一株嗜盐古菌DSFD111的分类学鉴定

采用形态学和系统发育分析对一株嗜盐古菌DSFD111进行了分类学鉴定.分离到的DSFD111菌株为革兰氏阴性球菌,不产芽胞,细胞内含类脂粒.最适生长温度为37℃,最适pH为7,最适生长NaCl浓度为4.3mol/L,表明该菌株属于极端嗜盐菌.根据16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析,DSFD111菌株归于盐盒菌属(Haloarcula),与最近缘的Haloarcula argentinensis的相似度为99%.     

Methane oxidation by an extremely acidophilic bacterium of the phylum Verrucomicrobia

Aerobic methanotrophic bacteria consume methane as it diffuses away from methanogenic zones of soil and sediment. They act as a biofilter to reduce methane emissions to the atmosphere, and they are therefore targets in strategies to combat global climate change. No cultured methanotroph grows optimally below pH 5, but some environments with active methane cycles are very acidic. Here we describe an extremely acidophilic methanotroph that grows optimally at pH 2.0-2.5. Unlike the known methanotrophs, it does not belong to the phylum Proteobacteria but rather to the Verrucomicrobia, a widespread and diverse bacterial phylum that primarily comprises uncultivated species with unknown genotypes. Analysis of its draft genome detected genes encoding particulate methane monooxygenase that were homologous to genes found in methanotrophic proteobacteria. However, known genetic modules for methanol and formaldehyde oxidation were incomplete or missing, suggesting that the bacterium uses some novel methylotrophic pathways. Phylogenetic analysis of its three pmoA genes (encoding a subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase) placed them into a distinct cluster from proteobacterial homologues. This indicates an ancient divergence of Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria methanotrophs rather than a recent horizontal gene transfer of methanotrophic ability. The findings show that methanotrophy in the Bacteria is more taxonomically, ecologically and genetically diverse than previously thought, and that previous studies have failed to assess the full diversity of methanotrophs in acidic environments.     

基于地形图符号表达的地理概念研究

为了解决地理概念及其相互关系的符号化表达问题,分析了大比例尺地形图符号的几何构成及符号闻的几何和语义关系,把地形图符号系统作为一种二维图形语言,讨论了它和地理概念之间的关系。根据逻辑学概念和符号的几何形状,定义了基于地形图符号表达的地理概念的种类及其相互关系,并给出具体实例,为用逻辑方法研究地图语言提供了借鉴意义。     

随机Dirichlet级数的整函数的增长性

系统地研究了全平面上收敛的随机Dirichlet级数的增长性,得到了类似于Dirchlet级数所表示的整函数的增长性结果。     

随机Dirichlet级数表示的整函数的增长性

系统地研究了全平面上收敛的随机Dirichlet级数的增长性 .得到了类似于Dirchlet级数所表示的整函数的增长性的结果     

共沉淀法制备的铁酸锌纳米材料的晶化与晶粒生长行为

采用共沉淀法合成了纳米铁酸锌粉体,并对所制粉体在100~1000℃不同温度下进行热处理,用TEM、XRD等手段对所制备的纳米铁酸锌晶体进行了表征,并对纳米铁酸锌晶体的晶粒生长进行了探讨.结果表明,具有尖晶石结构的铁酸锌纳米晶在共沉淀反应时就已形成,但晶粒的尺寸较小;随着热处理温度的进一步升高,晶粒迅速长大,粒径的尺寸分布在5~30 nm;当热处理温度升至1000℃左右时,晶粒尺寸已达微米数量级.对照TEM和XRD测量结果,表明所制备的铁酸锌纳米粉颗粒为单晶颗粒.     

半平面上解析的Laplace-Stieltjes变换的对数精确级

利用对数精确级的定义,研究了右半平面上解析的Laplace-Stieltjes变换的对数精确级,得到对数精确级与最大模、最大项及中心指标的关系,推广了Dirichlet级数的相关结果.     

从绞胎瓷看焦作旅游文化产品的开发

伴随着焦作旅游业的迅猛发展,开发富有焦作地域特点且有丰富文化内涵的旅游产品的需求越来越迫切。历史上曾盛产于焦作当阳峪的绞胎瓷,在断层千年之后,故地重生,以其丰厚的文化底蕴和独特的艺术价值成为现阶段焦作高端文化特产之一。它的开发与生产对进一步拉长焦作旅游产业链条、提升焦作文化形象,具有重要的现实意义。目前,绞胎瓷市场的开发和推广力度还远远不够,且存在着一些实际问题。焦作市应抓住机遇力争把绞胎瓷这个产业做强做大。这不仅可以带动地方经济的发展,更可以提升焦作的文化实力。     

等离子体MOCVD法制备纳米Al2O3粉末及其表征

讨论等离子体有机金属化学气相沉积(MOCVD)法制备纳米Al2O3粉末,同时研究了反应温度、压力、TMA浓度和反应气体(CO2和O2)等制备条件对Al2O3结构性能的影响.试验结果表明,压力增加有利于纳米Al2O3制备.在压力为5.3 kPa、温度为1 000 ℃下,采用MOCVD法可以制备平均直径为2.5 nm的Al2O3粉末.而压力从5.3 kPa增加到100 kPa 时,Al2O3颗粒平均直径从2.5 nm增加到10 nm.温度升高可以促使纳米Al2O3合成.通过透射电镜(TEM)观测到Al2O3粉末为球形.X射线衍射分析(XRD)表明,在温度高于400 ℃时,Al2O3粉末为典型的γ-Al2O3结晶态.     

Photocatalytic oxidation of gaseous benzene over nanosized TiO2 prepared by solvothermal method

Nanosized TiO2 particles were prepared by solvothermal method using tetrabutyl titanate as precursor,ethanol and water as solvents,and a facile immobilization method of nanosized TiO2 particles on woven glass fabric was developed. The samples obtained under various preparation conditions were charac-terized by means of thermo gravimetric analysis(TG) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) ,X-ray diffraction(XRD) ,transmission electron microscopy(TEM) ,high resolution-transmission electron mi-croscopy(HR-TEM) ,and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) . The results show that the cube-shape of TiO2 prepared by solvothermal method has good crystallinity of(101) surface,higher thermal stability and large specific surface area. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images confirmed that the immobi-lized TiO2 film was uniformly distributed and clung to the substrate firmly. The photocatalytic activity of the catalysts was tested using photocatalytic oxidation of gaseous benzene. The results show that the TiO2 calcined after solvothermal treatment suffers from lower specific surface area,and hence de-creases its photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activities of the TiO2 by solvothermal treatment with or without calcination in degradation 400 mg/m3 benzene are 3.7 and 4.1 times as high as catalyst without solvothermal treatment,respectively.     

A new petunia flower colour generated by transformation of a mutant with a maize gene

Petunia hybrida is one of the classical subjects of investigation in plants in which the pathway of anthocyanin biosynthesis has been analysed genetically and biochemically. In petunia cyanidin- and delphinidin-derivatives, but no pelargonidin-derivatives are produced as pigments. This is due to the substrate specificity of the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase of petunia, which cannot reduce dihydrokaempferol. The petunia mutant RL01, which accumulates dihydrokaempferol, shows no flower pigmentation. RL01 served as a recipient for the transfer of the A1 gene of Zea mays encoding dihydroquercetin 4-reductase, which can reduce dihydrokaempferol and thereby provided the intermediate for pelargonidin biosynthesis. Transformation of RL01 with a vector p35A1, containing the A1-complementary DNA behind the 35S promotor leads to red flowers of the pelargonidin-type. Thus a new flower pigmentation pathway has been established in these plants.     

纳米级晶种预涂层法Silicalite-1型沸石膜合成及其结构分析

在大孔-αA l2O3陶瓷管载体上采用晶种预涂层法在澄清溶液体系中水热合成了S ilica lite-1型沸石膜,用SEM和XRD表征了晶种、晶种涂层后载体和成膜后沸石膜的结构、晶形变化、晶相结构等成膜情况,并初步考查了两种不同温度(130℃和160℃)下生长成膜的结构变化.结果表明:制备的晶种呈椭球形、晶粒小(约100 nm)而均匀、纯度高,适合作晶种涂层成膜;所用载体孔径大而不均匀、表面粗糙而不平整,但经晶种涂层后表面可形成一层厚度均匀、光滑的晶种层,再水热晶化时有利于成膜,所得膜连续、清晰无裂缺,载体、晶种层和沸石膜层之间相互结合紧密;连续晶种层改善了载体表面的性能,有利于连续S ilica lite-1沸石膜的形成;合成温度不同,沸石晶粒在载体表面生长的方向不同,所形成的膜微观结构也不同.该合成方法能适合其他不同类型沸石膜的制备.     

纳米ZnFe2O4的柠檬酸盐前驱体法制备与表征

采用柠檬酸盐前驱体法制备纳米ZnFe2O4颗粒,并通过TG-DTA、XRD、TEM和磁性能测试对纳米ZnFe2O4颗粒进行表征.结果表明,柠檬酸盐前驱体在500℃×2h煅烧后可得到单一ZnFe2O4相.通过XRD分析,纳米ZnFe2O4晶粒粒径为21 nm,与TEM分析结果一致;在300 K下测得纳米ZnFe2O4饱和磁化强度为3.5 emu/g,剩磁为0.61 emu/g,矫顽力为17.508 kA/m.     

纳米级品种预涂层法Silicalite-1型沸石膜合成及其结构分析

在大孔α—Al2O3陶瓷管栽体上采用晶种预涂层法在澄清溶液体系中水热合成了Silicalite-1型沸石膜,用SEM和XRD表征了晶种、晶种涂层后载体和成膜后沸石膜的结构、晶形变化、晶相结构等成膜情况,并初步考查了两种不同温度（130℃和160℃）下生长成膜的结构变化．结果表明：制备的品种呈椭球形、晶粒小（约100nm）而均匀、纯度高．适合作晶种涂层成膜;所用载体孔径大而不均匀、表面粗糙而不平整,但经品种涂层后表面可形成一层厚度均匀、光滑的晶种层,再水热晶化时有利于成膜．所得膜连续、清晰无裂缺,载体、晶种层和沸石膜层之间相互结合紧密;连续晶种层改善了载体表面的性能。有利于连续Silicalite—1沸石膜的形成;合成温度不同,沸石晶粒在载体表面生长的方向不同,所形成的膜微观结构也不同．该合成方法能适合其他不同类型沸石膜的制备．     

利用Hadamard积定义的一个新算子

令A(p)(p≥1)表示形如f(z)=zp+ap+1zp+1+…且在单位圆盘U内解析的p叶解析函数类.以此为基础,利用Hadamard积定义了一个作用在A(p)上的新算子Dnm,+rp-1f(z),并研究了A(p)中的函数在算子Dnm,+rp-1f(z)作用下的性质.     

射频反应溅射纳米SnO2薄膜气敏特性研究

采用射频反应溅射在瓷管上制备了SnO2气敏薄膜元件,以及用传统方法制备了SnO2厚膜元件.两种元件经测试表现出对乙醇较高的灵敏度,对两种元件进行了性能对比测试.测试表明,无论在灵敏度、响应恢复时间,还是在检测浓度范围上,SnO2气敏薄膜元件都比传统的厚膜元件性能优越.SnO2气敏薄膜元件经过表面修饰,在200×10-6体积浓度下接近30.对薄膜元件加热温度及选择性进行了研究,初步探讨了元件稳定性及其敏感机理.     

一种新的直觉模糊推理方法

在直觉模糊集的基础上提出一种新的模糊推理方法--直觉模糊集相似度推理方法,并且对该种方法的还原性进行讨论,给出满足还原算法的条件.     

Controlled synthesis of nanosized Si by magnesiothermic reduction from diatomite as anode material for Li-ion batteries

Li-ion batteries(LIBs) have demonstrated great promise in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. However, commercial graphite materials, the current predominant anodes in LIBs, have a low theoretical capacity of only 372 m Ah·g~(-1), which cannot meet the everincreasing demand of LIBs for high energy density. Nanoscale Si is considered an ideal form of Si for the fabrication of LIB anodes as Si–C composites. Synthesis of nanoscale Si in a facile, cost-effective way, however, still poses a great challenge. In this work, nanoscale Si was prepared by a controlled magnesiothermic reaction using diatomite as the Si source. It was found that the nanoscale Si prepared under optimized conditions(800°C, 10 h) can deliver a high initial specific capacity(3053 m Ah·g~(-1) on discharge, 2519 m Ah·g~(-1) on charge) with a high first coulombic efficiency(82.5%). When using sand-milled diatomite as a precursor, the obtained nanoscale Si exhibited a well-dispersed morphology and had a higher first coulombic efficiency(85.6%). The Si–C(Si : graphite = 1:7 in weight) composite using Si from the sand-milled diatomite demonstrated a high specific capacity(over 700 m Ah·g~(-1) at 100 m A·g~(-1)), good rate capability(587 m Ah·g~(-1) at 500 m A·g~(-1)), and a long cycle life(480 m Ah·g~(-1) after 200 cycles at 500 m A·g~(-1)). This work gives a facile method to synthesize nanoscale Si with both high capacity and high first coulombic efficiency.     

一个新的四阶迭代法和一族新的三阶迭代法

目的研究解非线性方程组中的算法问题,得到更高收敛阶的迭代法。方法采用离散C-方法,用数值例子与其他方法进行比较。结果得到一族三阶迭代法且参数取特定值时得到解非线性方程组的一个四阶迭代法。结论此迭代法对解非线性方程组有极其重要的意义。