长白山区草坪杂草的调查研究

通过对长白山区草坪杂草种类与多度的调查、统计和分析，发现123种草坪杂草，隶属29科、86属．草坪杂草一年生66种，多年生杂草57种，其中禾本科杂草15种，占杂草总数的12．2％，菊科31种，占杂草总数的25．2％．提出了清除杂草的具体建议，为国内外研究长白山区草坪杂草提供了第一手原始资料．     

安徽大学磬苑校区春季常见草坪杂草调查初报

草坪是城乡绿化和景观生态系统集中的重要组成部分,为人们提供运动、休闲、娱乐和健身的场所,由于杂草危害给草坪建植带来严重损失,甚至使草坪毁灭而不得不重新更换。为进一步科学管理草坪提供实验依据,本文选用固定样地与随机结合的方法调查了安徽大学磬苑校区共9个样点的春季常见草坪杂草的种类以及分布特点,研究施用不同药物管理条件下的杂草发生状况,并结合实际情况提出防除建议。结果表明:安徽大学磬苑校区春季常见杂草有18科43种,其中菊科11种,占草坪杂草总数的25.58%,豆科5种,占草坪杂草总数的11.63%;杂草的生活习性、繁殖方式影响草坪杂草的发生状况和危害程度。施用二甲四氯和苯环隆这两类除草剂,结果表明二甲四氯除草剂防除刺儿菜效果相对有效,苯环隆除草剂则对防除小巢菜效果更佳。     

宁波市草坪杂草的研究

文章对高羊茅、狗牙根、马尼拉、马蹄金等几类草坪在不同养护水平和环境条件下所出现的杂草种类及分布情况进行了调查研究.结果发现，春季时草坪出现杂草105种，分属34科，其中有10种杂草普遍存在于各类草坪。草坪类型明显影响杂草分布，交播型草坪杂草最少（23种），暖季型草坪杂草最多（88种），养护水平高，建植年限短，杂草显著减少，冬春杂草在不同月份存在明显的消长变化。     

黄石市区草坪杂草的调查分析

通过对黄石市区草坪杂草的的调查，结果发现黄石市区的草坪杂草共有64种，隶属24科，其中菊科、禾本科杂草居多。对黄石市区不同地点草坪杂草种类及其重要值进行分析，提出了针对黄石市区草坪杂草的一些防除措施。     

呼和浩特地区草坪杂草生态特征的初步分析

初步分析了温带半干旱地区不同类型草坪的杂草种类组成及数量特征，结果指出共有杂草122种，隶属82属29科．在管理水平较高的草坪中，主要杂草为鼠掌老鹳草、鹅绒萎陵菜、赖草，且在不同季节里优势度相对稳定；在管理水平一般的草坪中，主要杂草是止血马唐、早开茧菜、西伯利亚蓼、艾等．7月到9月中旬以止血马唐为主，9月下旬以后以早开茧菜、西伯利亚蓼、艾等为主．     

信阳市草坪杂草调查分析

对河南省信阳市草坪杂草进行了比较详细的调查,结果表明:信阳市草坪杂草共132种,分属32个科,其优势种为以菊科和禾本科为主的18科33种杂草,并提出了一些防除草坪杂草的措施和建议.     

沈阳地区常见草坪杂草调查

经过2年时间对沈阳地区的草坪杂草进行的调查统计鉴定，确定了沈阳地区草坪杂草种类及发生规律．结果表明，常见杂草有24个科，48种，其中蒙古蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum)、苦菜(Lxeris denticulata)、Bian蓄(Polygonum aviculare)、刺儿菜(Cephalonoplos segetum)、车前(Plantago asiatlca)、荠菜(Capsella bursa-pastoris)、小蓬草(Erigoron canadensis)、附地菜(Trigontis peduncularis)、风花菜(Rorippa islandica)最为常见．春季(4—5月份)是草坪杂草高发季节，一年生、二年生、多年生杂草都有，杂草种类多，数量大，危害严重．立秋以后以二年生或多年生杂草为主．并对草坪杂草的综合防除进行了讨论．     

草坪杂草的防治

人们越来越多地铺设草坪来美化环境,净化空气,提高生活质量.然而草坪中的杂草将严重影响草坪的外观,采用正确的方法防治杂草是草坪管理中的一项重要技术措施,本人针对常见草坪的杂草防治做了一下总结,希望对园林工人有所帮助.     

沈阳地区常见草坪杂草调查

经过 2年时间对沈阳地区的草坪杂草进行的调查统计鉴定 ,确定了沈阳地区草坪杂草种类及发生规律 .结果表明 ,常见杂草有 2 4个科 ,4 8种 ,其中蒙古蒲公英 (Taraxacummon golicum)、苦菜 (Ixerisdenticulata)、蓄 (Polygonumaviculare)、刺儿菜 (Cephalonoplossegetum)、车前 (Plantagoasiatlca)、荠菜 (Capsellabursa pastoris)、小蓬草 (Erigoroncanadensis)、附地菜(Trigontispeduncularis)、风花菜 (Rorippaislandica)最为常见 .春季 (4～ 5月份 )是草坪杂草高发季节 ,一年生、二年生、多年生杂草都有 ,杂草种类多 ,数量大 ,危害严重 .立秋以后以二年生或多年生杂草为主 .并对草坪杂草的综合防除进行了讨论 .     

冷地型草坪杂草的化学防除模式试验

由于管理费用高,全国各地的草坪存在一种“重建设,轻管理”的现象,尤其是建植成功以后对杂草的防除不重视,结果导致很多草坪由于杂草的蔓延而退化。杂草防除的方法目前主要是物理防除和化学防除。物理防除也就是手拔和锄头锄,虽无副作用,但劳动量大,效率低。化学防除就是用除草剂杀灭杂草,虽然效率高,但杀草剂的种类和剂量把握不好,可能在杀死杂草的同时也杀死了草坪草,尤其针对禾本科杂草的除草剂。我们用了两年时间,以草地早熟禾草坪为研究对象,作了大量试验,对除草剂的选择、搭配和用量进行了研究。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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