一种新型羟基自由基产生分子机理的研究

羟基自由基(·OH)被公认是生物系统中最具活性的活性氧物种,能导致生物体内DNA,蛋白质和脂质氧化损伤.目前,关于·OH的产生机理,最被广泛接受的是过渡金属离子催化的Fenton反应.五氯酚(PCP)是一种重要的工农业生物杀灭剂,主要用作木材保护.采用水杨酸羟基化法和电子自旋共振自旋捕获等作为分析手段,发现H2O2和五氯酚的代谢产物之一四氯-1,4-苯醌(TCBQ)能通过不依赖于金属离子的途径产生·OH;进一步的研究发现,TCBQ而非其相应的半醌自由基对·OH的产生极其重要.TCBQ和H2O2反应的主要产物被鉴定为三氯羟基-1,4-苯醌(TrCBQ-OH),其中的氧原子被证明来源于H2O2.基于这些数据和分析,提出以下假设:TCBQ和H2O2反应产生·OH不是通过依赖于半醌自由基的有机Fenton反应进行,而是H2O2对TCBQ进行亲核攻击,形成不稳定的三氯氢过氧基-1,4-苯醌(TrCBQ-OOH)中间产物,其可均裂产生·OH和三氯羟基-1,4-苯醌自由基(TrCBQ-O·).上述反应途径展示了一类新型的·OH产生机理,即·OH的形成不需要具有氧化还原活性的过渡金属离子参与.该机理可部分解释五氯酚等其他多卤...     

Dynamic regulation of hematopoietic stem cells via ERK signaling

<正>Prof.Liu Feng's laboratory at the Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,published their research findings in an article"Inhibition of endothelial ERK signalling by Smadl/5 is essential for haematopoietic stem cell emergence"in Nature Communications(2014,5:3431).The earliest hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)are derived from hemogenic endothelium(HE)via en-     

Entanglement of three quantum memories via interference of three single photons

<正>With support by the National Key RD Program of China,Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies,National Natural Science Foundation of China,and Chinese Academy of Sciences,the research team led by Prof.Pan JianWei and Prof.Bao XiaoHui(包小辉)at the University of Science and Technology of China reports the generation and verification of entanglement of three remote quantum     

Insulin modulates hepatic circadian clock via posttranslational regulation of Bmal1

<正>With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Ministry of Science and Technology of China,and Chinese Academy of Sciences,the research team led by Prof.Liu Yi(刘浥)at the Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism,Institute for Nutritional Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,revealed the molecular mechanism about how feeding behavior controls the peripheral circadian clock to     

Ion sieving in graphene oxide membranes via cationic control of interlayer spacing

正With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a collaborative study by the research groups led by Prof.Fang Haiping(方海平)from Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Prof.Wu Minghong(吴明红)from Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute,Shanghai     

Efficient and collective total synthesis of natural products via radical cascade reactions

正Subject Code:B02With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Qin Yong(秦勇)at Sichuan University accomplished a collective synthesis of 33 monoterpenoid indole alkaloids that belong to four families,by developing new photoredox-initiated radical cascade reactions.     

泛函数法研究两等同球型双电层间的相互作用

由泛函数法得到的球状双电层电位迭代解, 结合线性叠加法(LSA), 得到两等同球型双电层间的相互作用力及相互作用能. 并将所得表达式与数值法和Debye-Hückel近似结果进行了比较. 结果表明, Debye-Hückel(DH)近似方法仅在极低的表面电位下与数值法一致, 而泛函数法对高、中、低电位均有一定程度的适应能力, 即使在ψ= 0.2056 V的高表面电位下也能与数值法较好地吻合.     

Gene knockout models of rats and mice have been successfully generated via CRISPR-Cas system

It is the first report to demonstrate that CRISPR-Cas system is a powerful genetic tool for gene editing in rat genome. The report has been published in Nature Biotechnology （2013, 31（8）：681 3）. This study is contributed by the Collaborative Innovation Center which in- cludes the research teams led by Drs.     

固相反应合成掺铜磷酸锌锂

以ZnSO₄·7H₂O, (NH₄)₃PO₄·₃H₂O为原料, 硫酸铜为掺杂剂, 以PEG-400为表面活性剂, 经低热固相反应合成得到掺铜磷酸锌铵. 接着以PEG-400为表面活性剂, 用掺铜磷酸锌铵与Li₂CO₃经室温固相反应得到前驱体, 然后在700℃下煅烧前驱体, 得到锂电池电极材料掺铜磷酸锌锂纳米晶. 用产物XRD图谱数据计算得到的信噪比作为实验的考察指标, 实验中应用了均匀设计实验法及数据挖掘技术, 在数据挖掘成果的指导下进行了实验. 结果表明, 产物的信噪比随着掺杂铜离子的增加而直线增加. 用最优工艺条件合成的产物为50 nm的掺铜LiZnPO₄, 信噪比为30.41, 与数据挖掘得到的最佳结果相吻合, 表明应用固相合成法制备掺铜磷酸锌锂及把信噪比作为一种指标去控制合成结果是可行的.     

RDD基序对口蹄疫Asia1型毒株感染力的影响

不同型口蹄疫病毒1D蛋白的βG和βH链之间都含有一个高度保守的RGD基序,其结合细胞受体,起始病毒感染.但本文通过对Asia1型FMDV的1D序列分析证实,田间毒株含有RGD和RDD基序(RGD中的G突变为D)的两种类型毒株.通过反向遗传技术制备了分别含有RGD和RDD基序的两种病毒,测定其生物学特性,并通过细胞感染力和乳鼠致病力比较这两种病毒感染力的差别.结果表明,含有RGD和RDD的毒株都具有感染性,含有RDD毒株的细胞感染力和乳鼠致病力比含RGD的高10倍左右,为进一步阐明RDD基序Asia1毒株的感染机制的分子基础奠定必要的基础.     

Engineering the electronic structure of single atom Ru sites via compressive strain boosts acidic water oxidation electrocatalysis

正With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Key RD Program of China,the research team led by Prof.Wu YuEn(吴宇恩)at the University of Science and Technology     

Liver-resident NK cells control antiviral activity of hepatic T cells via the PD-1-PD-L1 axis

<正>With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research group directed by Prof.Tian ZhiGang(田志刚)and Peng Hui(彭慧)at Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at     

水合锰(Ⅱ)结构的量子化学和ABEEM/MM研究

应用新一代可极化分子力场——原子-键电负性均衡浮动电荷分子力场ABEEM/MM,结合精密量子化学方法, 构建了精确的Mn²⁺-H₂O 相互作用的势能函数, 确定了相关参数.将该势能函数用于计算[Mn(H₂O)_n]²⁺(n=1~12)的结构和结合能, 得到了与量子化学一致的结果. 进一步对Mn²⁺水溶液进行ABEEM/MM 动力学模拟, 得到的Mn²⁺–O 径向分布函数的第一和第二最高峰分别处于0.218 和0.435 nm 处, 积分得到第一和第二水合层的配位水分子数分别为7.03 和17.74; 对于O–Mn²⁺–O 角度分布函数, 其第一和第二最高峰分别位于80°和140°附近, 这些结果与实验和其他理论方法的结果有很好的一致性. Mn²⁺的极化作用使得第一水合层中水分子的键长明显增长, 键角明显减小; 而Mn²⁺对第二水合层及外层水分子的结构影响较小. 分析体系的电荷分布表明, 与ABEEM-7P 纯水相比, Mn²⁺水溶液中参与形成氢键的氢原子和孤对电子的电荷变化较大, 且Mn²⁺和其邻近的水分子间存在明显的电荷转移.     

原位生长法制备PET/TiO2纳米杂化纤维及其光催化活性研究

通过水热合成法与电纺丝技术结合制备聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/二氧化钛(TiO₂)纳米杂化纤维, 经过温和条件下水热处理, 在纳米杂化纤维中原位生长纳米TiO₂粒子. TiO₂表面的羟基和PET分子链上的酯羰基通过氢键相互作用, 起到固定纳米TiO₂ 粒子的作用, 避免了光催化过程中TiO₂粒子的脱落, 纳米纤维的多孔结构和高的表面积能够有效吸附有机物质, 使得PET/TiO₂纳米杂化纤维具有良好的光催化活性. 同时, 在循环使用中保持很高的光催化活性, 对于实际应用具有重要的意义.     

Designer self-assemble peptides maximize the therapeutic benefits of neural stem cell transplantation for Alzheimer's Disease via enhancing neuron differentiation and paracrine action

<正>With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Dr.Cui Guohong's laboratory at the Department of Neurology,Shanghai No.9People's Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University,reported a designer self-assemble peptide to maximize the therapeutic benefits of neural stem cell transplantation for Alzheimer's Disease(AD),which was published in Mol Neurobiol(Jan 14,2015