Cauchy微分方程的一种新的数值解法

众所周知，求解微分方程（组）常用的数值方法有有限差分法，有限元素法等，这些方法都是将微分方程（组）分离散化后求解．若将网格划分得粗了，则求解精度不高，不能满足工程实际需要，若将网格划分得细了，则所需计算机内存量和计算量都太大．为解决上述问题，本文给出微分方程（组）的解的概率表达式的一种新的数值解法──概率数值解法．     

PHOENICS求解非稳态导热对流及辐射换热耦合问题

分析了采用大型通用计算程序ＰＨＯＥＮＩＣＳ（１．４版本）求解有内热源的非稳态导热与对流换热及辐射换热的耦合问题，发现由于该程序所求解的能量方程实际上是比焓方程，若求解域中不同物质（固体、流体）的质量热容相差很大时，采用整体求解法将得出错误的结果，并使结果发散。为了解决这个问题，发展了原有虚拟密度法，新方法可以同时求解非稳态的能量方程、动量方程及连续性方程，从而使利用ＰＨＯＥＮＩＣＳ（１．４版本）求解非稳态耦合换热问题变得简单可靠。     

纤维增强复合材料层合板弯曲挠度的优化设计

本文采用变尺度法（ＤＦＰ）求解承受横向载荷的纤维增强层合板弯曲挠度的优化设计．这是无约束的优化问题，一维搜索使用０．６１８法，用ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ语言编制了计算程序。     

分布源模型下源区电场的奇异性探析

本文通过对源区电场求解过程的分析，指出了产生源区电场求解的奇异性是由于不适当的微、积分算子交换次序所形成的．ＰＶ法并不能解决数值计算的奇异性困难．进而，提出了对电流分布Ｊ（ｒ）无任何限制且无奇异的新的电场积分公式     

基于松耦合法的求解气动弹性问题的数值模拟方法

通过修改流体-结构界面处流体域的边界条件并引入松耦合方法，改进了一种求解气动弹性问题的数值计算方法．该数值计算方法的网格生成、流场求解、结构求解和数据交换四个过程相互独立，因而有可能利用现有的发展比较成熟的商用网格生成器、CFD（computational fluid dyllamics）求解器和CSD（computational structural dymrmcs）求解器分别完成这些功能．通过对折减阻尼比为0．0208的圆柱涡激振动问题在雷诺数为100条件下的计算结果进行分析，表明该方法是可行的．     

外贴FRP加固钢筋混凝土梁用量显式设计方法

对外贴FRP（纤维增强复合材料）加固钢筋混凝土梁抗弯极限承载力的求解问题，ACI440F规范及我国CECS146：2003规程都给出了相应的求解公式，但均为验算形式．这在面向设计，即计算给定目标承载力下的FRP用量时，并不方便．针对矩形截面形式，通过引入原构件配筋特征参数和FRP配筋特征参数，推导出量纲-形式的弯矩增量与参数之间的关系表达式，并给出显式求解FRP用量的计算方法．在此基础上，进一步通过定义截面形状系数，将这一显式求解方法推广至T形及更为一般性的截面形式．     

Darcy渗流量计算的等效结点流量法

Ｄａｒｃｙ渗流量计算的等效结点流量法朱岳明（河海大学水利水电工程学院南京２１００９８）１基本原理１．１Ｄａｒｃｙ稳定渗流场的有限单元法求解在只有第一、二类边界条件的Ｄａｒｃｙ稳定渗流场的有限单元法水头协调模型中，水头的插值公式、求解的泛函Π（Ｈ）及...     

受简谐集中力矩的四边简支矩形板的受迫振动

将功的互等定理法（ＭＲＴ）推广于求解在集中简谐干扰力矩作用下四边简支矩形板的稳态响应．给出了一系列封闭解以及一些有实用价值的图．     

空间框架体系弹性稳定分析

对结构进行空间整体分析，并通过结构系统总势能二阶交分为零（δΠ＝０）推导出结构屈曲方程．文中采用目前求解特征值问题最有效、精度最好的反幂法来求解结构的临界荷载，同时编制出应用于实际工程的计算程序．     

格林函数法在化学工程中的应用（Ⅱ）

本文在（Ⅰ）的基础上，对格林公式进行了推广，并列举了格林函数法在化学工程中三类模型方程求解的应用实例。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the