纸质包装箱的灭菌条件及其在屏障环境下的存放时限

目的研究实验动物纸质包装箱的灭菌条件及其在屏障环境下的存放时限。方法将包装箱用预真空高压蒸汽法灭菌,比较不同灭菌时间的灭菌效果;将彻底灭菌的包装箱在屏障环境下存放,检测不同存放时长下细菌生长情况。结果采用预真空高压蒸汽灭菌法抽真空3次、干燥5 min、121℃、25 min的灭菌条件能较彻底灭菌;存放时间3天以内,细菌检出率低。结论要实现包装箱灭菌彻底,灭菌时间需25 min;灭菌后的包装箱最好随灭随用,在屏障环境下存放的时间以不超过3天为宜。     

果胶酶和壳聚糖对荔枝果汁澄清效果的比较

研究了果胶酶和壳聚糖对荔枝果汁的澄清作用,并通过正交试验确定了各自的最佳工艺条件,即果胶酶法:果胶酶用量为100mg/L,pH为3,温度为40℃,澄清时间为3h;壳聚糖法:壳聚糖用量0.6g/L,pH为3,温度为40℃,澄清时间为3h。从澄清效果和贮存稳定性看,两种方法都能很好地澄清荔枝果汁;但综合成本等因素来看,壳聚糖法明显优于果胶酶法。     

异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯合成

以异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚、P2O5为主要原料，合成异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯，探讨了原料摩尔比、酯化温度、酯化时间、水解方式和时间对酯化反应影响，确定了最佳工艺条件。异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚(n=4)与P2O5的摩尔比为3．5：1，酯化温度65℃，酯化时间3h，水解0．5h，该条件下合成产品酯化率达96％，产品耐碱大于200g／L，沉降时间小于10s。     

煤矸石微晶玻璃热处理工艺的研究

利用烧结法制备煤矸石微晶玻璃,采用正交试验方法研究了热处理工艺制度.由试验得到的最佳工艺制度为核化温度710℃,核化时间2h;晶化温度为836℃,晶化时间为2h.并结合DTA、X射线衍射和扫描电镜的研究结果进行综合分析,为获得具有实用价值的CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统煤矸石微晶玻璃提供了参考和依据.     

Al2O3基泡沫陶瓷烧结工艺的研究

采用了常压烧结工艺,考察适用于制备细孔径Al2O3基泡沫陶瓷过滤器的最佳烧结温度方法.通过对泡沫陶瓷烧结工艺的研究,得出最佳烧结温度为1 400℃,保温时间为3 h,可得到抗压强度为2.71 MPa的细孔径氧化铝基泡沫陶瓷过滤器.     

玉米笋软罐头加工工艺的研究

文章以玉米笋为原料,研究玉米笋罐头加工过程中的硬化和护色工艺。结果表明,玉米笋最佳的硬化工艺条件为：氯化钙硬化玉米笋的温度为30℃．硬化的时间为60min,氯化钙的浓度为O．025％;玉米笋最佳的护色工艺条件为：维生素C护色玉米笋的温度为40℃,护色的时间为2．5h,维生素C的护色浓度为0．15％;柠檬酸护色温度为35℃,护色的时间为2h,柠檬酸的护色浓度为0．2％;综合分析后维生素C护色处理玉米笋较佳。文章并对玉米笋软罐头杀菌效果进行了研究,试验表明95℃、10min或90℃、20min为最佳杀菌温度时间。     

利用生物酶法制备土豆高纯膳食纤维粉

利用生物蛋白酶和脂肪酶对生产土豆淀粉过程中产生的土豆漆在近中性条例上进行水解，制备了食用性高纯土豆纤维粉。该实验结果表明，对蛋白酶的适宜水解温度应为60℃，最佳PH值为7．1，时间为10－12h；对脂肪酶的适宜水解温度应为45℃，最佳PH为7．5，时间为8－10h，通过酶法处理后得到的纤维素具有纯度高，口感好等特点，同时，也为制备其他纤维性食品提供了一种参考途径。     

棉杆皮生化脱胶工艺研究

采用生物-化学联合处理方法,研究棉杆皮脱胶工艺.通过正交实验,确定了果胶酶脱胶处理的最佳工艺为果胶酶浓度12%(o.w.f),温度40℃,时间30h,pH值4.4,浴比1:30;化学脱胶处理的最佳工艺为NaOH质量浓度8 g/L,H2O2质量浓度7g/L,温度100℃,时间45min,浴比1:50.     

不同贮存环境下三乙酸甘油酯成分变化的实证研究

为摸索贮存环境对三乙酸甘油酯成分变化的影响，模拟了由3种不同的相对湿度和3个不同的温度组合而成的贮存环境，对三乙酸甘油酯分别进行28 d的贮存试验，并对其酸度及酯含量进行分析测试.实验结果表明：1）不同贮存环境下，三乙酸甘油酯酸度与贮存温度呈显著相关，与相对湿度不显著相关.当贮存温度为45℃时，随着时间的推移，酸度以二次曲线的方式迅速增加；当贮存温度为5℃和30℃时，酸度无明显变化.2）不同贮存环境下，三乙酸甘油酯酯含量均值和极值的变化皆不明显（均值极差为0.062%，极值极差为0.17%），且这些变化与贮存环境变化的关联强度系数仅为36.3%，关联强度不大.     

石油生物脱硫菌UP-1培养及反应条件的优化

利用从胜利油田的土壤和污水中筛选到的能降解二苯并噻吩(DBT)的施氏假单胞菌UP-1，考察了培养温度、时间、pH值对菌种生长的影响，以及底物浓度、反应温度和反应时间对菌株UP-1、脱硫性能的影响，并考察了UP-1静息细胞的重复使用性能。结果表明，UP-1最佳培养温度为30℃，培养时间为24h，培养基的pH为7．5；脱硫反应适宜的Ⅸ汀质量浓度为500mg／L，反应温度为30℃，反应时间为20h；UP-1静息细胞具有可循环使用的脱硫活性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has