基于GIS方法的赣江流域水环境功能区划研究

运用GIS技术和方法，以1：25万数字地图为基础，根据赣江流域范围内的河流湖库水域使用功能，经济发展以及污染物总量控制的,早定了水域分类管理功能区以及混合区和过渡区等管理区，建立基于地理信息系统（GIS）的赣江流域水环境功能区划。     

基于多种水文学方法的赣江下游生态流量估算

气候变化和人类活动改变了天然径流的时空分配过程,水文情势的改变成为水生态系统退化的主要原因之一。开展生态流量研究,可为赣江流域水资源的优化配置、可持续开发利用和水生态系统的恢复提供科学依据。运用RVA(range of variability approach)、90%保证率下月最小日平均流量法、最枯月平均流量多年平均值法、NGPRP法、Texas法、多年日流量排频法(90%)6种水文学方法对赣江流域60多年的逐日流量资料进行研究,分析了赣江流域的生态流量过程,利用Tennant法对比分析,最终选择结合汛期RVA和非汛期多年日流量排频法(90%)下的适宜生态流量为赣江下游各月的适宜生态流量值。其中4—6月为赣江的主汛期,所需生态流量值最大,分别为1 520、1 988、1 924 m~3/s。与外洲站实测流量对比发现,赣江下游枯水期河道生态流量难以得到保障,不达标比例高于13%,尤其以1月和11月最为严重。     

赣江新区水环境污染现状及防治对策研究

有效控制水体污染、保障流域的水环境安全,是区域经济社会可持续发展的迫切要求。在总结赣江新区水质现状的基础上,对区域水污染防治的主要环节进行了分析,探讨了未来赣江新区区域水污染防治的关键策略。     

利用全局与局部相关函数分析流域降水空间变异性

为合理诊断流域降水的空间变异性,阐明了6种常见的全局和局部空间相关指标的联系与区别,并用空间相关函数进行统一表述,然后提出了同时从全局和局部2个方面对连续性与间断性并存的降水空间变异性进行综合分析的方法。采用全局半方差函数和局部Moran指数,对2003～2009年赣江流域降水空间变异规律进行了实例研究。结果表明:全局半方差函数便于描述流域降水的整体相关结构,而局部Moran指数可揭示降水的局部聚集形态和地带性规律,并能够诊断其中的奇异点。赣江流域年、月、日降水量在整体上呈显著的时变空间正相关性;在局部表现出较强的聚集性,并具有非平稳性和奇异性。同时,还初步指出了赣江流域降水空间变异性分析对于解释降水空间插值结果的作用。     

赣江流域径流模拟分析研究

为了分析赣江流域径流对1980-2013年以来土地利用变化的响应以及气候变化对其的影响,以外洲水文站控制的流域范围为研究对象,建立SWAT模型,对赣江流域径流进行模拟研究分析。研究结果表明:1)SWAT模型对赣江流域模拟精度较高,其中Ens均大于0. 84,R2均大于0. 85,模拟效果较好; 2)不同土地利用情境下模拟的赣江流域月径流略有变化; 1980-2000年,月径流变化率最大为1. 16%,最小为0. 41%; 2000-2015年,月径流变化率最大为0. 17%,最小为0. 01%; 1980-2015年,月径流变化率最大为1. 33%,最小为0. 42%。总体来说,3个时期的变化率均在1. 5%以内; 3)降水量与气温对流域径流影响较大,其中降水量与径流呈正相关性,气温与径流呈负相关性,且在夏季,径流对温度敏感性最大。     

赣江上游流域未来气温与降水的降尺度分析

大气环流模型预测气候变化情景,须经降尺度处理后才能满足气候变化对水资源水环境等影响进行评估的需要.本文为研究气候变化影响下的赣江上游流域未来气温与降水的变化情景,先利用SDSM建立大尺度气候要素和地面气温变量间的统计转换关系,确定模型应用的预报因子变量,然后用独立的观测资料验证模型的可靠性,最后把建立好的统计关系应用于英国Hadley中心海气耦合模式(HadCM3,SERSA2,B2)的输出,分别生成了赣江上游流域7个气象站点未来3个时段2020s,2050s和2080s的气温和降水变化情景.结果表明,赣江上游流域未来3个时段的未来日最高气温和日最低气温有明显的增加趋势,降水有微弱的增加趋势.研究结果为该流域水资源的综合管理及防洪减灾提供了决策支持.     

浮游硅藻生物指数法评价赣江水系水质健康状况研究

应用较敏感的水体富营养化评价指标——富营养化硅藻指数(TDI)对南方丰水型河流赣江流域的富营养化状态进行评估。结果表明,丰水期的富营养化状态(TDI=34.35)优于枯水期(TDI=56.98)以及平水期(TDI=65.19),依据TDI富营养化评分标准,丰水期处于贫营养状态,枯水期处于中营养状态,平水期则处于富营养化状态。因此,河流水质健康状况为丰水期枯水期平水期。从不同水情期的赣江全流域富营养化程度的空间差异来看,赣江下游的袁河中下游和干流下游(如南昌段)是河流超富营养化的主要区域,其次是赣江上游支流的梅江下游、绵水下游和上犹江下游的城市段面在平水期呈现富营养化-超富营养化过渡状态。     

气候和人类活动对赣江径流变化的作用分析

以鄱阳湖最大入湖支流——赣江流域为例，以流域的水量 能量收支为基础，分析流域近50年来水文、气候的变化特征，研究流域尺度上气候变化和人类活动对径流变化影响的相对作用。结果表明：相对于20世纪60年代，其他年代赣江径流的变化主要是由气候变化作用引起的，而人类活动的作用相对较弱。基于蒸发率函数的定量研究结果进一步揭示，不同时期气候变化和人类活动对径流变化的影响相差较大，但气候因素始终起着增大径流的作用，人类活动起着不同程度的辅助作用。     

赣江流域规划梯级重要水利枢纽工程的环境影响分析

赣江由南向北纵贯整个江西省,是长江中游重要的一级支流。赣江流域的重要枢纽工程通过对水资源的调控,实现防洪、发电、供水、灌溉、航运等多种功能,对地区社会经济发展意义重大。但水利枢纽工程在施工期和营运期可能对水库淹没区、坝址及坝址下游等区域的自然生态和社会环境产生一系列影响。分析了水利枢纽工程主要生态环境影响及影响特征,为工程环境决策提供了依据。     

赣江上游水文特征

一、前言赣江上游是指万安县棉津以上的地区,面积36,818平方公里,占赣江流域面积的45.5%。它的上源有二:东源贡水,属主源;南源章水。境内河网密布,主要支流有湘水、濂水、琴江、梅川、平江、桃江和上犹江等(图1)。上游控制站棉津多年平均水量、沙量分别占下游控制站外洲的44.6%和76%(含推沙)。因此,研究上游的水文特征,不仅有助于了解上游水资源状况,而且对整个赣江流域水资源的开发利用,流域规划和治理都有一定的意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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