一株嗜盐古菌DSFD111的分类学鉴定

采用形态学和系统发育分析对一株嗜盐古菌DSFD111进行了分类学鉴定.分离到的DSFD111菌株为革兰氏阴性球菌,不产芽胞,细胞内含类脂粒.最适生长温度为37℃,最适pH为7,最适生长NaCl浓度为4.3mol/L,表明该菌株属于极端嗜盐菌.根据16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析,DSFD111菌株归于盐盒菌属(Haloarcula),与最近缘的Haloarcula argentinensis的相似度为99%.     

Methane oxidation by an extremely acidophilic bacterium of the phylum Verrucomicrobia

Aerobic methanotrophic bacteria consume methane as it diffuses away from methanogenic zones of soil and sediment. They act as a biofilter to reduce methane emissions to the atmosphere, and they are therefore targets in strategies to combat global climate change. No cultured methanotroph grows optimally below pH 5, but some environments with active methane cycles are very acidic. Here we describe an extremely acidophilic methanotroph that grows optimally at pH 2.0-2.5. Unlike the known methanotrophs, it does not belong to the phylum Proteobacteria but rather to the Verrucomicrobia, a widespread and diverse bacterial phylum that primarily comprises uncultivated species with unknown genotypes. Analysis of its draft genome detected genes encoding particulate methane monooxygenase that were homologous to genes found in methanotrophic proteobacteria. However, known genetic modules for methanol and formaldehyde oxidation were incomplete or missing, suggesting that the bacterium uses some novel methylotrophic pathways. Phylogenetic analysis of its three pmoA genes (encoding a subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase) placed them into a distinct cluster from proteobacterial homologues. This indicates an ancient divergence of Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria methanotrophs rather than a recent horizontal gene transfer of methanotrophic ability. The findings show that methanotrophy in the Bacteria is more taxonomically, ecologically and genetically diverse than previously thought, and that previous studies have failed to assess the full diversity of methanotrophs in acidic environments.     

Shape blending of artistic brushstroke represented by disk B-spline curves

This paper presents an algorithm for automatically generating in-between frames of two artistic brushstrokes. The basic idea of the algorithm is to represent the two key frames of artistic brushstrokes in disk B-spline curves, and then make blending of their geometric intrinsic variables. Given two key frames of artistic brushstrokes, the skeleton curves can be obtained by certain skeleton-based techniques. After disk B-spline representation of the key frames is generated, interpolation of the intrinsic variables of the initial and the target disk B-spline curves is carried out. Examples show that this method can efficiently create in-between frames of artistic brushstrokes.     

基于地形图符号表达的地理概念研究

为了解决地理概念及其相互关系的符号化表达问题,分析了大比例尺地形图符号的几何构成及符号闻的几何和语义关系,把地形图符号系统作为一种二维图形语言,讨论了它和地理概念之间的关系。根据逻辑学概念和符号的几何形状,定义了基于地形图符号表达的地理概念的种类及其相互关系,并给出具体实例,为用逻辑方法研究地图语言提供了借鉴意义。     

Shape blending of artistic brushstroke represented by disk B-spline curves

This paper presents an algorithm for automatically generating in-between frames of two artistic brushstrokes. The basic idea of the algorithm is to represent the two key frames of artistic brushstrokes in disk B-spline curves, and then make blending of their geometric intrinsic variables. Given two key frames of artistic brushstrokes, the skeleton curves can be obtained by certain skeleton-based techniques. After disk B-spline representation of the key frames is generated, interpolation of the intrinsic variables of the initial and the target disk B-spline curves is carried out. Examples show that this method can efficiently create in-between frames of artistic brushstrokes.     

随机Dirichlet级数表示的整函数的增长性

系统地研究了全平面上收敛的随机Dirichlet级数的增长性 .得到了类似于Dirchlet级数所表示的整函数的增长性的结果     

随机Dirichlet级数的整函数的增长性

系统地研究了全平面上收敛的随机Dirichlet级数的增长性,得到了类似于Dirchlet级数所表示的整函数的增长性结果。     

半平面上解析的Laplace-Stieltjes变换的对数精确级

利用对数精确级的定义,研究了右半平面上解析的Laplace-Stieltjes变换的对数精确级,得到对数精确级与最大模、最大项及中心指标的关系,推广了Dirichlet级数的相关结果.     

共沉淀法制备的铁酸锌纳米材料的晶化与晶粒生长行为

采用共沉淀法合成了纳米铁酸锌粉体,并对所制粉体在100~1000℃不同温度下进行热处理,用TEM、XRD等手段对所制备的纳米铁酸锌晶体进行了表征,并对纳米铁酸锌晶体的晶粒生长进行了探讨.结果表明,具有尖晶石结构的铁酸锌纳米晶在共沉淀反应时就已形成,但晶粒的尺寸较小;随着热处理温度的进一步升高,晶粒迅速长大,粒径的尺寸分布在5~30 nm;当热处理温度升至1000℃左右时,晶粒尺寸已达微米数量级.对照TEM和XRD测量结果,表明所制备的铁酸锌纳米粉颗粒为单晶颗粒.     

混合型纳米氧化铝的爆轰合成研究

 利用700 g硝酸铝、199 g尿素和300 g黑索金为原料制成高密度的水胶炸药,该炸药在爆炸罐中爆轰合成出了纳米氧化铝.利用高分辨率透射电镜和X光衍射仪器对实验得到的粉体进行了分析.透射结果表明该法所得到的氧化铝颗粒尺寸都是纳米级的,而且颗粒的形状呈球形,最小的颗粒约8 nm,颗粒尺寸为15nm左右的居多.衍射结果表明大部分的纳米氧化铝为α型,有少部分的θ型.另外把纳米氧化铝在不同温度下进行烧结.根据烧结后的衍射曲线简单分析了氧化铝的烧结过程.同时指出大部分θ(型氧化铝的转化温度为900℃左右.     

纳米二氧化钛光催化降解亮蓝染料的研究

以纳米TiO₂为光催化剂，高压汞灯为紫外光源，研究了水溶液中亮蓝染料的半导体光催化降解及其影响因素。研究结果表明，TiO₂在500℃煅烧后所形成的锐钛型产物具有较好的光催化效果。纳米TiO₂的用量是影响亮蓝降解反应速率的重要因素，其最适宜的用量为1.0kg/m³。亮蓝的初始浓度越高，降解率越低。在亮蓝初始浓度为12.62mmol/m³，纳米TiO₂的用量为1.0kg/m³时，经光照40min后亮蓝的降解率可达99%以上，并通过回归分析得出了亮蓝降解的动力学方程。     

用线性泛函表达两个凸集距离的一些公式

获得用线性泛函数表达最近距离ｐ（Ｆ,Ｇ）的一系列公式,并讨论了他们的多种形式,这是关于两个集近渡点理论及带距离性分离定理一系列工作的推进,得到了特殊情形下的单点集到凸集的最佳逼近渡公式,与右结果相吻合,最后考虑了共轭空间Ｘ＾＊中两个凸集距离公式的问题。     

从绞胎瓷看焦作旅游文化产品的开发

伴随着焦作旅游业的迅猛发展,开发富有焦作地域特点且有丰富文化内涵的旅游产品的需求越来越迫切。历史上曾盛产于焦作当阳峪的绞胎瓷,在断层千年之后,故地重生,以其丰厚的文化底蕴和独特的艺术价值成为现阶段焦作高端文化特产之一。它的开发与生产对进一步拉长焦作旅游产业链条、提升焦作文化形象,具有重要的现实意义。目前,绞胎瓷市场的开发和推广力度还远远不够,且存在着一些实际问题。焦作市应抓住机遇力争把绞胎瓷这个产业做强做大。这不仅可以带动地方经济的发展,更可以提升焦作的文化实力。     

等离子体MOCVD法制备纳米Al2O3粉末及其表征

讨论等离子体有机金属化学气相沉积(MOCVD)法制备纳米Al2O3粉末,同时研究了反应温度、压力、TMA浓度和反应气体(CO2和O2)等制备条件对Al2O3结构性能的影响.试验结果表明,压力增加有利于纳米Al2O3制备.在压力为5.3 kPa、温度为1 000 ℃下,采用MOCVD法可以制备平均直径为2.5 nm的Al2O3粉末.而压力从5.3 kPa增加到100 kPa 时,Al2O3颗粒平均直径从2.5 nm增加到10 nm.温度升高可以促使纳米Al2O3合成.通过透射电镜(TEM)观测到Al2O3粉末为球形.X射线衍射分析(XRD)表明,在温度高于400 ℃时,Al2O3粉末为典型的γ-Al2O3结晶态.     

超声-微乳液混合法制备纳米WO3粉体及其表征

在超声振荡条件下,将两份分别增溶有Na2WO4和HCl水溶液的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)/正丁醇(C4H9OH)/环己烷(C6H12)的微乳液进行混合反应,制备了WO3纳米粒子.利用XRD、TGDTA、TEM等测试手段对产物的粒径、物相组成、热稳定性和形貌进行了表征,探讨了煅烧温度对WO3粉体粒径大小的影响.XRD衍射分析表明煅烧后的WO3粉体为结晶性较好的单斜晶系.TEM照片显示经不同温度处理后所得的WO3超细粒子呈粒度分布窄的类球形.随着煅烧温度的升高,粒子间产生团聚使粒径急剧增大,500℃下恒温3 h后产物的平均粒径约为40 nm.     

Synthesis and characterizations of nanosized tin-doped indium oxide by different soft-chemical routes

Nanosized tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) with different phase formation and morphologies has been successfully synthesized by two different soft chemical methods: combustion synthesis from the aqueous tin and indium nitrate solution containing urea as the fuel and hydrothermal treatment of the solution with the urea as the mineralizer. The sub?micrometer ITO nanoclusters with stratified morphology were obtained by calcining the obtained precursor from combustion process at 600℃ for one hour. However, by utilizing urea as the mineralizer during the hydrothermal treatment, the obtained ITO powders exhibit a composite morphology consisting of spheres and rods after calcining at 600℃ for one hour. Both of the processing routes yield a two-phase mixture consisting of rhombohedral and cubic forms of ITO.     

纳米二氧化锡粉体的超重力-水热法制备与表征

以SnCl₄·5H₂O和氨水为原料,用超重力-水热法制备了纳米SnO₂粉体。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和物理吸附仪(BET)等分析手段对其进行表征。考察了反应物浓度、反应温度和陈化时间等实验条件对纳米SnO₂粉体的晶体结构、粒度及分散性的影响。结果表明,在SnO₂溶液浓度为0.05mol/L、水热温度240～280℃以及陈化时间3～8h得到的粉体结晶性良好、比表面积大(90～170m²/g)、粉体的颗粒大小在2～6nm左右,并具有良好的分散性。     

纳米金催化剂低温催化氧化甲醛和一氧化碳的研究

采用均相沉积沉淀法制备了Au/CeO2催化剂,考察了不同焙烧条件对金催化剂催化HCHO和CO氧化两个反应的活性变化规律,并对活性机理进行了研究。实验结果显示,该催化剂具有优异的低温催化HCHO和CO氧化的活性。其中经500?℃焙烧的催化剂在50?℃、体积空速为5000h-1下可以实现甲醛的完全催化氧化;经300?℃焙烧的催化剂在0?℃、体积空速为450000h-1下可以实现对CO70%的转化。发射扫描透射电镜、X射线粉末衍射的表征结果显示：对于催化CO氧化来说,粒径越小活性越高,而对于催化HCHO氧化来说,则呈高斯曲线型,粒径较低时,粒径的大小和活性是呈正比的。X射线光电子能谱表征结果显示：催化CO氧化体系中,Auδ+和Au0共同作为活性组分,而催化HCHO氧化体系中,则是Au0为主要的活性组分。     

纳米WO3材料NO2气敏特性的研究

通过热分解法 ,制备获得纳米WO3 材料 ,以此WO3 为气敏材料 ,应用溶胶凝胶法 ,制备纳米SiO2 掺杂材料 ,研制NO2 气敏元件 .该元件对NO2 气体有较高的灵敏度和较好的选择性 .利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪 ,分析材料的微观结构 ,进行气敏特性机理探讨 .     

A new petunia flower colour generated by transformation of a mutant with a maize gene

Petunia hybrida is one of the classical subjects of investigation in plants in which the pathway of anthocyanin biosynthesis has been analysed genetically and biochemically. In petunia cyanidin- and delphinidin-derivatives, but no pelargonidin-derivatives are produced as pigments. This is due to the substrate specificity of the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase of petunia, which cannot reduce dihydrokaempferol. The petunia mutant RL01, which accumulates dihydrokaempferol, shows no flower pigmentation. RL01 served as a recipient for the transfer of the A1 gene of Zea mays encoding dihydroquercetin 4-reductase, which can reduce dihydrokaempferol and thereby provided the intermediate for pelargonidin biosynthesis. Transformation of RL01 with a vector p35A1, containing the A1-complementary DNA behind the 35S promotor leads to red flowers of the pelargonidin-type. Thus a new flower pigmentation pathway has been established in these plants.