PAN/HBP复合超细纤维的制备与表征

采用聚丙烯腈/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/多氨基超支化聚合物三元体系为纺丝液,通过静电纺丝制备了PAN/HBP复合超细纤维,探讨了聚丙烯腈浓度、超支化聚合物含量、纺丝电压、接收距离和推进速度等因素对复合纤维直径和形貌的影响.结果表明,增大PAN浓度和增加HBP含量,都会使纤维直径增大;静电纺丝电压增大,可以减小纤维直径;适当的接收距离和推进速度才可以获得直径细而均匀的纤维.通过对PAN/HBP复合超细纤维的氨基含量测试和FTIR分析,进一步证实了PAN/HBP复合纤维表面和内部氨基的存在.     

微细纤维的生产与应用

主要论述了微细纤维生产的常规纺丝方法和双组分纺丝法，以及微细纤维在服装、装饰品、无纺布、医学、航海等诸方面的应用。另外，对微细纤维的种类划分、优异性能及国内生产现状也予以扼要介绍。     

Application of Rare Earth Spin Finishes Chloride on PET/PA Composite Super-fine Denier Fiber

The primariy application of rare - earth spin finishes on PET/PA composite super - fine denier fiber has been studied in this paper. It results in the improvement of fi-ber's properties, such as increased whiteness, brightness and brilliance, effective and uniform spliting of compos-ite fiber into super - fine denier fiber and enhanced dye-ing effect.     

Effects of Auxiliary Agents on the Dyeing of Polyester Super Microfiber

The influences of various auxiliary agents on solubility ofthe disperse dye were studied.In the presence of the auxiliary agents during the dyeing of polyester microfi-ber,the dye uptake and migration were measured andeffects of these agentes were discussed.The effect of mix-ture of these agents was also studied in an attempt to im-prove the levelling and depth of polyester super microfi-ber dyeing.     

Effect of Ecotype Carrier for Disperse Dye on Dyeing of Polyester Microfiber

The effect of "Eco" carrier SML for disperse dye on dyeing of polyester microfiber was studied. With respect of the result of effects of SML on dyeing rate curve, dye build - up, migration of dyed polyester microfiber and K/S, color property, color fastness of dyed polyester microfiber fabrics, SML has a significant application perspective, deserving practical uses.     

长丝/短纤维复合纱捻度测试方法的探讨

提出用最大长度法测定长丝／短纤维复合纱的捻度，对两种羊毛、聚酯短纤维混合须条／聚酯长丝Sirofil纱的捻度进行了测试并同解捻法、一次退捻加捻法的试验结果进行了比较分析。结果表明：最大长度法捻度测试结果大于一次退捻加捻法而小于解捻法，与解捻法比较接近；一次退捻加捻法捻度试验结果明显偏低，不太适合于长丝／短纤维复合纱的捻度测试。     

尼龙PA6/CuCl_2复合膜表面金属化研究

以聚己内酰胺(尼龙6,PA6)为基体制备PA6/CuCl_2复合膜,在NaBH_4溶液中用化学还原法制得导电薄膜。研究了复合膜组成、还原剂浓度、还原时间、还原温度对导电薄膜表面电阻的影响,得到较优的反应条件:温度为35℃-40℃,PA6与CuCl_2的质量比为5:1,还原剂浓度0.1%,还原时间90 s-100s,测得薄膜的最小电阻为2Ω/cm~2-5Ω/cm~2。     

毛涤复合纱线扭转性能及扭应力松弛行为的研究

应用自行研制的直接测量纱线扭矩装置，这里测试数种纱线的扭矩-捻度关系曲线及其在常温和热状态下的扭应力松弛关系曲线，分析相同捻度下各种纱线扭矩差异的根源，发现涤长丝与毛短纤复合纱线的特殊结构是造成复合纱线残余扭矩较大的主要原因，这里的测试结果可作为纱线的捻度设计及捻度定型工艺设计的参考依据。     

Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polymers and Its Effect on Water Vapor Permeability of Microfiber Synthetic Leather

A series of hyperbranched poly(amine-ester)polyols were synthesized by the polycondensation of N,N-diethylol-3-amine-methylpropionate(prepared by Michael addition reaction of methyl acrylate with diethanolamine)as an AB2-type monomer with trimethylol propane as the core moiety,proceeding in one-step procedure in the melt with p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst.The obtained monomer and polymers were characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.The solubility and surface activity in aqueous solution of the polymers were also examined.The gas permeability,water vapor permeability,and moisture absorption of microfiber synthetic leather treated by hyperbranched polymer were studied.The optimum conditions were that the dosage of dye and hyperbranched polymer was 5% and 10%,respectively.The water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of microfiber synthetic leather reached to 0.525 4 mg/(10 cm2·24 h)and 0.046 7 mg/(10 cm2·24 h).Compared with blank samples,they increased by 15% and 35%,respectively.However,the dosage of hyperbranched polymer has little influence on gas permeability of microfiber synthetic leather.SEM results show that the fiber of microfiber synthetic leather treated by hyperbranched polymer is incompact.     

长玻璃纤维增强PET复合材料界面的研究

为促进PET在玻璃纤维表面的接枝反应，将长玻璃纤维增强PET热塑性复合材料的预浸料进行热处理，用短粱三点弯曲测定了长玻纤增强PET复合材料的层间剪切强度，采用红外光谱分析、扫描电镜、裂解气相色谱质谱联用等手段对增强纤维表面的化学结构进行了分析。结果表明经过热处理可以提高复合材料的界面粘合强度，而此良好的界面粘合强度源于PET分子链在玻璃纤维表面的接枝反应。     

复合材料多界面脱粘超声检测技术

本文分析了各种复合材料多界面脱粘检测技术的优缺点，如X射线照相、X射线CT、超声脉冲回波技术、超声穿透技术和超声谐振技术等．提出了能够检测金属基复合材料多界面脱粘的“板波诱发波超声检测技术”的原理，并在实际试件上进行了研究，给出了第一界面、第二界面、第三界面的脱粘检测结果和两个界面的脱粘检测C扫描图像．     

Study on the Process Technology of PA6/PET Bicomponent Fiber

PA6/PET bicomponent fiber at different spinning speeds were produced. Influences of cross blowing, spinning speed, PA6 and PET component ratio, drawing condition etc. on the mechanical properties, heat shrinkage, orientation and crystallization of the fiber were investigated. Also the rules among these influencing parameters were obtained. The splitting property of the fiber and its influence on the textile processing are discussed, which offers a base for the production of PA6/ PET bicomponent fiber using splitting technology.     

竹木复合集装箱底板弹性模量的无损检测

以竹木复合集装箱底板为对象进行在线无损检测研究。介绍了采用PLC（可编程控制器）与工控机相结合的方法进行接触式竹木复合集装箱底板弹性模量无损检测的原理,要求及程序编制。     

玻璃/纤维环氧复合材料静态拉伸试验

在描述纤维增强复合材料试件的拉伸实验中,根据试件中纤维的展布方向与拉伸荷载方向的夹角,把试件做成0°~90°每15°一个试件,并分为3种方案测出复合材料试件各个角度下的弹性模量、泊松比和应力应变曲线等参量。实验结果表明:当纤维展布方向与外载荷方向一致时,纤维对材料的增强效果最为明显;不同主纤维角度试件的弹性模量、弹性强度、极限强度和能量释放率等参量随主纤维角度的变化趋势一致,先急剧下降然后缓慢的升高。     

低温等离子体诱导下导电高分子复合膜的制备

利用等离子体技术对PET薄膜进行表面处理,并诱导引发AAc在其表面接枝聚合,制备PAAc-g-PET复合膜,用化学氧化方法使PPy接枝聚合在PAAc-g-PET表面,制备出PPy-g-PAAc-g-PET复合膜.利用ATR-FTIR和SEM对制备的复合膜分别进行结构和表面形貌分析.导电性测试结果表明,PPy-g-PAAc-g-PET复合膜的导电性也明显提高.同时考察了温度、时间、浓度等对PPy-g-PAAc-g-PET复合膜接枝率的影响,得到PET薄膜接枝PPy的最佳条件为温度60 ℃,反应时间6 h.研究结果表明,PPy能很好地接枝到PAAc-g-PET复合膜的表面.     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电复合纤维的制备

先将涤纶纤维在苯胺溶液中预浸泡,然后进行处理,再将纤维置于氧化剂的酸溶液中使苯胺在纤维上氧化聚合,同时进行掺杂制得聚苯胺/涤纶导电复合纤维。讨论了苯胺单体含量、掺杂酸浓度、氧化剂浓度、反应温度及时间对纤维导电性能的影响。实验表明,采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的导电性能,电导率达10~(-2)S/cm数量级。     

PET／PA6－PEO胺共混纤维抗静电改性

在有少量水存在情况下，将数均分子量（Ｍｎ）分别为１０００和４０００的聚氧乙烯二胺（ＰＥＯ胺）与等克分子的己二酸成盐后，再与己内酰胺共聚制得ＰＡ６－ＰＥＯ胺嵌段共聚物。该嵌段共聚物按ＰＥＯ胺０．０３和０．０４（质量分数）配比分别与涤纶（ＰＥＴ）切片共混，进行熔融纺丝及拉伸。研究发现，由Ｍｎ＝１０００的ＰＥＯ胺制得的ＰＡ６－ＰＥＯ胺嵌段共聚物中低聚物含量较少，分子量分布窄，与涤纶切片共混后具有良好的可纺性和拉伸性能；而ＰＥＯ胺Ｍｎ＝４０００的共混纤维可纺性、可拉伸性都差。共混纤维断裂强度较纯涤纶有所下降，而吸湿性得到明显提高，具有良好的抗静电性和耐洗涤性。共混纤维分散兰染料上染率较纯涤纶提高两倍，同时具有酸性染料可染性     

TiO_2/ACF复合光催化去除水中有机污染物研究进展

论述了二氧化钛(TiO2)在活性碳纤维(ACF)上的负载方式,总结了TiO2/ACF复合光催化剂的表面形态特征和结构特点,介绍了TiO2/ACF复合光催化剂光催化氧化水中有机物吸附、富集、光催化、原位再生的过程.活性碳纤维可富集目标物、捕获中间产物,还可抑制中间有害产物的生成及热处理过程中TiO2的相变.讨论了目标物、负载方法、负载量等因素对有机物氧化速率的影响.TiO2、ACF的复合将对光催化剂的应用技术产生积极影响,指出了研究中应该解决的问题.     

复合电铸制备Cu/SiCp复合材料的工艺

采用复合电铸工艺制备碳化硅颗粒 (Si Cp)增强铜基复合材料 ,重点研究了添加剂、颗粒粒径、电流密度、施镀温度、搅拌强度等工艺参数对 Cu/ Si Cp 复合材料中 Si Cp 含量的影响 .结果表明 ,优化各工艺参数可有效促进 Si Cp 与铜离子的共沉积 ,提高复合材料中增强固体颗粒的含量 .在此基础上研究开发了一种可有效促进 Si C颗粒与铜共沉积的混合添加剂 ,可获得 Si Cp 含量较高的Cu/ Si Cp复合材料 .     

层板复合材料疲劳性能测试实验

根据层板复合材料的性能与具体的铺层形式有关的特点 ,介绍了在层板复合材料疲劳性能测试中试件准备注意事项、疲劳性能测试的内容和实验控制程序的要求 ,以及为缩短实验时间、优化层板复合材料疲劳剩余强度和疲劳剩余刚度分析模型的参数估计 ,并减少测试所需试件数量的合理试件数的确定方法 .