激光线结构光数控测量系统的标定

介绍了激光线结构光数控测量系统地标定方法,该方法利用数控机床本身的坐标精度,利用三角测量原理直接在数控机床上标定出光片角,同时采用最小二乘法拟合出摄像机结构参数,通过激光中心检索表的方法,修正由于参数标定所带来的误差,并采用神经网络拟合修正系数曲线,提高插值精度。     

基于线性CCD阵列的弹头轮廓误差测量

提出了一种运用CCD成像测量技术进行大型机械零件轮廓测量的图像测量方法，该方法利用CCD成像技术获得零件轮廓的图像，并使用Marr边缘检测算子精确确定零件轮廓的边缘位置，利用十一点曲率法得到轮廓的角点和切点的大致位置，并对轮廓分段识别。最后采用直线和任意曲线轮廓拟合的数学模型及误差评定方法，判断所测零件的轮廓度是否满足公差要求。该方法代替了传统的模板手工测量，测量效率高，实验表明，此方法达到了理想的测量结果。     

提高激光干涉测量系统精度的方法与途径

激光干涉系统的测量精度会受到系统本身机械结构及光学元件布局的影响，因此采用了耦合差动干涉的方法，使影响测量精度的各种因素尽量由干涉系统自身予以消除，提高了干涉仪的分辨率和稳定性．利用以Heydemann修正模型为基础的误差补偿方法，对干涉信号中存在的非正交误差、不等幅误差及直流电平漂移误差进行了修正．根据多点拟合的原理，提出了减小运算量的新算法．设计了以C8051F005单片机为核心的电路补偿模块，实现了以上3种误差的实时补偿．实验结果表明：通过采取以上措施，该干涉测量系统在10mm的测量范围内取得了10～12nm的测量精度．     

薄孔壁厚和小孔径测量系统

由于相邻孔壁厚度的测量根据进刀量进行计算时精度很低，故提出了一种应用电容传感器对2个微小孔间相邻孔壁进行精密测量的系统．基于非接触式电容测孔传感器，研究了测头的电场边缘效应影响及保护环的宽度选择，设计了电容瞄准测孔传感器的测头对相邻小孔中心定位，利用电容差动测厚传感器测量孔壁，系统由1个瞄准测孔传感器和2个差动测厚传感器及三通道测量电路组成，处理数据后直接显示孔径和孔间壁厚．系统属非接触测量，无需修正测头及工件变形误差，实验证明，测量精度为0．5μm，     

激光线结构光数控测量系统的标定

介绍了激光线结构光数控测量系统的标定方法 ,该方法利用数控机床本身的坐标精度 ,利用三角测量原理直接在数控机床上标定出光片角 ,同时采用最小二乘法拟合出摄像机结构参数 ,通过建立激光中心检索表的方法 ,修正由于参数标定所带来的误差 ,并采用神经网络拟合修正系数曲线 ,提高插值精度 .     

南京大学65 cm天文望远镜指向精度的修正研究

天望远镜的准确指向是正常观测的重要保障，也是望远镜系统本身的一项重要测试指标，南京大学天系65cm望远镜的成像OCD的视场较小，实际观测时，指向精度不高，待测天体的像往往不在视场内，为了修正南京大学天系65cm望远镜的指向精度，2004年7月-8月，对该望远镜的指向精度进行了测量并通过指向误差函数进行了指向精度的修正，首先建立指向误差修正模型，通过对不同天区恒星的观测可得到该望远镜在相应方位的观测指向误差值，将观测值和理论模型拟合，从而得到指向误差修正函数．建立南京大学65cm望远镜的指向误差修正模型，然后对其观测的指向误差值进行拟合，最后用拟合函数对观测进行指向修正，结果表明，通过指向误差函数对指向误差进行修正，提高了该望远镜系统的指向精度，目前，不仅可以使观测的星象能在CCD视场内，而且改正后的指向精度略优于1′，在修正前望远镜系统的指向精度RMS(均方差值)是117″，修正后望远镜系统的指向精度RMS(均方差值)提高到38″。     

圆度误差最小区域法数学模型的建立及其测量方法

最小区域法为推荐使用的误差评定方法,该方法不仅可以获得最小的误差评定结果,而且具有唯一性,对零件的性质有稳定的约束.通过该方法研究了圆度误差最小区域数学模型的建立,并提出了圆度误差的常用测量方法,为获得被测件的圆度误差提供了论理依据.     

用于公差带测量的非接触式光学传感器

本文介绍了一种用于批量零件进行公差带测量的传感器。由一个双光束投射系统将具有互补色的光带投射到被测零件表面,通过显微系统接收后,由机场中光带的颜色即可判定该被测零件是否合格,并可判定被测件尺寸的超差方向,由于该传感器采用的是光学非接触测量法,所以适用于橡胶、塑料以及软金属的测量。     

softmax变区段非线性双拟合方法及其FPGA实现

针对采用分段非线性拟合逼近法拟合人工神经网络中的softmax时,会出现一些区间误差较大的问题,本文提出了一种基于初次拟合误差的变区段非线性双拟合方法.该拟合方法的基本步骤是:首先,结合softmax的指数函数特性,通过均匀分段和随机分段的非线性拟合找出误差较大的区间;其次,根据区间误差的大小,选择合适的变区段进行第2...     

基于最小二乘法的自动分段多项式曲线拟合方法研究

针对传统的分段曲线拟合方法在选择拟合函数和确定分段区间时经验成分较多的不足,提出一种自动分段多项式曲线拟合方法,根据误差方差和误差均值,自动确定经验函数和分段区间。通过实际数据的检验,验证了该方法的拟合效果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that