BaO-TiO2-ZnO-Nb2O5系统微波陶瓷的相转变机制与介电性能

对采用传统电子陶瓷工艺制备的BaO-TiO2-ZnO-Nb2O5(BTZN)微波介质陶瓷系统的相转变机制与介电性能进行了研究．XRD分析表明,系统的主晶相为Ba2Ti9O20、BaTi4O9．由Zn2 和Nb5 共同取代Ti4 ,作为施主受主杂质达到电价平衡,形成了BaTi4-xZnx/3Nb2x/3O9和Ba2Ti9-xZnx/3Nb2x/3O20固溶体,显著降低系统的烧结温度,获得优良的介电性能．同时,Nb5 能够抑制在空气气氛中烧结产生的Ti4 还原,防止Ti3 造成的介电性能恶化．BaO-TiO2- ZnO-Nb2O5系统在980℃已经开始大量生成Ba3Ti12Zn7O34相;自1050℃开始形成、并在1110℃大量生成Ba- Ti5O11相;BaTi5O11相的生成对于最终烧结过程中主晶相Ba2Ti9O20的形成起到很关键的作用．1110℃预烧、 1160℃烧结的该系统陶瓷材料的微波介电性能为:εr=37;Q=24 000(10 GHz);τf= 4．5×10-6／℃     

Ba_6Ti_2Nb_8O_(30)和Sr_6Ti_2Nb_8O_(30)陶瓷的驰豫铁电性能

作者用固相烧结方法合成了具有充满型钨青铜结构的Ba6Ti2Nb8O30和Sr6Ti2Nb8O30陶瓷.不同频率下Ba6Ti2Nb8O30和Sr6Ti2Nb8O30陶瓷介电常数随温度的变化的规律表明,这两种陶瓷的铁电-顺电相变具有明显的驰豫铁电相变特征,相变弥散指数分别为1.95与1.41.它们在1MHz时的居里温度分别为155℃和160℃,两者的居里温度十分相近.同时,对其介电性能的电场可调性进行了初步研究.当外加电场为2kV/cm、频率为10kHz时,Ba6Ti2Nb8O30和Sr6Ti2Nb8O30陶瓷在铁电-顺电转变温度附近的最大介电常数可调度为2.8%和0.3%.     

Ba6-3xNd8+2xTi18O54(x=2/3)的聚合物前驱体法合成研究

以EDTA为络合剂，EG为酯化剂，利用聚合物前驱体法合成了Ba6-3xNd8 2xTi18O54陶瓷，研究了不同的EDTA与金属离子摩尔比对粉末结晶特性的影响，利用DTA，TG和XRD等技术分析了Ba6-3xNd8 2xTi18O54前驱体和得到的氧化物粉末，测试了由x(EDTA)/x(M)=1．00的前驱体得到的Ba6-3xNd8 2xTi18O54(x=2／3)陶瓷的微波介电性能。在900℃预烧x(EDTA)/x(M)=1．00的前驱体3h，单相的Ba6-3xNd8 2xTi^18O54(x=2／3)直接形成，没有出现中间相。1000℃预烧，1340℃烧结的Ba6-3xNd8 2xTi18O54(x=2／3)陶瓷具有最佳的微波介电性能：ε=87．1，Qf=8710GHz。     

超声化学法快速合成BaTiO3纳米粉体

以Ba(OH)2和Ti(OC4H9)4作为Ba源和Ti源,利用超声化学法合成结晶良好的BaTiO3纳米粉体。用X线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和Zeta电位/粒度分析仪考察V(C2H5OH)∶V(H2O)和反应时间对合成产物的物相、形貌和粒度分布的影响。结果表明:乙醇的加入对规则球形纳米BaTiO3颗粒的形成有积极的作用。当V(C2H5OH)∶V(H2O)为3∶1,超声反应20 min即可得到一次颗粒尺寸约为35 nm的立方相球形BaTiO3粉体。     

Ba_3Ti_5Nb_(6-x)TaxO_(28)陶瓷的结构与介电性能

采用传统的固相合成法制备Ba3Ti5Nb6-xTaxO28(0≤x≤0.67)微波介质陶瓷,研究了Ta对Ba3Ti5Nb6O28陶瓷结构与微波介电性能的影响.随Ta含量的增加,Ba3Ti5Nb6-xTaxO28陶瓷先为Ba3Ti5Nb6O28单相;当x增大到0.5时,则出现了第二相Ba3Ti4Nb4O21.随Ta含量增加,Ba3Ti5Nb6-xTaxO28陶瓷的介电常数变化较小,Qf值先明显升高后下降,而谐振频率温度系数τf逐渐增大.x=0.16时,获得了介电性能优异的Ba3Ti5Nb6-xTaxO28陶瓷,介电性能为:ε=37.9,Qf=2.8137×104GHz,τf=-6.0×10-6℃-1.     

BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3陶瓷的制备及其介电性能

目的研究钛过量对溶胶-凝胶法制备的掺钕钛酸钡粉体及其陶瓷的相组成、显微结构和介电性能的影响。方法采用溶胶-凝胶法制备BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3纳米晶粉体及其陶瓷，通过TEM，SEM，XRD等对钛酸钡基纳米晶粉体及其陶瓷的相组成和显微结构进行了表征，并测定陶瓷的介电性能。结果溶胶-凝胶法合成出BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3纳米晶粉体(35—50nm)，主晶相为立方相，在1350℃／2h烧结后为四方相细晶陶瓷，其居里温度为100℃，最大介电常数为8596，介电损耗为0．014。结论溶胶-凝胶法可制得BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3纳米晶粉体及其细晶陶瓷，钛过量可改善陶瓷的微观形貌和介电性能。     

掺杂方式对Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷微结构及性能的影响

采用溶-凝胶法制备Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷粉末,以传统陶瓷制备工艺制备Mg元素掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷．研究MgO掺杂量为1．6％（质量分数）时,MgO固相掺杂和Mg计湿化学法掺杂两种不同的掺杂方式对Mg掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷显微结构及电学性能的影响．研究结果表明,当Mg掺杂量相同时,掺杂方式对Mg掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3。陶瓷的显微结构和电学特性有显著的影响,相比纯的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷,两种掺杂方式中,Mg2＋湿化学法掺杂相对于MgO固相掺杂,在BSZT陶瓷中的分布更均匀,替位程度更高,所以其对介电常数的影响也相对更大．而MgO固相掺杂相对于Mg2＋湿化学法掺杂明显地促进了陶瓷晶粒的生长,提高了陶瓷的致密性,同时其击穿电场和电阻率也有较大提高．1350℃下烧结的固相MgO掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷性能较优,介电常数约为590,介电损耗低于0．0005,电阻率为7．78×10^13Ω·mm,击穿场强为6．56kV／mm．     

离子交换法可控合成四钛酸钾衍生物

利用四钛酸钾(K2Ti4O9)离子交换平衡热力学模型预测了获得K2Ti4O9纯相衍生物的最优条件,并以K2Ti4O9晶须为前驱体,以目标产物的固相Ti与K摩尔比为控制目标,通过调节离子交换过程中溶液平衡pH值和用K+选择性电极控制液相K+浓度,成功合成出纯相的水合四钛酸H2Ti4O9*1.2 H2O、TiO2 晶须、K2Ti8O17晶须、K2Ti6O13晶须,用实验验证了预测的准确性.同时实验结果表明,只要控制了离子交换中间产物的固相化学组成,就可以控制最后产物的形式,初步探索了反应过程中组成和结构的关系.     

0.85PZN-0.10BT-0.05PT陶瓷烧结工艺及性能

采用二次合成法制备了 0 .85Pb(Zn1/3Nb2 /3) O3 0 .1 0 Ba Ti O3 0 .0 5Pb Ti O3弛豫铁电陶瓷 ,探讨了烧结温度对陶瓷相结构和晶粒的影响 ,优化了烧结工艺 ,并在此基础上研究了陶瓷的介电性能和电致伸缩性能。结果表明 ,陶瓷中钙钛矿相的含量随烧结温度的升高而不断增加 ,而升高预烧温度对提高钙钛矿相的结构稳定性不利。优化烧结工艺后 ,获得了 1 0 0 %钙钛矿相的陶瓷 ,其峰值介电常数为 60 67,在电场为 2 0 0 0 V/ mm时电致应变可达 5.5× 1 0 -4 。     

一种非化学计量钛氧化物的制备和表征

用钛粉和草酸反应制得前驱物 ,在氮气保护下 6 0 0℃热分解前驱物制备了一种非化学计量钛氧化物 .讨论了前驱物的组成和热分析结果 ,对其化学式进行了推断 ,并从组成、颜色、比表面积等方面对产物进行了表征 .认为前驱物的化学式可能是TiC2 O4·2H2 O .热分析的结果表明前驱物的热分解可分为三个过程 ,并且将热分解温度控制在 6 0 0℃可以保证前驱物的完全分解 .X射线粉末衍射分析 (XRD)结果显示产物中包含Ti2 O和TiO2两相 .本法制得的产物比表面积大 ,黑色度高 ,可以用作黑色颜料     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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