩＴＳＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＳ￥ＸｕＧｅｎｑｉ；ＷａｎｇＳｈｅｎｇｈｕａ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅ...     

黄芪多糖对荷瘤小鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响

采用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ），红细胞免疫复合物花环率（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲＲ），血清中红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环抑制率（ＲＥＩＲ）和红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环促进率（ＲＦＦＲ）等四个指标，研究了黄芪多糖对Ｓ１８０Ａ小鼠肝癌（ＨＥＰＡ）和小鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响。结果表明，黄芪多糖能明显提高荷瘤小鼠的ＢＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ和ＲＦＥＲ，降低ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲＲ和ＲＦＩＲ。这一结果说明黄芪多糖对荷瘤小鼠红细胞免疫有明显的促进作用。     

LBP-D单用及与降糖药联合应用对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖和免疫功能的影响

采用四氧嘧啶静脉注射（１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ）诱导的糖尿病小鼠模型,观察枸杞多糖－Ｄ（ＬＢＰ－Ｄ）单独及与降糖药联合应用对小鼠血糖和免疫功能的影响．研究表明,小鼠在注射四氧嘧啶后７２ｈ,ｉｇ给药,连续１０ｄ,可使糖尿病小鼠血糖明显降低,而且ＬＢＰ－Ｄ与降糖药（优降糖和二甲双胍）有联合降血糖作用;此外,ＬＢＰ－Ｄ可明显提高小鼠溶血素水平及调节Ｔ细胞亚群的功能,使四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠免疫功能接近正常．研究结果显示,ＬＢＰ－Ｄ对糖尿病小鼠的胰岛β细胞可能有保护作用,并对糖尿病模型小鼠有免疫调节治疗效应     

红细胞生成素单克隆抗体制备及初步鉴定

为获取高效价的红细胞生成素（ＥＰＯ）单抗,以建立重组人红细胞生成素（ｈＥＰＯ）测定方法。用基因重组的ｈＥＰＯ与小鼠血清白蛋白经Ｎ－羟基琥珀酰亚胺基－３（２－吡啶基二硫）丙酸酯（ＳＰＤＰ）交联后,常规免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠,并用细胞融合技术制备分泌ｈＥＰＯＭｃＡｂ杂交瘤细胞;用间接ＥＬＩＳＡ和免疫印迹技术将ｈＥＰＯＭｃＡｂ与白色念珠菌胞质抗原的ＭｃＡｂ、嗜肺性军团病杆菌ＭｃＡｂ、ＨＣＶ核心肽ＭｃＡｂ、人μ链ＭｃＡｂ、ＩＦＮ－γＭｃＡｂ的间接ＥＬＩＳＡ同时进行特异性鉴定。经融合后检测,获取一株分泌ｈＥＰＯＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞系。初步鉴定,ｈＥＰＯＭｃＡｂ针对ｈＥＰＯ间接ＥＬＩＳＡ效价为１０－７（对照腹水为１０－３）;免疫印迹结果显示：此ＭｃＡｂ与基因重组的ｈＥＰＯ在分子量３０００～４０００之间有一条显色带,而其它几种ＭｃＡｂ均为阴性结果。小分子物质经与同种动物（免疫用动物）血清白蛋白交联后用作免疫抗原,可提高小分子物质的免疫原性,容易获取高效价的单克隆抗体。     

Aurora-A对2型糖尿病小鼠模型中胰岛细胞增殖的影响

为研究Aurora-A在2型糖尿病小鼠中对胰岛细胞增殖的影响,通过Western blot、免疫组织化学染色、增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nucler antigen,PCNA)染色等方法研究了Aurora-A在2型糖尿病小鼠胰腺组织中的表达以及抑制AuroraA后糖尿病小鼠胰岛细胞的增殖情况。将32只雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为4组,每组8只,分别为空白组、高脂饮食组、模型组和治疗组。模型组和治疗组采用高脂饲料(high fat diet,HFD)联合链脲佐霉素(Streptozotocin,STZ)腹腔注射造模,造模成功后治疗组以Aurora-A抑制剂连续灌胃2周;模型组则以等量的生理盐水灌胃。经药物干预后采用PCNA染色检测各组小鼠胰岛细胞的增殖情况。结果表明:与空白组相比,Aurora-A在模型组胰腺组织中明显表达升高;与模型组相比,治疗组小鼠经Aurora-A抑制剂治疗后胰岛细胞增殖率明显降低。可见,Aurora-A在2型糖尿病小鼠胰腺组织中表达升高;并对胰岛细胞的增殖起着重要的作用。     

链佐菌素对大鼠胰岛损伤的病理形态免疫组化研究

应用胰岛素,胰高血糖素和生长抑素抗血清,通过免疫组化染色对正常（对照组）和ＳＴＺ诱导的糖尿病大鼠（实验组）胰岛的病理形态进行了观察。结果显示：实验组胰岛Ｂ细胞发生明显变性坏死,对照组与实验组表达胰岛素呈阳性的胰岛分别为９２．４％,２３．３％,二者之间的显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．００１）,实验线胰岛素的表达胰岛胞具有直接损伤作用,Ａ细胞的增生可能与ＳＴＺ有关,并参与升高血糖和胰岛素含量降低效应。     

一类流行病模型的定性分析

给出了一类具双线性发生率Ｈ（Ｉ，Ｓ）＝λＩＳ的ＳＩＲＳ模型 ｄＩ／ｄｔ＝Ｉ．Ｈ（Ｉ，Ｓ）－（ｂ＋ｖ）Ｉ， ｛ ｄＲ／ｄｔ＝ｖＩ－（ｂ＋λ）Ｒ 的定性分析，得到了一些具有实际意义的定性结果。     

复合增聚型铁铝无机高分子絮凝剂PAFCS的红外光谱研究

利用煤矸石及硫铁矿渣制备出了一种新型无机高分子絮凝剂聚硫酸氯化铁铝（ＰＡＦＣＳ），研究了ＰＡＦＣＳ的红外（ＩＲ）光谱结构特征．ＩＲ谱分析表明ＰＡＦＣＳ是Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）十Ａｌ（Ⅲ）与羟基（－ＯＨ）以双羟桥为主结构连接的较复杂的高聚物．其ＩＲ图谱峰形与α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，α－ＦｅＯＯＨ及Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３等明显不同．比较了ＰＡＦＣＳ，ＰＡＣ，ＰＦＳ，ＰＡＣＳ的光谱特征，表明ＰＡＦＣＳ与已知文献报道的絮凝剂ＰＡＣ，ＰＦＳ，ＰＡＣＳ有类似性，即由３１００～３６００ｃｍ（－１）处的ＯＨ伸缩振动及１６００～１６５０ｃｍ（－１）Ｈ－Ｏ－Ｈ弯曲振动的畸变，表明有结构羟基存在；在１１００ｃｍ（－１）附近Ｍ－ＯＨ－Ｍ伸缩振动峰为中等强度峰，证明有铁羟基或铝羟基以及聚合态存在．     

胰腺特异性表达Hes1基因的构建及体外表达

为了探究胰腺的发育机制,以及制备胰腺缺陷型的小型猪模型,构建了特异性表达载体,开展了相关载体构建及体外验证研究.本研究以小鼠PDX1启动子为特异性启动元件,构建胰腺特异性启动小鼠Hes1基因的表达载体PDX1-Hes1,载体转染MIN-6胰岛β细胞、猪耳成纤维细胞及猪肾细胞,培养48h后,通过qRT-PCR、Western Blot检测.结果显示:Hes1在MIN-6胰岛β细胞中的RNA水平和蛋白水平均高效表达,而在非胰腺细胞猪耳成纤维细胞及猪肾细胞中均不表达.试验表明:胰岛特异性表达载体PDX1-Hes1的成功获得,为构建相关基因在胰腺中特异性表达的载体提供参考,为后续制备胰腺缺陷型的小型猪提供了条件.     

还生口服液抗癌作用机制的研究

报道了还生口服液对荷瘤小鼠（Ｓ１８０、ＥＡＣ、Ｌ６１５）癌细胞膜、红细胞膜Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性的影响和对荷瘤小鼠红细胞膜免疫功能的影响。结果表明，还生口服液可显著抑制癌细胞膜、荷瘤小鼠红细胞膜Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ的活性，同时可显著提高荷瘤小鼠红细胞膜的免疫功能，可使红细胞免疫复合物花环率（ＲＦＩＲ）降低，而使红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（ＲＢＣ—Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）、红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环促进率（ＲＦＥＲ）显著提高。本文结果揭示，还生口服液抗癌作用机制有部分是通过抑制癌细胞膜，荷瘤机体红细胞膜Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ的活性，提高荷瘤机体红细胞免疫功能完成的。     

维生素A 对2 型糖尿病大鼠模型胰岛纤维增生的影响

摘要: 目的观察维生素A 对2 型糖尿病( T2DM) 大鼠胰岛纤维增生的影响。方法维生素A 补充2 周后,将GK大鼠胰腺石蜡切片行HE 和Masson 染色,观察胰岛纤维化区域变化。结果补充维生素A 组GK ( Goto-Kakizaki)大鼠胰岛纤维增生区域明显减少。结论外源性给予维生素A 能显著减少T2DM 胰岛纤维增生。     

空肠异位胰腺伴胰岛细胞瘤样增生并肠梗阻误诊为神经内分泌肿瘤病理分析

目的探讨小肠异位胰腺的临床病理学特征及鉴别诊断.方法观察1例空肠异位胰腺伴胰岛细胞增生并发肠梗阻患者的临床表现,依据组织病理学特征并结合相关文献讨论其临床病理特点.结果患者术中空肠系膜缘对侧肠壁见一肿物,大小约2 cm×1 cm×0.8 cm,表面呈结节样,质地韧,活动度差,术中行快速病理学检查,结果为(空肠)神经内分泌肿瘤,术后石蜡切片结果为空肠异位胰腺伴胰岛细胞增生.结论异位胰腺是一种比较罕见的先天性异位器官,大量增生的胰岛细胞单独存在,呈团状.石蜡切片显示:空肠黏膜下有腺泡、导管及胰岛结构,系胰岛细胞增生.     

人胎基底动脉肽能神经的支配—免疫细胞化学方法研究

以16例24周龄至38周龄死亡人胎的基底动脉作材料,用免疫细胞化学方法(ABC法和PAP法)研究某些肽能神经纤维的分布。于光镜下观察到基底动脉壁的外膜中存在血管活性肠肽(VIP)样、P物质(SP)样和生长抑素(SOM)样免疫反应阳性神经纤维。这些神经纤维呈树枝样、爪样、索条样或点状,有些集合成束。在靠近中膜的外弹性膜附近,神经纤维较为密集。但中膜及内膜未发现神经纤维。不同周龄胎儿的基底动脉壁中,此三种免疫反应阳性纤维的分布区域和型式无明显差异。     

Prime role for an insulin epitope in the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice

A fundamental question about the pathogenesis of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes is whether there are primary autoantigens. For type 1 diabetes it is clear that multiple islet molecules are the target of autoimmunity in man and animal models. It is not clear whether any of the target molecules are essential for the destruction of islet beta cells. Here we show that the proinsulin/insulin molecules have a sequence that is a primary target of the autoimmunity that causes diabetes of the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse. We created insulin 1 and insulin 2 gene knockouts combined with a mutated proinsulin transgene (in which residue 16 on the B chain was changed to alanine) in NOD mice. This mutation abrogated the T-cell stimulation of a series of the major insulin autoreactive NOD T-cell clones. Female mice with only the altered insulin did not develop insulin autoantibodies, insulitis or autoimmune diabetes, in contrast with mice containing at least one copy of the native insulin gene. We suggest that proinsulin is a primary autoantigen of the NOD mouse, and speculate that organ-restricted autoimmune disorders with marked major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction of disease are likely to have specific primary autoantigens.     

消除“信息孤岛”的策略

文章分析了“信息孤岛”的成因及危害,提出了我国信息化进程中消除“信息孤岛”的策略,包括统一规划和技术标准,以信息资源管理为核心,对已建立的信息系统进行有效整合,加快培养信息化人才,重视政府对企业和公众服务的信息化。     

Mammalian cochlear supporting cells can divide and trans-differentiate into hair cells

Sensory hair cells of the mammalian organ of Corti in the inner ear do not regenerate when lost as a consequence of injury, disease, or age-related deafness. This contrasts with other vertebrates such as birds, where the death of hair cells causes surrounding supporting cells to re-enter the cell cycle and give rise to both new hair cells and supporting cells. It is not clear whether the lack of mammalian hair cell regeneration is due to an intrinsic inability of supporting cells to divide and differentiate or to an absence or blockade of regenerative signals. Here we show that post-mitotic supporting cells purified from the postnatal mouse cochlea retain the ability to divide and trans-differentiate into new hair cells in culture. Furthermore, we show that age-dependent changes in supporting cell proliferative capacity are due in part to changes in the ability to downregulate the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1) (also known as Cdkn1b). These results indicate that postnatal mammalian supporting cells are potential targets for therapeutic manipulation.     

山药多糖对体外培养大鼠胰岛细胞活性及胰岛素分泌的影响

为评价山药多糖对胰岛细胞功能的影响,以不同质量浓度葡萄糖刺激胰岛素释放,通过四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测胰岛β细胞活性,同时以反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测胰岛细胞的抗凋亡基因bcl-2的表达,研究山药多糖与大鼠胰岛细胞共培养对胰岛细胞活性与胰岛素分泌水平的影响,并对其影响机制进行探讨.结果发现,1600 mg/L组胰岛细胞活性稍有下降,但是与对照组没有显著差异(p0.05);其余各组随培养液中山药多糖质量浓度的增加,胰岛细胞活性增加.低糖或高糖质量浓度环境中实验组与对照组的胰岛素分泌没有显著差异(p0.05),RT-PCR发现实验组的bcl-2表达显著高于对照组(p0.05).800 mg/L山药多糖明显提高胰岛细胞的存活率,改善胰岛功能.     

Atomic structures of amyloid cross-beta spines reveal varied steric zippers

Amyloid fibrils formed from different proteins, each associated with a particular disease, contain a common cross-beta spine. The atomic architecture of a spine, from the fibril-forming segment GNNQQNY of the yeast prion protein Sup35, was recently revealed by X-ray microcrystallography. It is a pair of beta-sheets, with the facing side chains of the two sheets interdigitated in a dry 'steric zipper'. Here we report some 30 other segments from fibril-forming proteins that form amyloid-like fibrils, microcrystals, or usually both. These include segments from the Alzheimer's amyloid-beta and tau proteins, the PrP prion protein, insulin, islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), lysozyme, myoglobin, alpha-synuclein and beta(2)-microglobulin, suggesting that common structural features are shared by amyloid diseases at the molecular level. Structures of 13 of these microcrystals all reveal steric zippers, but with variations that expand the range of atomic architectures for amyloid-like fibrils and offer an atomic-level hypothesis for the basis of prion strains.     

Progressive inhibition of the Ca pump and Ca:Ca exchange in sickle red cells

Sickle cell anaemia red cells (SS) were reported to have a high Ca content and an increased Ca uptake on deoxygenation, but their Ca-pump activity was described as normal. This seemed puzzling because the saturated Ca-extrusion rate of the normal, high Ca-affinity Ca pump is about 10 mmol per 1 cells per h (refs 3, 4) and the highest sickling-induced Ca influx reported in SS cells and observed in ATP-depleted sickle-trait (SA) red cells never exceeded 0.2 mmol per 1 cells per h. Normal pump performance is, therefore, incompatible with Ca accumulation unless SS cells have abnormally high Ca-binding capacity. We provide here evidence which suggests that SS cells have normal Ca-buffering capacity and probably genetically normal Ca pumps, but that the sickling process causes progressive Ca-pump failure and a marked reduction in Ca:Ca exchange.     

鄱阳湖区有螺洲滩分布特征研究

选取2001~2002年鄱阳湖区星子、永修、新建、南昌、进贤、余干、鄱阳、都昌8个县有螺洲滩分布数据以及8县历年血防查、灭螺数据等资料为基础,采用经验统计分析法,利用Excel和SPSS等软件分析研究鄱阳湖区有螺洲滩变化。结果显示:鄱阳湖区有螺洲滩面积与洲滩面积呈正比例关系,与洲滩块数成反比例关系;有螺洲滩集中分布在13.0~17.8 m的高程带上;鄱阳湖区有螺洲滩分布较为离散,但钉螺在洲滩分布较为聚集;有螺洲滩距居民点距离分布较洲滩分布集中。