Investigation and identification of breath acetone as a potential biomarker for type 2 diabetes diagnosis

Acetone is regarded as a promising biomarker for the noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes.We collected breath acetone from 25 type 2 diabetics(T2D)and 44 healthy subjects using aluminum foil bags(3 L),and the samples were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.T2D patients had significantly higher acetone levels(mean=2.167 ppmv(1 ppmv=1 lL/L),standard error(SE)=0.231)than healthy volunteers(mean=0.488 ppmv,SE=0.025;P\0.0001).The receiver operating characteristics curve showed that the optimum diagnostic cutoff value for exhaled acetone was 0.891 ppmv(area under the curve 0.999,sensitivity 100%,and specificity 97.7%)in T2D patients relative to healthy subjects.Thus,breath acetone could be a useful marker for the high accuracy diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes.In addition,the ratios of the mean acetone concentration in ambient air relative to that in the total exhaled air and in the net exhaled air were 1:18 and 1:17,respectively.The post-breakfast acetone concentrations(mean=0.437 ppmv,SE=0.035)were slightly lower than the pre-breakfast levels(mean=0.553 ppmv,SE=0.047;P[0.05).Thus,the increased acetone concentrations in T2D patients are affected strongly by physiological factors related to the disease,rather than the ambient air and diet.     

A high-Tc dc-SQUID-based single-channel MCG and its performance

A single-channel high-Tc dc-SQUID magnetometer and gradiometer have been developed to record the magnetic field component perpendicular to the human chest generated by heart-beat. Magnetocardiogram (MCG) measurements have been carried out inside a magnetically shielded room. By sequentially adjusting a non-magnetic patient table with 5 cm pitch in X and Y directions, the field signals on a rectangle grid 5 × 5 over the chest area were registered in real time trace point by point with a typical dwell time over 30 cardiocycles each. Utilizing standard electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings as timing reference measured simultaneously with the MCG signals, the MCG data were then averaged and combined to form magnetic field patterns every 10 ms or so. Both the current dipole, which is parallel to MCG measuring plane and produces the vertical magnetic field, and its depth were determined as a function of time in a standard way. We have compared the MCG of healthy hearts with that of a heart with right bundle branch block. Significant differences between their MCGs have been observed.     

Single-trial decoding of imagined grip force parameters involving the right or left hand based on movement-related cortical potentials

Time–domain feature representation for imagined grip force movement-related cortical potentials(MRCP)of the right or left hand and the decoding of imagined grip force parameters based on electroencephalogram(EEG)activity recorded during a single trial were here investigated.EEG signals were acquired from eleven healthy subjects during four different imagined tasks performed with the right or left hand.Subjects were instructed to execute imagined grip movement at two different levels of force.Each task was executed 60 times in random order.The imagined grip force MRCP of the right or left hand was analyzed by superposition and averaging technology,a single-trial extraction method,analysis of variance(ANOVA),and multiple comparisons.Significantly different features were observed among different imagined grip force tasks.These differences were used to decode imagined grip force parameters using Fisher linear discrimination analysis based on kernel function(k-FLDA)and support vector machine(SVM).Under the proposed experimental paradigm,the study showed that MRCP may characterize the dynamic processing that takes place in the brain during the planning,execution,and precision of a given imagined grip force task.This means that features related to MRCP can be used to decode imagined grip force parameters based on EEG.ANOVA and multiple comparisons of time–domain features for MRCP showed that movement-monitoring potentials(MMP)and specific interval(0–150 ms)average potentials to be significantly different among 4 different imagined grip force tasks.The minimum peak negativity differed significantly between high and low amplitude grip force.Identification of the 4different imagined grip force tasks based on MMP was performed using k-FLDA and SVM,and the average misclassification rates of 27%±5%and 24%±4%across 11 subjects were achieved respectively.The minimum misclassification rate was 15%,and the average minimum misclassification rate across 11 subjects was24%±4.5%.This investigation indicates that imagined grip force MRCP may encode imagined grip force parameters.Single-trial decoding of imagined grip force parameters based on MRCP may be feasible.The study may provide some additional and fine control instructions for brain–computer interfaces.     

基于分形维数的心磁数据分析研究

利用高温超导量子干涉仪(SQUID),测量人体胸前36个测量点的磁场强度数据。通过线性插值和高阶拟合的方法,绘制出人体心脏各个时刻的等磁图。利用MATLAB软件,采用盒维数的计算方法,计算出健康者和心脏病患者等磁图的分形维数。结果表明,健康者与心脏病患者等磁图的分形维数存在明显差异,为心脏病的诊断提供了一种新的思路和方法。     

基于多视角深度信念网络的肺结节识别方法

针对传统肺癌计算机辅助诊断系统中肺结节检出过程烦琐,且存在假阳性高的问题,提出一种基于多视角深度信念网络的肺结节识别方法。该方法首先将肺结节进行三维重建并将重建后不同大小的肺结节归一到不同尺度的立方体中,然后将不同视角的2.5D切片作为深度信念网络的输入数据,最后通过不同的融合策略完成对肺结节的识别。在肺部图像数据库联盟(LIDC)数据集上大量实验表明:相比于传统肺癌识别系统本文方法敏感性为(92.8±0.25)%,平均每组病例假阳性个数为2.4±0.3,该方法能有效降低肺结节自动检测过程中的假阳性率。     

A ballistocardiogram measurement system for home monitoring: design,performance, and evaluation

We present a ballistocardiogram （BCG） measurement system for obtaining the BCG signal. The performance of the BCG measurement system was tested, including the dynamic response frequency of the platform （32 Hz with a 75 kg load）, and the signal to noise ratio of the system （minimum 23 dB）. Factors that could influence BCG recording during measurement were investigated by collecting data from 48 healthy subjects （28 males and 20 females）. The basic features of the BCG signal, such as the amplitude and time interval, were extracted, and differences by gender were analyzed. A correlation between the IJ amplitude （amplitude difference between I-and J-peak） and the respiration phase was found （R2 = 0.49）. The BCG signals for both sitting （SiBCG） and standing （StBCG） postures were obtained using this system. These showed that the StBCG amplitudes were larger than those of SiB- CG but there was no significant difference in the time intervals. The robustness of our system was verified, and its potential for noninvasive cardiac activity monitoring was demonstrated.     

吉首产白蕾磨Clitocybe candida氨基酸分析

本文报道了用邻苯二甲醛（OPA）-β-巯基乙醇衍生化、反相梯度洗脱、荧光检测分析法对吉首产白蕾蘑（ClitocybeCandidaBres）子实体的十六种氨基酸含量检测结果，其氨基酸总量为24mg／100mg（干品），必需氨基酸组分齐全，含量为8.67mg／100mg，占氨基酸总量的36．1％。该检测法分离效果好，平均回收率达95％，氨基酸保留时间的变异系数平均为1．0±0．4％，其含量变异系数平均为2．8±0．7％，在10pmol－2nmol范围内，线性关系系数平均为0．987±0．008.     

Zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopic study of Neoproterozoic granitic gneisses from the Alatage area,Xinjiang:constraints on the Precambrian crustal evolution in the Central Tianshan Block

The architecture and growth history of Precambrian crustal basements in the Central Tianshan Block play a key role in understanding the tectonic evolution of the Chinese Tianshan Orogenic Belt.In this study,we present precise LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating and LAMC-ICPMS zircon Hf isotopic data for two granitic gneisses from Alatage area in the Central Tianshan Block.The magmatic zircons from both samples yield similar protolith ages of 945±6 and 942±6 Ma,indicating that the early Neoproterozoic magmatism is prevailed in the Alatage area.These zircons have crustal Hf model ages of1.82–2.22 and 1.70–2.03 Ga,respectively,which are significantly older than their crystallization ages.It indicates that their parental magmas were derived from the reworking of ancient crust.However,we suggest that these Paleoproterozoic Hf model ages might result from mixing of continental materials with different ages in the Neoproterozoic crust.The inherited(detrital)zircon cores not only yield a wide age range of ca.989–1617 Ma,but also exhibit large Hf-isotope variations with Hf model ages of1.54–2.30 Ga.In particular,some 1.4–1.6 Ga zircons show high initial176Hf/177Hf ratios,consistent with those of depleted mantle,which indicates that the Mesoproterozoic event involved both reworking of older crust and generation of juvenile crust.The Central Tianshan Block has different Precambrian crustal growth history from the Tarim Craton.Therefore,it would not be a fragment of the Precambrian basement of the Tarim Craton.     

Lyapunov exponents for synchronous 12-lead ECG signals

The Lyapunov exponents of synchronous 12-lead ECG signals have been investigated for the first time using a multi-sensor (electrode) technique. The results show that the Lyapunov exponents computed from different locations on the body surface are not the same, but have a distribution characteristic for the ECG signals recorded from coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with sinus rhythms and for signals from healthy older people. The maximum Lyapunov exponent L1 of all signals is positive. While all the others are negative, so the ECG signal has chaotic characteristics. With the same leads, L1 of CAD patients is less than that of healthy people, so the CAD patients and healthy people can be classified by L1, L1 therefore has potential values in the diagnosis of heart disease.     

A novel superconducting quantum interference device for biomagnetic measurements

Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) can provide an ultrahigh magnetic sensitivity for the biomagnetic measurements. In this paper, a SQUID bootstrap circuit (SBC) gradiometer was designed and fabricated. Using the SBC gradiometer, magnetocardiography (MCG), fetal MCG and magnetoencephalography (MEG) signals were detected in a magnetically shielded room.     

油基钻井液侵入对核磁共振测井响应影响的实验研究

油基钻井液可有效降低施工成本，缩短钻井周期，在大斜度定向井、水平井及各种复杂地层钻探施工中应用广泛。然而，油基钻井液侵入会改变井周地层的岩石物理性质，给储层流体识别、测井精细评价带来极大挑战。为了明确油基钻井液侵入对核磁共振测井响应的影响，本文选取新疆准噶尔盆地南缘超深井致密砂砾岩储层岩心，围绕岩石物性、钻井液成分、油水比、流体性质、钻井液侵入时间、温度等六个方面分别开展油基钻井液成分、油基钻井液驱替和油基钻井液渗吸三组岩石物理实验，并分析实验过程中核磁共振T2谱变化特征。结果表明，油基钻井液中的基液组分既能在正向压差作用下侵入井周地层，也可通过浮力和毛管力的作用渗吸进入地层。当地层含水/油时，油基钻井液基液侵入会引起微小孔隙T2谱（＜10ms）横向驰豫时间和谱峰值减小，谱峰逐渐左移；而中孔隙T2谱峰（＞100ms）右移且面积增大；上述T2谱变化速率主要受到地层渗透率、侵入时间和温度影响，钻井液类型、油水比等因素影响有限。     

荧光增白剂溶液浓度核磁共振法检测方法研究

利用核磁共振技术测量了不同浓度荧光增白剂溶液的核磁共振T2谱,建立了T2谱中第一峰的峰点时间、峰高、峰面积等参量与荧光增白剂VBL溶液浓度的关系。研究结果表明:荧光增白剂溶液的浓度与第一峰的峰高、峰面积之间不存在单值对应关系,而与第一峰的峰点时间之间呈现线性关系,即核磁共振T2谱的第一峰点时间可作为核磁共振法检测荧光增白剂溶液浓度的敏感参量,并给出了利用核磁共振法测量荧光增白剂溶液浓度的一种新方法。     

掌侧锁定钢板结合背侧经皮克氏针翘拨治疗桡骨远端前后壁骨折的疗效评估

摘要 为探讨掌侧锁定钢板结合背侧经皮克氏针翘拨治疗桡骨远端前后壁骨折的临床疗效,通过回顾性研究方法,纳入从2014年1月至2018年1月收入治疗的桡骨远端前后壁均骨折的患者。最终共收入43例患者。其中男性16例,女性27例。平均年龄为64.39±4.85岁（范围51岁至74岁）。其中32例患者为自行摔伤,11例患者为交通事故伤。记录患者手术时长,术中出血量,术后4周,12周,24周视觉模拟评分,以及患者并发症,测量患者术后24周X线尺偏角,掌倾角,双手握力,腕关节主动活动范围及上肢功能评定标准(disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand,DASH)评分、Gartland-Werley腕关节评分。结果表明手术时长平均为82.63±9.2 min,术中出血量平均为30.47±15.42 ml。术后4周VAS评分为3.98±0.8分,术后12周VAS评分为3.07±0.88分,术后24周VAS评分为1.93±1.24分,X线尺偏角为17.23±3.54度,X线掌倾角为11.83±1.35度,DASH评分为7.6±2.32分,Gartland-Werley腕关节评分为5.22±1.73分。握力为健侧38.56±5.96 kg,患侧34.23±6.27度,掌屈患侧70.34±7.49度,健侧79.59±6.16度,背伸患侧65.50±7.78度,健侧66.36±8.02度,桡偏患侧16.84±3.92度,健侧20.60±4.28度,尺偏患侧22.22±6.60度,健侧23.47±6.64度,旋前患侧70.75±7.97度,健侧74.75±8.97度,旋后患侧63.35±9.39度,健侧64.57±8.54。没有患者出现伤口感染、骨折复位丢失,以及内固定物断裂等并发症。可见掌侧锁定钢板结合背侧经皮克氏针翘拨治疗桡骨远端前后壁骨折的疗效满意,值得临床推广。     

Rutile U-Pb age for the ultrahigh pressure eclogite from the Dabie Mountains,central China: Evidence for rapid cooling

The U-Pb isotope compositions of rutile, omphacite and garnet in the eclogite from the Jinheqiao area in the Southern Dabie ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic zone were analyzed. The consistent high precision U-Pb age (218 ± 1.2) Ma of rutile in eclogite from the Dabie Mountains was obtained by two ways of isochron and common Pb correction based on the composition of omphacite. This proves that the omphacite in eclogite has a U/Pb ratio (m = 2.8) low enough to be used for common Pb correction in the analyses of rutile. Under the rapid cooling condition (40℃/Ma) the closure temperature for U-Pb diffusion in rutile is about 470℃. Thus, this U-Pb age of rutile proves that 218 Ma should be the cooling age of eclogite at 470℃ instead of the peak metamorphic age.     

Confirmation of ultrahigh-temperature metapelitic granulite in the Altay orogen and its geological significance

Through petrography, mineral compositions and P-T estimate results, an ultrahigh-temperature(UHT) metapelitic granulite has recently been identified from near Kalasu in the east of Altay city, with an assemblage gt-opx-silcd-sp-bt-pl-qtz. The orthopyroxene has a high-Al feature, and its Al2O3 content is as high as 8.7 wt%, indicating a UHT metamorphic condition. Its peak metamorphic condition is estimated as: P = *0.80 GPa, T = *960 °C. Metamorphic textural relations and P-T estimate results show a post-peak near-isobaric cooling anticlockwise P-T path. Zircon U-Pb age results(271 ± 5 Ma) support that the UHT metamorphic event in the region occurred in the Permian. The identification of the UHT metapelitic granulite from near Kalasu confirms the existence of the Permian UHT metamorphism in the Altay orogen, implying that the Permian extensional tectonic setting of a high-heat flow in the southern part of the Altay orogen may be closely associated with the Permian Tarim mantle plume activity.     

Age of Bangong Lake SSZ ophiolite constraints the time of the Bangong Lake－Nujiang Neo-Tethys

The Bangong Lake ophiolite is located in the westernmost part of the Bangong Lake-Nujiang River suture zone. It is a tectonic mélange consisting of numerous individual blocks of peridotite, pillowed and massive lavas and mafic dykes with SSZ-type ophiolitic geochemical affinity formed at the end of a Wilson circle. The SHRIMP U-Pb ages of the co-magmatic zircon domains from one gabbroic dyke (Sample 01Y-155) range from 162.5±8.6 Ma to 177.1±1.4 Ma with an average of 167.0±1.4 Ma (n = 12, MSWD = 1.2), suggesting that the subduction of the Bangong Lake Neo-Tethyan Ocean started before the Middle Jurassic. It is inferred that the tectonic transform from spreading to subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean began before the Middle Jurassic in the Bangong Lake area.     

重载车辆质心安全区域与极限载荷研究

高速化和重载化的公路交通发展方向,对重载车辆的行驶平顺性、操纵稳定性与安全性提出了更高的要求。车辆的加载重心的位置是重型载重车辆行驶的关键因素,针对某型载重车辆,分析求解了某车型的等效支撑位置、重心的完全计算方法研究了质心安全区域,然后介绍了极限载荷分析的计算方法与加载质心安全区域的软件实现。通过某型载重车辆的设计来分析其质心安全区域与极限载荷,对加载重心的安全区域提供了一种新的方法与思路,旨在为后续车辆运动学的相关研究打下基础。     

Characterization of the structural details of residual austenite in the weld metal of a 9Cr1MoNbV welded rotor

The existence of residual austenite in weld metal plays an important role in determining the properties and dimensional accuracy of welded rotors. An effective corrosive agent and the metallographic etching process were developed to clearly reveal the characteristics of residual austenite in the weld metal of a 9Cr1MoNbV welded rotor. Moreover, the details of the distribution, shape, length, length-to-width ratio, and the content of residual austenite were systematically characterized using the Image-Pro Plus image analysis software. The results revealed that the area fraction of residual austenite was approximately 6.3% in the observed weld seam; the average area, length, and length-to-width ratio of dispersed residual austenite were quantitatively evaluated to be (5.5 ± 0.1) μm2, (5.0 ± 0.1) μm, and (2.2 ± 0.1), respectively. The newly developed corrosive agent and etching method offer an appropriate approach to characterize residual austenite in the weld metal of welded rotors in detail.     

长期CO2加富对红掌某些光合参数和生物量的影响

以开顶式塑料薄膜温室为设施,研究了红掌叶片某些光合参数与生物量对长期CO2加富的响应.结果表明,处理150 d时,处理组T1(CO2(31.21±4.46)μmol/L,)T2(CO2(44.59±4.46)μmol/L)总生物量的鲜质量(FW)与干质量(DW)均比CK(CO2(16.05±1.34)μmol/L)提高35%以上;高浓度CO2条件下的根冠比与对照相比无论是鲜质量或干质量均降低,就鲜质量而言T1和T2分别比对照降低7.87%和19.32%;整个试验过程中,处理组气孔导度明显下降,但其净光合速率、羧化效率、表观量子效率均高于对照,处理90 d时T1和T2的净光合速率分别比对照增加56.37%和45.33%,随着处理时间的延长这种促进作用逐渐降低.     

椭圆形电流的磁场分布

通过保角变换得出椭圆形电流的磁场在变换空间分布的柱坐标表示。对椭圆形电流的磁场在空间中极端位置的直角坐标表示进行了求解，求解的结果表明在椭圆退化为圆（即α＝ｂ）的情况下，能与传统方法得到的圆形电流的磁场在轴线上和圆心上的值自治，且得到了在圆外区域无穷远处的磁场极限值。