Design and Implementation of a Chinese Pulse Condition Acquisition System

Nowadays, with improvements in the quality of life, people are paying more attention to their health.Traditional Chinese medicine offers great advantages for daily care. In this paper, we present the development of a remote health care system, namely, Chinese Pulse Condition Acquisition System(CPCAS), based on the principle of Chinese pulse diagnosis in Chinese medicine and a wireless sensor network. We designed a remote health care terminal with a mini-pulse collection bench to overcome the challenge of differences in pulse characters of different people. An effective measured pressure control algorithm is proposed to achieve a balance between control accuracy and control time. The special signal conditioning circuit showed good performance in analog pulse signal processing. We also performed significant research to address the challenges of symptom recognition. Other distinctive features of this system include the following: intelligent sensing, a wireless health care network, effective energy management, small size, lightweight, and the ability to be networked for remote management. In this paper,we have introduced the design and implementation of CPCAS. We also demonstrate the use of the system and give evaluations on this system by several experiments. Our results indicate that CPCAS has significant practical feasibility.     

A study of control strategies for a clarifier at an industry wastewater treatment plant

Control of clarifier in the activated sludge process is critical for ensuring effective wastewater treatment. This paper is to study appropriate control strategies for a clarifier in an industrial wastewater treatment plant. Five control strategies are proposed, implemented and evaluated in a simulation software （West ＋＋）. The sludge blanket height and the effluent suspended solids concentration were proposed as the measured variable. The manipulated variable was the quantity of polymer added to the system. The strategies were evaluated in terms of their ability to maintain the sludge blanket height below 1.5m, their polymer requirements, their sensitivity to poor tuning and the required control action.     

The Theoretical Summary and Mathematics Expression on the Regulation of Life in Meridian（Jingluo经络）Science

The meridian（Jingluo经络）is a core principle of traditional Chinese medicine．The meridian plays a central role in the regulation of human health and vitality．In the past５０years,the scientific evidence has been gathered via our physiological experiments to confirm the biological basis of the human meridian pathway phenomenon．Meridian Science has been established as a new branch of natural science to advance and promote the study of this important phenomenon for human life．In this paper,the authors describe the theoretical concept of the meridian and mathematics expression,its relationship to an efficient meridian circadian cycle,and its significance to human life．     

A combination of influence from Confucianism and Taoism upon Chinese culture and literature

Preface
The mixture of various cultures including those deep rooted in Chinese history and those imported in the ancient time has led to the profoundness, uniqueness and colorfulness of Chinese culture, among which the combination of two of them---Confucianism and Taoism has fundamental influence in the way Chinese think and behave. This may sometimes confuse the western world when it comes to the characteristics of the nation, as stated in the equation R4D1H3S3 （R=realism, D=dreams or idealism, H=humor, S=sensitivity） by Lin Yutang. The western world is surprised to see a nation with the greatest sense of realism among several peoples including Japanese, British, French, American and German）, yet the Chinese also demonstrate a great level of humor toward life, how can that be if a nation is characterized both for its realism and its light attitude toward reality. To reply to these questions, we will have to trace back to the wellsprings of Chinese wisdom in the combination of Confucianism（realism） and Taoism（idealism）.     

Editorial note for the special topic on ＂Nanopore Analysis＂

The concept of nanopore analysis, using the pore-forming protein a-hemolysin to detect individual nucleic acids at a single-molecule level, was first proposed in 1996. Over the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made in the nanopore field, and nanopore analysis has become a label-free and high-throughput method for probing bio- molecules and other analytes with single-molecule sensi- tivity, especially holds the promising for ＂third generation＂ DNA sequencing. However, challenges still remain in the experimental strategies and the design of whole nanopore-based instruments. Here, we proudly present a special topic dedicated to the topic of ＂Nanopore Analysis＂, with 8 reviews/articles providing up to date coverage of the experimental strategies, theoretical calcu- lations and simulations, and instrument design. Reviews and articles on the experimental strategies cover control of DNA partitioning into a nanopore, detection of target DNA, and the advantages of nanopore-based DNA sequencing. The theoretical calculations and simulations discuss the translocation behavior of DNA, and an inte- grated measurement system and data analysis software are presented for instrument design.     

The Origin of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Thinking on Chinese Medicine Development

Although the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has developed a profound theory system and a fame of outstanding advantage in curative effect, it seems that the TCM is not quite adaptable to the deveiopment and requirement of the modern society. A principle of ＂Adopting the advanced part of Western medicine to serve the TCM＂ should be adhered to for the traditional Chinese medicine. First, TCM should strive for a consensus of TCM theory which focuses on the guiding principles of ＂diagnosis and treatment based on an overall analysis of the illness and the patient＇ s condition＂and ＂the opposite principle of five internal organs＂. Among these principles, ＂keeping relative balance of three internal systems＂is a valuable guidance of the diagnosis and treatment theory. Secondly, macroscopic should be integrated with microscopic, totality with parts, phenomenology with materialism. A dialectical law should be applied to guide analysis. In treatment, adjustment and balance are basic principles. It is necessary not only prepare the medicine in advance accoding to the predicted disease of the year, but also adopt methods to restrict disease in advance. Basides, TCM dose type should be ameliorated in order to meet the needs of society.     

A New Thinking of the Objects Served Relationship Management in Complex System

Take a digital libraries＇ service system for example, Objects Served Relationship Management （OSRM） in complex systems is proposed firstly as a new concept, and its connotation is explained. The significances and constructions of OSRM are analyzed. Both the fundamental facts and the important natures that the things which are interested by Objects Served （OS） （e. g. publishers and readers） and the server （e. g. digital libraries are the servers of publishers and readers） will not be the same completely although there are a lot of common benefits between OS and servers, are indeed clarified. The valuable information,which should be used by OS and their server, is often hidden behind them. Thus, how to find, manage and control the relationship among OS and their servers is very necessary and important for the common benefits among all of them.（e. g. the three dimensions of OSRM in digital library system and its overall framwork are proposed. The different strategies to different cases in the digital library＇s multidimensional framework are analyzed.）     

Western Dietary Culture Effects on China

As the China-western cultural exchanges of in recent years strengthen day by day,the diet used to be simple in our daily life is becoming more and more abundant,and presents the trend of the pluralism.This paper studies on Chinese dietary cultural and foreign dietary cultural,letting readers have a clear understanding of the effects of western dietary culture on Chinese people's life and Chinese economy.How to lead people to establish a correct consumption view is an important problem,throwing away its dross,picking up quintessence,and using western culture to improve people's life and China's economic development.     

Layered Multi-mode Optimal Control Strategy for Multi-MW Wind Turbine

The control strategy is one of the most important renewable technology, and an increasing number of multi- MW wind turbines are being developed with a variable speed-variable pitch （ VS-VP ） technology. The main objective of adopting a VS-VP technology is to improve the fast response speed and capture maximum energy. But the power generated by wind turbine changes rapidly because of the continuous fluctuation of wind speed and direction. At the same time, wind energy conversion systems are of high order, time delays and strong nonlinear characteristics because of many uncertain factors. Based on analyzing the all dynamic processes of wind turbine, a kind of layered multi-mode optimal control strategy is presented which is that three control strategies： bang-bang, fuzzy and adaptive proportional integral derivative （PID） are adopted according to different stages and expected performance of wind turbine to capture optimum wind power, compensate the nonlinearity and improve the wind turbine performance at low, rated and high wind speed.     

Applications of nanotechnology in biomedicine

Nanomedicine is the application of nanotechnology in treat- merit, diagnosis, monitoring and control of biological sys- tems. and is at the leading-edge of clinical medicine and preclinical research. Increasing attention has been paid to the application of nanotechnology in medicine recently （Figure 1 ）.     

Decoding the Architectural Theory

Starting from the illustration of the definition and concept of the architectural theory, the author established his unique understanding about the framework of the architectural theory and the innovation of the architectural theory underlined by Chinese characteristics.     

Maintenance of cooperation in a public goods game: A new decision-making criterion with incomplete information

Hardin’s "The Tragedy of the Commons" prophesies the inescapable collapse of many human enterprises.The emergence and abundance of cooperation in animal and human societies is a challenging puzzle to evolutionary theory.In this work,we introduce a new decision-making criterion into a voluntary public goods game with incomplete information and choose successful strategies according to previous payoffs for a certain strategy as well as the risk-averse benefit.We find that the interest rate of the common pool and the magnitude of memory have crucial effects on the average welfare of the population.The appropriate sense of individuals’ innovation also substantially influences the equilibrium strategies distribution in the long run.     

Mycelial fermentation and medicinal properties of a valuable medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis Cs-HK1

Cordyceps sinensis （Cs） or Dongchongxiacao in Chinese is a rare and precious medicinal mushroom. In this work, a Tolypocladium sp. fungus named Cs-HK1 was isolated from a natural Cs fruiting body, and its ultraviolet （UV）, infrared （IR） and high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） spectra all exhibited high degrees of matching to those of natural Cs, indicating the similarity of chemical composition. A crude polysaccharide （PS） fraction isolated from Cs-HKI fungal mycelium showed significant antitumor activity, inhibiting melanoma tumor growth in mice. The PS-treated mice showed significantly higher serum interferon-y （IFN-y） level and higher proliferation rate of lymphocytes ex vivo than the control animals, suggestive of the immunomodulatory activity of the PS fraction. In cell cultures, the PS fraction caused a significant and dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of two cancer cell lines, B16/neu mouse melanoma and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells, but not on normal spleen lymphocytes in vitro. Most of these bioactivities of the Cs- HK1 fungus were comparable to or even greater than those of natural Cs. The results showed that Cs-HK1 fungus may be a functional substitute for the natural Cs in health food and herbal medicine.     

Chinese medicine, flowing blood, biomechanopharmacology and future preventive medicine

Activating Blood Circulation to Remove Blood Stasis(ABCRBS) has long been the most fundamental therapeutic principle since the age of Yellow Emperor(circa 2600 BC) in Chinese medicine.Based on bio-responses of blood shear stress,which was not considered in Chinese medicine,we have initiated the merging of biomechanics with pharmacology and Chinese medicine,establishing the new discipline-biomechanopharmacology.Practice of exercise is a simple and self-regulatory way to promote shear stress in the circulation.Interestingly,acupuncture and massage are also linked with shear stress regulation.These procedures are expected to maintain normal functions of endothelial cells(ECs) by regulating shear stress levels of flowing blood.The statement of "Diseases are prevented as blood flow is promoted" by the renowned ancient physician Huatuo,who presented the wise foresight of the efficacy of shear stress,would likely begin a new chapter in preventive pharmacology and medicine in the years to come.     

Comparison of love in Chinese culture and in western culture

In this passage, love in Chinese culture and in western culture is compared. It briefly introduces the difference love view in western culture and in Chinese culture on a specific matter. Then it discusses the origin of this phenomenon. At last it tries to conclude the characters of these two different love views.     

Influence of the Southern Hemispheric Circulation on East-west Oscillation of the Western Pacific Subtropical High

The western Pacific subtropical high （WPSH） is a large-scale circulation system in the subtropics during the boreal summer. Since 1950＇s, Chinese meteorologists have done a lot of studies about WPSH and recognized its influence on summer rainfall in China. For instance,the north-south movement of WPSH is related to the movement of the rain-belt in eastern China,     

Ontology-Based Semantic Multi-agent Framework for Micro-grids with Cyber Physical Concept

The distributed hierarchical control based on multi-agent system(MAS) is the main control method of micro-grids.By allowing more flexible interactions between computing components and their physical environments,cyber physical system(CPS) presents a new approach for the distributed hierarchical engineering system,with micro-grids included.The object of this paper is to integrate the CPS concept with MAS technology and propose a new control framework for micro-grids.With the analysis of the operating mode and control method of micro-grids,the cyber physical control concepts of ontologybased semantic agent are discussed.Then an MAS-based architecture of cyber physical micro-grid system and an intelligent electronic device(IED) function structure are proposed.Finally,in order to operate and test the cyber physical micro-grid concept,an integrated simulation model is presented.     

An Integrated Cyber-Physical Simulation Environment for Smart Grid Applications

The concept of Cyber-Physical Systems （CPSs）, which combine computation, networking, and physical processes, is considered to be beneficial to smart grid applications. This study presents an integrated simulation environment to provide a unified platform for the investigation of smart grid applications involving power grid monitoring, communication, and control. In contrast to the existing approaches, this environment allows the network simulator to operate independently, importing its results to the power system simulation. This resolves conflicts between discrete event simulation and continuous simulation. In addition, several data compensation methods are proposed and investigated under different network delay conditions. A case study of wide-area monitoring and control is provided, and the efficiency of the proposed simulation framework has been evaluated based on the experimental results.     

Novel Micro Free-Piston Swing Engine and Its Feasibility Validation

To develop high energy-density micro power generation systems, a novel two-stroke cycle micro free-piston swing engine (MFPSE), inspired by the concept of the micro internal combustion swing engine, is proposed to supply mechanical power for a micro power generation system. The working principle, gas exchange and ignition timing control cycles, and structure and operation advantages of the MFPSE are discussed in detail. A prototype where the timing control and geometric parameters are designed with reference to a traditional two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine is fabricated. The successful ignition experiment shows that this new concept engine is feasible and is worthy of further study.